中英文对照-建筑材料

CivilEngineeringMaterials,WordsandPhases,Catalogue,Chapter1BasicPropertiesofMaterialsChapter2AirHardeningInorganicBindingMaterialsChapter3CementChapter4OrdinaryConcreteChapter5ConstructionMortarChapter6WallMaterialsChapter7BuildingSteelsChapter8WaterProofingMaterialsChapter9BituminousMixture,Catalogue,Chapter1BasicPropertiesofMaterialsChapter2AirHardeningInorganicBindingMaterialsChapter3CementChapter4OrdinaryConcreteChapter5ConstructionMortarChapter6WallMaterialsChapter7BuildingSteelsChapter8WaterProofingMaterialsChapter9BituminousMixture,Chapter1,BasicPropertiesofMaterials,Back,WordsandPhases,material材料density密度apparentdensity表观密度bulkdensity堆积密度solidity密实度porosity孔隙率pore孔隙voidage空隙率void空隙,Chapter1,WordsandPhases,strength强度elasticity弹性plasticity塑性brittleness脆性toughness韧性durability耐久性compressivestrength抗压强度tensilestrength抗拉强度shearingstrength抗剪强度,Chapter1,WordsandPhases,bendingstrength抗弯强度deformation变形bendingstrength抗弯强度deformation变形stole石材cement水泥concrete砼mortar砂浆glass玻璃,Chapter1,WordsandPhases,pottery陶瓷steel钢材wood木材wettingangle润湿角hydrophilicproperty亲水性hydrophobicproperty憎水性water-absorbingquality吸水性waterabsorption吸水率waterpercentage含水率,Chapter1,WordsandPhases,specificabsorptionofquality质量吸水率specificabsorptionofvolume体积吸水率waterpercentageofquality质量含水率hygroscopic吸湿性waterresistance耐水性saturation饱和,Back,Chapter2,AirHardeningInorganicBindingMaterials,Back,Back,WordsandPhases,bindingmaterials胶凝材料organicmaterials有机材料inorganicmaterials无机材料airhardeninginorganicbindingmaterials气硬性无机胶凝材料hydraulicbindingmaterials水硬性胶凝材料gypsum石膏lime石灰setting凝结,Chapter2,WordsandPhases,hardening硬化slaking消化hydration水化quicklime生石灰slakedlime熟石灰groundquicklime生石灰粉groundquicklime生石灰粉groundhydratedlime熟石灰粉limepaste石灰膏asphalt沥青,Chapter2,WordsandPhases,compoundmaterial-tackinessagent合成材料-胶粘剂admixture外加剂fineness细度plastering抹灰rendering粉刷calciumquicklime钙质生石灰high-magnesiumquicklime镁质生石,Chapter2,WordsandPhases,dolomitegroundslakedlime白云石消石灰粉over-burntlime过火石灰under-burntlime欠火石灰crystallization结晶carbonization碳化soundness体积安定性waterretentivity保水性shrinkage收缩,Chapter2,WordsandPhases,limepaste石灰浆milkoflime石灰乳silicateproducts硅酸盐制品carbonatedlimeboard碳化石灰板lime-sandbrick灰砂砖activeblendedmaterials活性混合料,Back,Chapter3,Cement,Back,WordsandPhases,Portlandcement:波特兰水泥(硅酸盐水泥)OrdinaryPortlandcement:普通硅酸盐水泥ordinaryPortlandcement:普通硅酸盐水泥furnance-slagcement:矿渣硅酸盐水泥PortlandPozzlanacement:火山灰质硅酸盐水泥Portlandfly-ashcement:粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥compositePortlandcement:复合水泥high-aluminacement:高铝水泥,Chapter3,WordsandPhases,magnesium-oxy-chloridecement:氯氧镁水泥generalcement:通用水泥specialcement:专用水泥characteristiccement:特性水泥aluminouscement:铝酸盐水泥sulfoaluminatecement:硫铝酸盐水泥,Chapter3,WordsandPhases,hydraulicity:水硬性plasticity:可塑性durability:耐久性aggregates:骨料silicate:硅酸盐anti-corrosion:抗腐蚀freezingresistance:抗冻anchor:锚固clay:粘土limestone:石灰石,Chapter3,WordsandPhases,carbondioxide:二氧化碳（CO2）calciumoxide:氧化钙（CaO）tricalciumsilicate:硅酸三钙dicalciumsilicate:硅酸二钙tricalciumaluminate:铝酸三钙tetracalciumaluminoferrite:铁铝酸四钙shrinkage:收缩calciumhydroxide:氢氧化钙calciumsilicatehydrate:水化硅酸钙sulfate:硫酸盐,Chapter3,WordsandPhases,masonry:砌筑calciumaluminatehydrate:水化铝酸钙calciumferritehydrate:水化铁酸钙ettringite:水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）paste:浆体initialperiod:初始反应期inductionperiod:潜伏期capillaries:毛细管fineness:细度,Chapter3,WordsandPhases,specificsurfacearea:比表面积screeningmethod:筛分析法negativepressuresievingmethod:负压筛法waterpressuresievingmethod:水筛法drysievingmethod:干筛法normalconsistency:标准稠度initialSetting:初凝时间,Chapter3,WordsandPhases,finalsetting:终凝时间soundness:体积安定性poordimensionalstability:体积安定性不良disassociated:游离的bacillus:杆状菌Lechateliersoundnesstest:雷氏夹法mortar:砂浆compressivestrength:抗压强度bendingstrength:抗折强度,Back,Chapter4,OrdinaryConcrete,Back,WordsandPhases,ordinaryconcrete:普通混凝土highstrengthconcrete:高强混凝土depositconcrete:现浇混凝土precastconcrete:预制混凝土premixedconcrete:预拌混凝土plainconcrete:素混凝土prestressedconcrete:预应力混凝土reinforcedconcrete:钢筋混凝土,Chapter4,WordsandPhases,shotcreteconcrete:喷射混凝土massconcrete:大体积混凝土concretepumping:泵送混凝土plasticity:塑性durability:耐久性ingredient:组成材料aggregate:骨料coarseaggregate:粗骨料,Chapter4,WordsandPhases,impurities:有害杂质mica:云母silt:淤泥organicsubstance:有机物sulphide:硫化物sulphate:硫酸盐chloride:氯化物,Chapter4,WordsandPhases,unitscreeningrate:分计筛余百分率accumulatedscreeningrate:累计筛余百分率gradingregion:级配区gradingcurve:级配曲线finenessmodulus:细度模数optimizedSp:合理砂率deformation:变形,Chapter4,WordsandPhases,alkali-aggregatereaction:碱骨料反应potassium:钾sodium:钠gravel:碎石scree:卵石insolublematter:不溶物,Chapter4,WordsandPhases,sequentGradation:连续级配discontinuousGradation:间断级配singleGradation:单粒级igneousrock:火成岩metamorphicrock:变质岩aqueousrock:水成岩crushingindex:压碎指标,Chapter4,WordsandPhases,solublematter:可溶物concreteadmixture:混凝土外加剂rheologicalbehavior:流变性water-reducingadmixture:减水剂airentrainingadmixture:引气剂pumpingaid:泵送剂setretarder:缓凝剂,Chapter4,WordsandPhases,hardeningaccelerating:早强剂flashsettingadmixture:速凝剂water-repellentadmixture:防水剂anti-freezingadmixture:阻锈剂expandingadmixture:膨胀剂anti-freezingadmixture:防冻剂coloringadmixture:着色剂surfactant:表面活性剂,Chapter4,WordsandPhases,hydrophilicgroup:亲水基团hydrophobicgroup:憎水基团flocculationstructure:絮凝结构Ligninsulfonatewater-reducingadmixture:木质素减水剂largemoulding:大模板slidingformwork:滑模施工Naphthalenesulfonatewater-reducingadmixture:萘系减水剂,Chapter4,WordsandPhases,resinouswater-reducingadmixtures:树脂系减水剂chloridehardeningaccelerator:氯盐类早强剂sulfatehardeningaccelerator:硫酸盐类早强剂organicaminehardeningaccelerator:有机胺类早强剂rosinsoap:松香皂rosinpyrolyticpolymer:松香热聚物molasses:糖蜜citric:柠檬酸sodiumaluminates:铝酸钠calciumaluminates:铝酸钙,Chapter4,WordsandPhases,caulkingengineering:堵漏工程initialsettingtime:初凝时间finalsettingtime:终凝时间impermeability:抗渗性mineraladmixture:矿物掺合料flyash:粉煤灰silicafume:硅粉groundedslag:磨细矿渣,Chapter4,WordsandPhases,sinteredclay:烧粘土zeolite:沸石粉volcanictuff:火山凝灰岩equalreplacement:等量取代法excessreplacement:超量取代法adscititious:外掺法silicafume:硅粉ferrosilicon:硅铁合金siliconsteel.:硅钢,Chapter4,WordsandPhases,workability:和易性freshconcrete:新拌混凝土mobility:流动性viscidity:粘聚性waterretention:保水性workability:和易性slump:坍落度viscosity:粘性segregation：离析bleeding：泌水slump:坍落度vebeconsistometertest:维勃稠度试验,Chapter4,WordsandPhases,dryshrinkage:干缩coldcontract:冷缩volumedecrease:体积减缩settlement:沉缩lasticshrinkage:塑性收缩bleedingpath:泌水通道one-axisstaticcompression:单轴静态受压elasticlimit:比例极限criticload:临界荷载ultimateload:极限荷载,Chapter4,WordsandPhases,cubiccompressivestrength:立方体抗压强度specimen:试件prismcompressivestrength:轴心抗压强度tensilestrength:抗拉强度bendingstrength:抗折强度velocitymixing:高速搅拌ultrasonicvibration:声波搅拌highfrequencyvibration:高频振幅multifrequencyvibration:多频振幅,Chapter4,WordsandPhases,extra-coefficientofcement:水泥富余系数naturalcure:自然养护steamcure:蒸汽养护autoclavedcure:蒸压养护age:龄期hoopeffect:环箍效应anti-permeability:抗渗性anti-corrosion:抗侵蚀性anti-carbonate:抗碳化性,Chapter4,WordsandPhases,anti-abrasion:耐磨损carbonation:碳化mixProportionDesign:配合比设计designofpreliminarymix:初步配合比设计ascertainingthebasicmixproportion:基准本配合比的确定laboratorymixProportion:实验室配合比workingMixProportion:施工配合比absolutevolume:绝对体积法assumeanapparentdensity:假定表观密度法,Back,Chapter5,ConstructionMortar,Back,WordsandPhases,masonrymortar砌筑砂浆surfacemortar抹面砂浆especialmortar特殊砂浆cementmortar水泥砂浆limemortar石灰砂浆mixmortar混合砂浆rubblemasonry毛石砌体brickwork砖砌体,Chapter5,WordsandPhases,hillysand山砂furnaceslag炉渣expansioncement膨胀水泥componentadapter构件接头structurereinforcement结构加固cracklemending裂纹修补smoothflour-millingjointing光滑磨面勾缝,Chapter5,WordsandPhases,mobility（consistency）流动性（稠度）freshmortar新拌砂浆hardenedmortar硬化砂浆workability和易性waterdosage用水量sinkingdegree沉入量consistometerofmortar砂浆稠度仪,Chapter5,WordsandPhases,laminate分层layeringdegree分层度densesubstrate(imhygrophanousbeds)密实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）poroussubstrate(hygrophanousbeds)多孔基层（吸水基层）empiricalcoefficient经验系数cementmixmortar水泥混合砂浆cementmortar水泥砂浆,Chapter5,WordsandPhases,adhesionstress粘结力substrate基底材料mixratiodesignofmortar砂浆配合比设计strengthstandarddeviation强度标准差trialstrength试配强度,Back,Chapter6,WallMaterials,WordsandPhases,wallmaterial墙体材料roofmaterial屋面材料wallbricks砌墙砖firedbrick烧结砖firedclaybrick普通粘土砖firedporousbrick烧结多孔砖firedhollowbrick烧结空心砖autoclavedbrick蒸养（压）砖wallblocks墙用砌块,Chapter6,WordsandPhases,small-sizehollowblock小型空心砌块flyashandsilicatemedium-sizeblock粉煤灰硅酸盐中型砌块bricks砖blocks砌块plywood板材porousbrick多孔砖hollowbrick空心砖solidbrick实心砖claybrick粘土砖,Chapter6,WordsandPhases,flyashbrick粉煤灰砖coalminewastebrick煤矸石砖variablecoefficient变形系数standarddeviation标准差flyashwaste粉煤灰渣small-sizeblock小砌块medium-sizeblock中砌块large-sizeblock大砌块cementconcreteblock水泥混凝土砌块,Chapter6,WordsandPhases,flyashconcreteblock粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土砌块plasterblock石膏砌块porousblock多孔砌块sinteredblock烧结砌块flyashandsilicatemedium-sizeblock粉煤灰硅酸盐中型砌块frost-resistance抗冻性,Chapter6,stonework石砌体normalconcretehollowblock普通混凝土空心砌块lightweightaggregateconcreteblock轻骨料混凝土砌块relativewatercontent相对含水率dryshrinkage干缩率thermalconductivity导热系数,WordsandPhases,Back,Chapter7,BuildingSteels,Back,WordsandPhases,buildingsteels建筑钢材profilesteel(steelsection)型钢steelangle角钢steelplates钢板steelbarforconcretereinforcement(bar)钢筋steelwire钢丝coloredmetal有色金属blacknessmetal黑色金属pigiron生铁,Chapter7,WordsandPhases,molteniron生铁水smelt冶炼oxidation氧化reduction还原deoxidize脱氧castingot铸锭oxygenconverter氧气转炉evenfurnace平炉electriccooker电炉,Chapter7,WordsandPhases,meltmolteniron熔融铁水carbonsteel碳素钢alloysteel合金钢coke焦炭ironore铁矿石char炭impurities氧化物deoxidant脱氧剂boilingsteel沸腾钢,Chapter7,WordsandPhases,sedationsteel镇静钢specialsedationsteel特殊镇静钢lowcarbonsteel低碳钢mediumcarbonsteel中碳钢carbonsteel碳素钢highcarbonsteel高碳钢lowalloysteel低合金钢mediumalloysteel中合金钢alloysteel合金钢,Chapter7,WordsandPhases,highalloysteel高合金钢deoxidationdegree脱氧程度commonsteel普通钢highqualitysteel优质钢advancedhighqualitysteel高级优质钢structureSteel结构钢toolSteel工具钢specialsteel特殊钢stainlesssteel不锈钢,Chapter7,WordsandPhases,heat-resistantsteel耐热钢wear-resistantsteel耐磨钢tool刀具steeltool量具mould模具impacttoughness冲击韧性fatiguestrength疲劳强度coldbendingproperty冷弯性能weldingproperty焊接性能,Chapter7,WordsandPhases,yieldstress屈服强度tensilestrength抗拉强度elongation伸长率flexibilityphase弹性阶段yieldphase屈服阶段aggrandizementphase强化阶段shrunkenphase颈缩阶段yieldpoint屈服点yieldtensileratio屈强比,Chapter7,WordsandPhases,cross-section断面rupture断裂coldworking冷加工colddrawing冷拉colddrawn冷拔rigidity硬度aging时效agingsensitivity时效敏感性strengthen强化,Chapter7,WordsandPhases,crystal晶体crystallattice晶格aberration畸变crystalgrains晶粒slid滑移steelbarforreinforcedconcrete钢筋carbonstructuralsteel碳素结构钢codenames牌号mechanicalproperty力学性能,Chapter7,WordsandPhases,technicalproperty技术标准impact-resistance抗冲击性能low-alloyandhigh-tensilesteel低合金高强度结构钢abrasiveresistance耐磨性corrosionresistance耐蚀性lowtemperatureresistance耐低温性hot-rollsteel热轧钢筋coldrolledtwistedsteel冷拔低碳钢丝,Chapter7,WordsandPhases,cold-drawingsteel冷拉钢丝prestressingstrand钢绞线ingot钢锭steelwireandstrandofprestressedconcrete预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线heattreatmentsteelofprestressedconcrete预应力砼用热处理钢筋coldrolledribbedsteelwiresandbars冷轧带肋钢丝、钢筋,Back,Chapter8,WaterProofingMaterials,Back,WordsandPhases,waterproofingmaterial防水材料petroleumasphalt石油沥青waterproofsheet防水卷材highpolymermodifiedbituminoussheetmaterial高聚物改性沥青防水卷材SBSmodifiedbituminoussheetmaterialSBS改性沥青防水材料elastomerbituminoussheetmaterial弹性体沥青防水卷材,Chapter8,WordsandPhases,APPmodifiedbituminoussheetmaterialAPP改性沥青防水卷材plastomerbituminoussheetmaterial塑性体沥青防水卷材syntheticpolymerwaterproofsheet合成高分子防水卷材waterproofconformation防水构造rigiditywaterproof刚性防水softwaterproof柔性防水waterproofconcrete防水混凝土,Chapter8,WordsandPhases,waterproofsheet防水卷材waterproofcoating防水涂料jointmaterial嵌缝材料asphaltbasewaterproofingmaterial沥青基防水材料highpolymermodifiedasphalt高聚物改性沥青syntheticpolymerwaterproofingmaterial合成高分子防水材料,Chapter8,WordsandPhases,modifiedasphalt改性沥青coaltar煤焦油resin树脂rubber橡胶syntheticpolymermaterial合成高分子材料polymer高聚物distillation蒸馏crudeoil石油原油,Chapter8,WordsandPhases,buildingpetroleumasphalt建筑石油沥青pavementpetroleumasphalt道路石油沥青ordinarypetroleumasphalt普通石油沥青oilcomponent油分asphaltene沥青质viscosity粘度adhesiveability粘结性temperaturestability温度稳定性,Chapter8,WordsandPhases,paraffinsoftenpoint软化点penetrationdegree针入度colloidstructure胶体结构soltype溶胶型sol-geltype溶凝型geltype凝胶型,Chapter8,WordsandPhases,micelle胶团hydrophobicmaterial憎水性材料adhesiveforce附着力relativeviscosity相对粘度solidorsemi-solidpetroleumasphalt固体或半固体石油沥青liquidpetroleumasphalt液体石油沥青normalviscosity标准粘度,Chapter8,WordsandPhases,penetrometer针入度仪ductility延度standardviscidity标准粘度normalviscidityinstrument标准粘度计ringandballsofteningpointinstrument环球法软化点仪distortion变形glycerine甘油,Chapter8,WordsandPhases,atmospherestability大气稳定性（耐久性）evaporation蒸发oven烘箱solubility溶解度cohesion粘性bituminouswaterproofsheetmaterial沥青防水卷材synthetichighpolymersheet合成高分子卷材,Chapter8,WordsandPhases,flexibility柔韧性mechanicalstrength机械强度breakingability抗断裂性flexiblesheetwaterproofmaterial可卷曲片状防水材料modifiedbituminous改性沥青support胎体surfacematerial覆面材料,Chapter8,fabric纤维织物WordsandPhasesofChapterEightfelt纤维毡polyethylenemembrane聚乙烯膜fiberglass玻璃纤维polyesterfelt聚酯毡impermeability不透水性heatresistanceability耐热度elasticity柔度thermalplastic热塑料waterimpermeability不透水性,Chapter8,WordsandPhases,Chapter9,BituminousMixture,Back,WordsandPhases,bituminousmixture:沥青混合料mineralaggregate:矿质集料mineralm