大学英语四级写作辅导.ppt

大学英语四级写作辅导,重温四级写作评分中的几个关键点（参见710分第一页）,1、内容：紧扣提纲、不能偏题2、结构：布局合理、详略得当3、语言：语句通顺、语义连贯备注项:1、字数不足,酌情扣分2、只写一段者0-4分，只写两段者0-9分。(总分按照15分计算),四级写作的文体,说明文议论文非应用文记叙文描写文文体书信体应用文非书信体,写作的流程：以96年1月大学英语四级写作为例,Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopicTheTwo-dayWeekend.Youshouldwriteatleast100wordsandyoushouldbaseyourcompositionontheoutline(giveninChinese)below:1.双休日给大学生带来的好处。2.双休日可能给大学生带来的问题。3.我应当怎样过好双休日。,写作的流程,一看（看清标题和字数）二圈（在提纲中圈出关键词，即写作重点）三标（在要详写的提纲的关键词旁标注1、2、3，表示这个关键点至少从3个方面阐述。如果该点略写，则不标123）四想（进行构思（全文分几个段？详略如何分布?段落间如何衔接，段落内部如何衔接？），意在笔先）五写（语言组织，想好后下笔，下笔后不改）,审题练习一,98年1月大学英语四级作文题目Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopicHarmfulnessofFakeCommodities.Youshouldwriteatleast100wordsandyoushouldbaseyourcompositionontheoutline(giveninChinese)below:1.目前社会上有不少假冒伪劣商品(fakecommodities)。2.为什么会有这种现象?（1厂家追逐利益，2政府缺少监管，3群众难以识别）3.举例说明假冒伪劣商品对消费者个人、社会等的危害。,课堂练习一：审题练习,参见710分P20，对如下作文4,5,9进行快速审题练习。,如何写提纲,根据题目和中文提纲利用2-3分钟时间列出写作要点，理清要点间的逻辑关系，组织并列出写作素材，列出关键词，在头脑中形成一个整体的思路。,以“IHaveaDream”为例outline:1whatsyourdream2howtorealizeyourdream,P1:Mydreamistobeateacher.(astory,asaying,directopening)P2:1)readmorebooksonteaching2)domorephysicalexercisesinpursuitofgoodhealth3)workasapart-timetutor/teacheronweekendsorvacationP3:conclusion,请你写提纲,HowShouldParentsHelpChildrentobeIndependent?(2010年12月真题）目前不少父母为孩子包办一切为了让孩子独立，父母应该.（提示：只有两点的提纲，结构应该怎样：二段还是三段？,HowShouldParentsHelpChildrentobeIndependent?,P1:Parentsarewillingtodoeverythingforchildren(somedamages，reasons）P2:Tohelpchildrenbecomeindepent,parentsshould1guidechildrentofigureouthowtosolveproblemsontheirown2.teachchildrenhowtodosomehouseholdsinsteadofdoingitforthemP3:(conclusion)Bydoingso,childrenwillbeabletolearnhowtoadoptthemselvestothecomplicatedsociety.,范文赏析,TheInternetATwo-EdgedSword(Topicsentence)ThereisagoodsideandabadsidetoeverythingandthatincludestheInternet.Asthelatestproductofthe“technologicalrevolution,”theInternethasusheredinaneweraofglobalinformation.Nevertheless,alongwithconveniences,ithasbroughtmankindnewproblemstosolve.(Topicsentence)Internetbenefitsusinmanyrespects.ThereisnodenyingthattheInternetcanvastlyimprovetheefficiencyofscientificresearch;itallowsscientistsswiftaccesstoallthedataandresearchfindingsintheirfieldsavailableworldwide.Moreover,asinformationisasvaluableasanymaterialresource,anyonewhohasaccesstotheInternethasacompetitiveadvantageinbusinessoverthosewhodont.Lastbutnotleast,theInternethasmadepersonalcommunicationbothmoreconvenientandmorerapid.,TheInternetATwo-EdgedSword,(Topicsentence)WhilethereisagreatdealofenthusiasmnowadaysovertheadvantagesoftheInternet,itsdrawbacksshouldnotbeneglected.Foronething,longtimesurfingontheInternetdoesalotofharmstoourbody.Foranother,notalltheinformationavailableontheInternetisusefulorharmless.(Topicsentence)But,allinall,IwouldsaythattheprosoutweightheconsAstheworldeconomybecomesmoreandmorecloselyintegrated,anycountrywhichfallsbehindinthe“informationrace”willbecomeeconomicallybackward.TheInternet,ifproperlymanaged,holdsthekeytosuccessinthe21stcentury.,议论文的过度句,Theadvantagefaroutweighthedisadvantages.Evidently,ithasbothnegativeandpositiveeffects.Forallthedisadvantages,ithasitscompensatingadvantages.Likeanythingelse,ithasitsfaults.Everycoinhastwosides.Weshouldseetheothersideofacoin.,议论文写作模板,模板一：观点对立型第一段(引入话题）：Nowadays,thereisanincreasinginterestin某一话题.Therefore,ahotdebatearisesover该话题.第二段（观点A及其原因分析）：Somepeopleareinfavoroftheideaof观点A.Theirreasonsareasfollowing:inthefirstplace,原因一;inthesecondplace,原因二;inthethirdplace,原因三.第三段（观点B及其原因分析）：However,otherpeopleholdanoppositeviewpoint.Theyconsiderthat观点B.Theyholdthisviewbecause原因一.Besides,原因二.Whatsmore,原因三.第四段（我的看法）：Thereissometruthinbotharguments.ButIthinktheadvantagesof该话题outweighthedisadvantages.Inmyopinion,进一步阐明我的看法及其原因.,议论文模板,模板二：观点对立型第一段：Nowadays,whereveryougo,youwillhearpeopletalkabout某一话题.Whetheryoulikeitornot,ithasbecomeapartofourlife.第二段：Somepeoplemaintainthat观点A.Intheirview,原因一.Theyalsoarguethat原因二.Finally,原因三.第三段：Somepeople,however,takeadifferentattitude.Theyconsiderthat观点B.Therearetworeasonsforthis.Foronething,原因一.Foranother,原因二.第四段：AsfarasIamconcerned,我的看法.Therefore,结论.,议论文模板,模板三：观点对立型第一段：Whenitcomesto某一话题,differentpeoplehavedifferentideas.第二段：Somepeopleholdthat观点A.Theybelievethat原因一.Theyalsoclaimthat原因二.Moreover,原因三.第三段：Butotherpeopletakeanoppositeside.Theyfirmlybelievethat观点B.Firstly,原因一.Secondly,原因二.Thirdly,原因三.第四段：Thereissometruthinbotharguments.ButIfavor（/support/backup）theformer（/latter）side.Afterall,补充原因.,范文赏析(说明文）,HowtoSucceedinaJobInterview?Nowadays,studentsmustseekjobsbythemselves.Jobinterviewistheonlywaytohaveaccesstothedoomoftheemployers.Sosucceedinginajobinterviewisveryimportant.Buthowcanonesucceedinajobinterview?Firstly,youshouldbeverywellprepared.Bringalongasmuchinformationaboutyourselfaspossible:yourdiplomacertification,yourcreditrecords,certificationaboutyourawards,yourpublications,andthemostimportantofall,anexcellently-designedresume,inbothChineseandEnglish.Secondly,youmustpaymuchattentiontoyourappearance.Inordertoproveyourselfawell-educatedperson,youmustfirstofallbedressedproperly.Whiletalkingwiththeinterviewer,youshouldlookattheoneyouaretalkingtowithunderstandingeyes.Whilestanding,youshouldstandfirm,nevermakingbiggestures.Whilesitting,youshouldneversitcross-legged.Alwaysremembertolistenattentivelytothepersontalking.Aslightnodofyourheadisalwaystimelytoshowyourwillingnesstocommunicate.Thirdly,youmustbeconfidentaboutyourself.Neverbenervous.Letyoursmilingfaceshowfriendlinessfirst.Whiletalkingaboutyourstrongpoints,behonest,neverbeastoreventellalie.Areyousureyouarewellprepared?Youcangonow,andyouwillsucceed,withoutdoubt.,说明文写作：怎样定模板？,模板一：现象描述段落模板1、Nowadays,withthedevelopmentofsociety(economy/education/internet),某个现象hasarousedmuchconcerninChina.描述现象2、Nowadays,withthereformof现象的背景,描述现象.Thisphenomenonhasbeenbroughtintopublicfocusandcalledforfurtherconcern.3、Inrecentyears,描述现象.Thisissuehasarousedthegreatestconcern.4、Currently,alongwiththeadvanceofthesociety,animportantissuethat描述现象isbroughttoourattention.Forexample,举例描述各种具体现象.,说明文写作：怎样定模板？,模板二：原因分析段落模板1、Justaswhathashappenedtoanythingintheworld,manyfactorsleadtothisphenomenon.Foronething,原因一.Foranother,原因二.Ourlistofcontributorscouldgoon,buttheforegoingonesarealreadyenoughtogiveusadeepinsightintothephenomenon【此模板适合于两个原因的段落】2、Anumberoffactorscouldaccountforthephenomenon,butthefollowingarethemostcriticalones.Firstofall,原因一.Inaddition,原因二.Whatsmore,原因三【此模板适合于三个原因的段落】3、Forthisphenomenon,thereareplentyofcontributingcausesamongwhich,thefollowingonesareparticularlyworthmentioning.First,原因一.Second,原因二.Andfinally,原因三备注：【为了增加文章字数，也可以在每一种原因后进一步论述该原因】,说明文写作：怎样定模板？,模板三：影响（问题或者危害）分析段落模板1、Obviously,therearesomeproblemsexistingin某事物或现象.(Thereissomeinfluence/therearesomeharms/damagesfollowing某事物或现象.)Forinstance,列举影响一/问题一/危害一.进一步说明该影响、问题或危害.Inaddition/Besides,影响二/问题二/危害二.Whatsmore/Moreover,影响三/问题三/危害三.2、Objectivelyspeaking，thisphenomenonwillbringaboutbothpositiveandnegativeeffect.Ontheonehand,描述正面影响.Ontheotherhand,描述负面影响【影响多时，可以加衔接词分几点阐述】3、Thisissuemayleadtoanumberofunfavorableconsequences,withthefollowingtwothemostserious.Foronething,后果一.Foranother,后果二.【如果是三种后果呢？怎么变化句型？】,说明文写作：怎样定模板？,模板四：解决方案段落模板1、Therearemanysteps(measures/ways)whichcanbetakentosolvethisproblem.Firstofall,解决方法一.Inaddition,解决方法二.What