贺勇fMRI研究设计和论文写作PPT演示课件

研究设计与论文写作,贺永,北京师范大学认知神经科学与学习,国家重点实验室,1,一个“好”的研究,原创性/创新性Originality/Creativity具有重要性Significance具备可行性Feasibility可重复性Reproducibility/Reliability发表后引起关注（正面或者负面）Influence/impact:5-10years作者、编辑、审稿人、读者,2,科学研究的步骤-作者,选题Selectingandformulatingresearchproblem检索文献Surveyingliterature建立假说Developinghypotheses设计实验Designingexperiment采集数据Collectingdata处理和分析数据Processingandanalyzingdata检验假说Testinghypotheses解释结果Interpretingresultsandgeneralizationofresults结论Makingconclusion写作Paperwriting,3,审稿及发表(编辑、审稿人、读者),投稿修改出版,4,“ThisstudywasthefirsttoderiveastructuralnetworkofthehumanbrainonthebasisofcorrelationsincorticalgreymatterthicknessmeasuredusingMRI.”(BullmoreandSporns,NatRevNeurosci2009),Citation:137(fromISI),5,Reviewer1:“Thisisaninterestingwell-writtenandcreatively,conceivedpapershowingforthefirsttimethathumanbrainanatomicalconnectivitymaybetopologicallyorganizedaccordingtosmallworldprinciples.”,Reviewer2:“Thispaperdealswithanimportantandvery,significantresearcharea,thecharacterizationoftheanatomicalnetworkoflong-rangeconnectionsinthehumanbrain.Thiscrucialdatasetiscurrentlylackingandanyprogresstowardsamorecompleteanatomicaldescriptionofthehumancortexishighlydesirable.Thepaperattemptstoaddressthisissuebyusinganovelandpotentiallyinterestingapproachtowardsmappinganatomicalpathwaysandprovidesananalysisoftheresultingnetwork.”,6,StructuralMRI-basedBrainConnectomeAnalysis,Methods(Chenetal.,CerebCortex2009;Sanabria-Diazetal.,NeuroImage2010)Normaldevelopment(Fanetal.,NeuroImage2011)Normalaging(Wuetal.,HumBrainMapp2011;Zhuetal.,NeurobiologyofAging2011;Chenetal.,NeuroImage2011)Alzheimersdisease(Heetal.,JNeurosci2008;Yaoetal.,PLoSComputationalBiology2010)Multiplesclerosis(Heetal.,Brain2009)Epilepsy(Rajetal.,NeuroImage2010;Bernhardtetal.,CerebralCortex2011)Schizophrenia(Bassettetal.,JNeurosci2008)Genetic(Schmittetal.,CerebralCortex2009),7,Howtoformtheidea?,8,2003年,IPMI2003:reject,9,2003年,2subjectsfromDr.XuchuWeng,IPMI2003:reject,10,Small-worldhumanbrainfunctional,networksbyresting-statefMRI,Salvadoretal(2005),CerebCortex,11,2005.7.20,MeetingwithAlanEvansandKeithWorsley,说服你的老板！,Montreal,12,Lerchetal(2006)NeuroImage,13,2005.09,14,Question:canweusestructuralMRItoconstructbrain,networks?,Hypothesis:humanbrainstructuralnetworkshavea,small-worldorganization.,Workhard!,Remember:youonlyhaveonechance!,15,Regions,Regions,Networkconstruction,Corticalthicknessmeasurements,0-0.2,-0.4,Regions,Corticalparcellation(ANIMAL+INSECT)Cross-correlationmatrixFDR,Humancorticalthicknessnetwork,Binarizedmatrix,124,0,7,Subjects,54,Corticalthicknessdatamatrix,Heetal(2007)CerebCortex,16,MethodsParticipants/experimentaldesign/MRI(ICBM152)ImagingprocessingStatisticalanalysis要求：合理性/准确性/新颖性/完整性,方法描述必须准确，逻辑清晰关键的方法简要描述其合理性尽量避免任意选择参数，否则要评价参数变化对结果的稳定性充分利用你的data引述公式和采用别人的方法必须给出出处整个部分具有完整性,17,Methods,要求：,方法描述必须准确，逻辑清晰,ThenativeMRimageswerefirstregisteredintostereotaxicspace,(TalairachandTournoux1988)usinga9-parameterlineartransformation(Collinsetal.1994).Simultaneously,imageswerecorrectedfornonuniformityartifactsusingtheN3algorithms(Sledetal.1998).Theregisteredandcorrectedimageswerefurthersegmentedintograymatter,whitematter,cerebrospinalfluid,andbackgroundusinganadvancedneuralnetclassifier(Zijdenbosetal.2002).TheinnerandoutergraymattersurfaceswerethenautomaticallyextractedfromeachMRvolumeusingtheConstrainedLaplacian-basedAutomatedSegmentationwithProximities(CLASP)algorithm(MacDonaldetal.2000;Kimetal.2005)andcorticalthicknesswasmeasuredinnativespaceusingthelinkeddistancebetween2surfacesat40962verticesthroughoutthecortex.,18,Methods,要求：,方法描述必须准确，逻辑清晰,Finally,temporalfiltering(0.01Hzf0.08Hz)wasperformedonthetimeseriesofeachvoxeltoreduce(notavoid!)theeffectoflow-frequencydriftsandhighfrequencynoise(Biswaletal.,1995;Loweetal.,1998;Jiangetal.,2004).,19,Methods,要求：,方法描述必须准确，逻辑清晰关键的方法简要描述其合理性,TheCLASPcorticalthicknessalgorithmhasbeenvalidatedusingbothmanualmeasurements(Kabanietal.2001)andsimulationapproaches(LerchandEvans2005;Leeetal.2006),andrecentlyappliedto,Alzheimersdisease(Lerchetal.2005)andcorticaldevelopmentstudies(Shawetal.2006).,20,Methods,要求：,方法描述必须准确，逻辑清晰关键的方法简要描述其合理性,尽量避免任意选择参数，否则要评价参数变化对结果的稳定性,Toexploretheinfluenceofthresholdingonthesmall-world,attributes,inthisstudy,weappliedthemaximumrangeofcorrelationthresholds(0RCprandomLpregularLpbrainLprandomThestructuralcorticalnetworkconstructedata,FDRthreshold(correctedP1,Lpbrain/Lprand=1.151,brain,0random,regular,Thethicknessofhumancerebralcortexisorganizedintoasmall-worldtopology,i.e.highlyclusteringandshortpaths.Heetal(2007)CerebCortex,25,Hubregionsinred,Non-hubregionsingreen,Blacklinesshowlong-rangeconnections,Greylinesshowshort-rangeconnections,Geometricdistancebetweenregionsapproximatestheshortestpathlengthbetween,them.,NetworkvisualizedwiththePajekprogram(http:/vlado.fmf.uni-lj.si/pub/networks/pajek/),Networktopologyofcorticalthicknesscorrelations,Heetal(2007)CerebCortex,26,Discussion,简述关键结果,深入讨论研究方法（发现）的重要性/合理性/生物学意义,该研究的局限性和将来的发展,再次重申研究的重要性和创新性,避免简单重复！,27,References,Original/relevant/importantcitationsMissing/wrongreferencesPotentialreviewersJournalformat,28,Abstract,Animportantissueinneuroscienceisthecharacterizationfortheunderlyingarchitectures,ofcomplexbrainnetworks.However,littleisknownaboutthenetworkofanatomicalconnectionsinthehumanbrain.,Here,weinvestigatedlarge-scaleanatomicalconnectionpatternsofthehumancerebral,cortexusingcorticalthicknessmeasurementsfrommagneticresonanceimages.Twoareaswereconsideredanatomicallyconnectediftheyshowedstatisticallysignificantcorrelationsincorticalthicknessandweconstructedthenetworkofsuchconnectionsusing124brainsfromtheInternationalConsortiumforBrainMappingdatabase.,Significantshort-andlong-rangeconnectionswerefoundinbothintra-and,interhemisphericregions,manyofwhichwereconsistentwithknownneuroanatomicalpathwaysmeasuredbyhumandiffusionimaging.Moreimportantly,weshowedthatthehumanbrainanatomicalnetworkhadrobustsmall-worldpropertieswithcohesiveneighborhoodsandshortmeandistancesbetweenregionsthatwereinsensitivetotheselectionofcorrelationthresholds.Additionally,wealsofoundthatthisnetworkandtheprobabilityoffindingaconnectionbetween2regionsforagivenanatomicaldistancehadbothexponentiallytruncatedpower-lawdistributions.,Ourresultsdemonstratedthebasicorganizationalprinciplesfortheanatomicalnetworkin,thehumanbraincompatiblewithpreviousfunctionalnetworksstudies,whichprovidesimportantimplicationsofhowfunctionalbrainstatesoriginatefromtheirstructuralunderpinnings.Toourknowledge,thisstudyprovidesthefirstreportofsmall-worldpropertiesanddegreedistributionofanatomicalnetworksinthehumanbrainusingcorticalthicknessmeasurements.,29,Title：Small-WorldAnatomicalNetworksintheHuman,BrainRevealedbyCorticalThicknessfromMRI,Keywords：anatomy,connectiv