10月物流英语试卷

2007年10月高等教育自学考试物流英语试卷本试卷分为两部分,满分100分;考试时间150分钟.第一部分为选择题,1页至7页.应考者必须在”答题卡”上按要求填涂,不能答在试卷上.第二部分为非选择题,8页至9页,共2页.应考者必须在”答题纸”上直接答题,否则不记分.PART ONE （50 POINTS）. 语法、词汇。用适当的词语填空。从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个正确答案，并在答题纸上将所选答案的字母涂黑。（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）Complete each of the following sentences with the most likely answer.(20 points)1. The aim of _ management is to minimize the amount of material in stock.A. invention B. inventive C. inventory D. inventiveness2. Dont forget to refer to the book ERP in the _ of planning resources in your enterprise.A. way B. route C. process D. proceed3. The _ expenses will be for your account if you place an order of 100,000 tons of roll steel at a time. My workshop uses only ten tons a month.A. stocking B. store C.storage D. stored4. Logistics was formerly called physical _.A. position B. distribution C. setting D. distribute5. Weve studied all our _ catalogs.A. competitors B. competitors C. competitor D. competitors6. There is , however, a well-defined order in which the components can be installed in the vehicle most _.A. efficinet B. efficiently C. effectively D. effective7. Excuse me ,but I dont quite _ you , Im confused.A. feel B. help C. follow D. touch8. Inventories are frequently found in such places _ warehouses, yards, shop floors, transportation equipment , and on retailstore shelves.A. as B. like C. which D. where9. Holding inventories fosters economies in _ and transportation.A. purchase B. purchased C. purchasing D. purchases10. Just _ why a firm might want inventories at some level in their operations and why they would also want to keep them at a minimum.A. consider B. considering C. considered D. considers11. Packaging should protect the goods _ damage during handling, storing and transportation.A. for B. at C. from D. about12. Our manager suggests that we _ loat the goods as soon as possible.A. must B. need C. should D. would13. He spends most of his spare time _ logistics.A. to study B. on study C. study D. studying14. In the average manufacturing firm in North America, purchased goods and services account _ approximately 55 cents of every sales dollar.A. to B. from C. for D. in15. He always wants everything _ in a hurry.A. done B. doing C. to do D.do 16. The quality of finished goods and services in obviously _ upon the quality of the materials and parts used in producing those items.A. depend B. dependence C. dependent D. depended17. If you refuse to develop yourself, others will _ you.A. perform B. lose C. win D. outperform18. A far greater amount of cargo is shipped by bulk carriers,_ can be chartered on the tramp market on a time basis or on voyage basis.A. where B. which C. whose D. who19. If youdecide to book the space yourself, you can _ go to a shipping company or simply go on the Internet.A. both B. neither C. either D. all20. Can you check the _ for me again? I want to know the details of tomorrows meeting. Thank!A. schedule B. room C.bar D. account. 阅读理解。认真阅读下列三篇短文，每篇短文后有5个问题，根据短文的内容从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个正确答案，并在答题纸上将所选答案的字母涂黑。(本大题共15小 题，每小题2分，共30分)Read the three passages and answer the question.(30 points)Passage 1Many people wonder how Wal-Mart is able to charge such low prices and continue to make a profit. There are seeveral factors in their business model that contribute to this ability, but a big one is their ability to an ever-changing global maketplace. Some criticize Wal-Marts efforts to deliver to prices by being efficinet. This efficiency is present in several areas, but one of the most important places is how they are able to manufacture products all over the world and get them to retail outlets, which are also all over the world. This ablilty requires a f;lawiess(无瑕的) logistical system that allows products to be shipped anywhere at a moments notice.One of the keys to Wal-Marts effective logistical system is the flexibility(灵活性) that it has when choosing suppliers. When Wal-Mart negotiates with suppliers, the suppliers know that Wal-Mart will only pay the most competitive prices. This is because it is very easy for them to find another supplier of that particular material with a lower price and very few logistical problems. This gives Wal-Mart a huge amount of leverage (优势) when dealing with suppliers. If a particular supplier knows that a company has found a lower price, it will lower its price accordingly. However, if the supplier also knows that it will be incredibly difficult for the company to make the proper adustments to ensure a smooth transition(过渡 ) to a different supplier, then they will be less inclined to lower their price as much.This is not how existing suppliers deal with Wal-Mart; when they see that Wal-Mart has found a supplier that will give them a lower price, the current suppliers lower their prices accordingly. They know that Wal-Marts logistical system can handle transition semlessly(无缝地) and therefore they gain no additional leverage since it wont be difficult or costly for Wal-Mart to choose another supplier.Another reason the Wal-Marts prices are so competitive is because buy in such large quantities that transportation from one end of the supply chain to another is not as costly for additional units. This aspect of the logistical system does not come from skill or expertise; it simply comes from the sheer size out the world that have the luxury of using bigger trucks and using less fuel to go back and forth. Also if by chance they have to use shipping services to transport material from one locaion to another, Wal-Mart will give them so much business that they will get huge discounts. The logistical system that Wal-Mart uses is so effective because it is so flexible. This is why Wal-Mart is able to offer things much cheaper than other companies can.Wal-Mart has a reputation for being able to offer these things in a cheap manner because of low employee pay and human rights vidolation(违反、违背)but this is simply not the case.21. The word”charge” in the first line means _.A. to state officially that someone may be guity of a crimeB. to ask someone for a particular amount of money for something you are sellingC. to blame someoneD. to order someone to do something22. Which of the following statements in WRONG about Wal-Marts?A. Wal-Mart is able to adapt to an ever-changing global marketplace.B. Wal-Mart has been albe to deliver low prices by being efficient.C. Wal-Mart has a flawless logistical system that allows products to be shipped anywhere at a moments notice.D. The profit of Wal-Mart is now declining.23. Suppliers of Wal-Mart knows that _.A. Wal-Mart is flexible when choosing suppliers B. Wal-Mart only negotiagtes with suppliers with the most competitive prices.C. Wal-Mart is incredibly difficult to make the proper adjustments to ensure a smooth transition to a different supplier D. they cannot lose Wal-Mart for the sake of their profit 24. Buying in large quantities _.A. is a factor making Wal-Marts prices highB. can make prices competitiveC. means having the luxury of using bigger trucksD. means to use shipping services to trfansport meterial25. The last sentence of thew last paragraph shows that _.A. Wal-Mart offer things in a cheap mannerB. Wal-Mart violates human rightsC. some peoples understanding of Wal-Mart is incorrect D. the logistical system of Wal-Mart is flexiblePassage 2CEVA Logistics is making the “logistics ”part of its name outdated, unless one stretches the term to mean more than traditiona transportation and warehousing. What the provider does for the Michelin Tire Group in the U.S. is a prime(主要) example of that trend.Under its former name of TNT Logistice , CEVA has an extensive history of working with Michelin around the world. Five years ago , Michelin North America signed a contract with the then=parent of TNT, TPGN.V., handing over day-to-day operation of the clients tire distrbution centers throughout the continet. That deal came seven years after inception(开始、开端) of a similar logistics services contract between the two companies in the United Kingdom.CEVA came into being last year, when TNT.N.V. sold off its contract logistics unit to Apollo Management, a New York-based private equity firm. In the process, the company maintained the specialized services that it had built up over the years on behalf of tire manufactrurers. Today, CEVA has tire contracts in 17 countries on five continents.In the U.S.,certain services that CEVA performs for Michelin on a regional basis exceed the boundaries of what some might comsider logistics. Gina Moon is customer service associate with the Michelin Tire Group in Greenville, S.C, U.S. headquarters of the global consern. One of her accounts at that location is Utility Trailer, which provides specialized equipment to move tires to automobile manufacturers.Michelin ships to five Utility Tralier locations in the U.S., two in Virginia and one each in Utah, Alabama and Arkan-sas.Shipment volume is around 250,000 units per year, according to Moon.At the facilities, however, its CEVA that is responsible for receiving and mounting the tires on wheels. From there, the components move to the assembly lines, of various customers.CEVA manages the transportation end of the program as well, although its Michelin that secures the appropriate trucker. Blue Trucking is a major haule(运输者)of shipments to the Independence facility because of its operations in Virginia. Swift Transportation Ioc. And Old Dominion Freight Line Inc. are also regular providers of over-the road service for Michelin.CEVA performs the tire-mounting service not just for Michelin, but for other major tire manufacturers as well, including Goodyera, Bridgestone and Yokohama Tire. In all cases, the operation requires special handling so as not to scratch the pristine(崭新的)wheels that are intended for new cars. “We dont have a lot of issues like thank,” says Moon. “They are very good at what they do.”26. Which of the following statements about CEVA Logistics is NOT correctA. It coperates with the Michelin Tire Group in the U.S.B.It works with TPG N.V.C. To CEVA Logistics, “logistics”means more than traditonal transportation and warehousing.D. It came into being last year.27. TNT is _.A. a company in the U.K. B.the then-parent of MichelinC. a New York-based private equity firm D. the descendant of TPG. N.V.28. Why is Gina Moon mentioned in Paragraph 4 and 5?A.Because she is customer service associate with the Michelin Tire Group in Greenville, S.C.B. Because one of her acconuts at that location is Utility Tralier.C. Because its an example showing that certain services that CEVA performs exceed the boundaries of what some might consider logistics.D.Because, Utility Trailer provides specialized equipment to move tires to automobile manufaceurers.29. As mentioned in the last paragraph but one , which comkpany secures the appropriate trucker?A. CEVA B. Swift Transportation Inc.C. Blue Trucking D. Michelin30. All are tire manufactures EXCEPT_.A. Old Dominion Freight Line Inc. B. Michelin C. Goodyear D. YokohamaPassage 3It is a fallacy(谬论)to assume that the best logistics strategy is to get the product from the supplier to the customer the fastest and always be in stock for all organizations. If this were true, most organizations would not be profitable today. The truth is , creating a logistics strategy is a balancing act which takes many variables into account. Here is a list of what needs to be answered before creating a logistics strategy.What are the strategic objectives of the orgnazation?A business would never rreview the tax consequences of making an investment and then choose the best investment based on the tax treatment. It would evaluate its investment optionsd and then select the right one for its business. Then it would look to its accountant to find the best way to report it . Similarly, the logistics strategy supports the business strategy, For example, if a furniture retailer is competing in the low-cost furniture segment (部门)of the market, it has to ask itself what do its customers want in tems of customer service; is it in-stock availability, quick delivery time or a generous return policy?Stratgic Analysis of the CompetitionIt is beneficial to look at what level of customer service your competitors are offering .This may be accomplished by conducting a customer service audit(审查)。 The audit will show what level of Customer service performance customers expect as well as what is currently being offered. A gapanalysis will then show the difference between expected performance and actual performance and highlight changes that must be made.Evaluate Channel StructureOnce the gaps are identified and the customer service level is defined, the next step is to look at the channel structure. The logistics channel structure displays how many levels there are between the supplier and the customer. It also identifies how many distribution points there are in the network and if a logistics network re-desigh is necessary to meet customer service golas. For example, if the furniture retailer wants next day delivery to its customers, it may want to consider having regional warehouses in close proximity(接近) to its major market areas.The answers to the above questions will give an organization a road map to set its customer service policy. This policy is then translated to the channel structure to best meet the organizations goals in the most efficient and effective manner.31. Which of the following statements is NOT correct?A. The best logistics strategy is to get the product from the supplier to the customer the fastest and always be in stock for all organizations.B. What the strategic objectives of the organization are is the first factor that should be considered when a logistics strategy is created.C. What level of customer service your competions are offering is another factor needed to be taken into account.D. The last step to create a logistics strategy is to evaluate the channel structure.32. The word”profitable” om “If this were ture, most organizations would not be profitable today.” Means_.A. existing B. making money C. going bankruptcy D. listed33. A generous return policy belongs to the category_.A. logistics B. packaging C. maritime transportation D.customer service34. Why is customer service audit introduced in this passage?A. Because the tax consequences should not be reviewed. B. Because it is a most in strategic analysis.C. Because it will show what level of custome service performance customers expect and what is currently being offered. D. Because it highlights changes that must be made.35. Which of the following will the logistics channel structure NOT demonstrate?A. How many levels there are between the supplier and the customer.B. How many distribution points there are in the network.C. Where a logistics network re-design is necessary to meet customer service goals.D. If the furniture retailer watns next day delivery to its customers.PART TWO (50 POINTS). 术语翻译。根据题目要求，将下列术语分别译成汉语或英语，译文写在答题纸上相应的位置。（本大题共10小题，每小题1分。共10分）Translate the following words and expressions.(10 points)(A)From English to Chinese36. strategic planning 37. convenience product38. Allocation 39. insurance cost40. UPC(B)From Chinese to English41. 采购 42. 信用证 43. 供应链44. 大副 45. 制成品存货.词语匹配。将A栏中的词语与B栏中的汉语翻义相匹配，并将B栏中所选答案的字母写在答题纸上相应的位置。（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）Match the words and expressions in Column A with the Chinese explanations in ColumnB. (10 points) A B 46. procurement A. 中间人 47. accessibility B. 浓缩 48. middleman C. 集装箱堆场 49. levy D. 获得 50. compression E. 减少 51. elevation F. 征收 52. recommend G. 可达性 53. diminish H. 定做 54. container yard I. 推荐 55. customize J. 提高、提升V. 简答题.用英语简要回答下列问题.(本大题共2小题,每小题5分,.共10分)Answer the following questions in English. (10 points)56. How many sectors of economic activities are involved in logistics? What are they?57.58. What is the major function of Third-Party Logistics companies?. 句子翻译.根据题目要求,将下列句子分别译成汉语或英语,译文写在答题纸上相应的位置.(本大题共10小题,每小题2分,共20分)(A) Translate the following sentences into Chinese.(10 points)58. It is recognized in industrialized countries that logistics is now the last frontier for increasing benefits in industrial production.59. Fo