Language-points语言点.ppt

Unit1,Unit1Gettingalongwithothers,Languagepoints,1.IfeelbetrayedbymyfriendHannah.,betrayvt.背叛；出卖；对.不忠e.g.Whenyoubetraysomebodyelse,youalsobetrayyourself.你出卖别人时，也出卖了自己。,2.Afterward,Ipretendedtobecheerful,butHannahsensedsomethingwaswrong.pretendvt.1)佯装；假装e.g.Hepretendedtobefriendlywithme.他假装对我友善。2)(尤指孩子)(在游戏中)假扮；装作e.g.Letspretendthatwereonanisland.让我们装作在一孤岛上。,cheerfuladj.愉快的，高兴的；令人愉快的e.g.Thisisacheerful,sunnyroom.这个房间阳光充足，令人愉快。句中的sense为动词，后接从句，表示“感觉到，意识到”。e.g.SheprobablysensedthatIwasnttellingherthewholestory.,3.IadmittedhowbadlyIhaddone.,admitvt.1)承认e.g.Youmustadmitthetasktobedifficult.你得承认这个任务是艰巨的。2)准许进入；准许.进入e.g.Noonebutticket-holderswasadmitted.只有持票者方可入内。,3)容许；可容纳e.g.Thetheateradmits1000people.这剧院可容纳一千人。admitvi.承认e.g.Imustadmittofeelingashamedofmyconduct.我得承认因自己的行为而感到羞惭。,辨析:这些动词均含“承认”之意。acknowledge:通常指公开承认某事的真实情况或自己的过错。admit:强调因外力或良心驱使或经判断而明确承认，多含不情愿或被迫意味。recognize:作“承认”解时，系书面用词，主要指合法的或外交上的承认，也指公认。,【派生】admissionn.进入，入场；承认。如：Aweekafterhisadmissionintothearmy,hefellill.他入伍后一星期就病了。Hisadmissionthathewasthethiefsurprisedeveryone.他承认自己就是小偷，这让大家惊讶不已。,admittedadj.自己承认的如：Heisanadmittedalcoholic.他自认是个酒鬼。admittedlyadv.无可否认地，诚然。如：Admittedly,Iveneveractuallybeenthere.说实在的，我从未去过那里。,4.Ibeggedhernottotellanyonebegvt.vi.请求，恳求；乞讨e.g.Bequiet,Ibegyou.请你安静一点。Hebeggedmoneyinthestreets.他沿街讨钱。Hebeggedalongthestreet.他沿街乞讨。,vt.,vt.,vi.,5.Shewasreallyupsetandsworethatshehadnttoldanyone.,swearvt.vi.发誓；郑重承诺；咒骂，说脏话e.g.Thewitnesssworetotellthetruth.证人起誓保证讲真话。TheyrefusedtoswearonaBible.他们拒绝手按圣经发誓。Whatisthewomanswearingat?那女人在咒骂什么?,vt.,vi.,vi.,swearswore-sworn,6.IdontthinkIcanevertrulyforgiveher.,forgivevt.原谅，宽恕e.g.Heforgaveherforwhatshehadsaidtohim.他原谅她对他说过的那些话。,forgiveforgaveforgiven,7.Yourssincerelysincerelyadv.真诚地e.g.Isincerelyhopeyoullcomewithus.我真诚希望你和我们一起去。8.Theotherteamwassuperbandsuperbadj.极佳的；卓越的e.g.Shesasuperbsinger.她是一位超级歌星。,8.Wereallyhadtofocus.,focusvt.vi.集中注意力于；使聚焦e.g.Icantfocusmythoughtstoday.今天我的思想集中不起来。Hemustbeverytiredtoday,hedoesntseemtofocusatall.他今天一定很累，他似乎无法专心思考。,vt.,vi.,focusn.焦点；重点e.g.ThefocusofthischapteristheAmericanRevolution.本章的重点是讲美国独立战争。,9.Ishouldnttalktohiminthismanner.mannern.方式；态度，举止e.g.Wewalkedinaleisurelymanner.我们慢悠悠地走着。11.itturnedintoahorribleargument.horribleadj.极坏的，糟糕的；恐怖的，令人震惊的e.g.Itisahorriblethingtoseeonepersonmakeanothersuffer.看到人折磨人的景象是件可怕的事。,10.IfeelreallyguiltybecauseImadesomecruelremarkstoo.guiltyadj内疚的；有罪的e.g.Ifeltguiltyafterbreakingmypromise.我违背诺言后感到内疚。Hewasfoundguilty.他被判有罪。remarkn.vi.评论，谈论e.g.Hehadahabitofmakinghumorousremarks.他有说幽默话的习惯。,11.Sinceweargued,hehasntarguevi.争吵，争论e.g.Imnotgoingtoarguewithyoutonight.我今晚不想与你争辩。12.Itsreallyawkward.awkwardadj.令人尴尬的，别扭的；笨拙的e.g.Hefeltawkwardanduncomfortable.他感到尴尬和不舒服。,13.buthehasnotapologizedtome.apologizevi.道歉e.g.Heapologizedtoherfornotgoingtoherparty.他因为没有出席她举行的宴会而向她表示歉意。,14.Itoldmybrotheraboutthequarrel.quarreln.vi.争吵，争执e.g.Heisgood-naturedandhasneverhadaquarrelwithanyone.他脾气很好，从不和任何人争吵。Itsnousequarrellingaboutitwithme.关于这件事与我争吵毫无用处。,15.Shesaidthatsomeonemusthavebeenspyingonusinthewashroom,butIdidntbelieveherexplanation.句中情态动词must后面接完成进行式，表示对过去正在进行的情况的推测。spyonsomebody，“窥探”。如：Bettyalwaysfeelsthatherneighboursarespyingonher.,16.Hegotannoyed,sayingitwasnthisfaultifhecouldntplayaswellasme,andthatIshouldnttalktohiminthismanner.句中现在分词短语作状语。现在分词saying后接了两个宾语从句，其中第二个从句的引导词that通常不能省略。如：Jacksaidhelovedmusicandthathewoulddoanythingtobecomeamusician.,17.Heaccusedmeofsomereallybadthingsjusttohurtme.accuse“指责，指控”，常用于accusesb.ofsth.如：Areyouaccusingmeoflying?,18.Yesterday,Isawhimtalkingtoanotherboy,Peter,andIcannothelpwonderingifhewantspetertobehisbestfriendinsteadofme.cannothelp(doing)something“忍不住，情不自禁”如：IcouldnothelplaughingwhenIsawhishaircut.,19.Friendshipsbetweengirlsareusuallyanchoredinsharedfeelingsandsupport,butfriendshipsbetweenboysarebasedonsharedactivitiesorinterests.1)动词anchor的本意是“停泊”，在句中表示“基于”。如：Hernovelsareanchoredineverydayexperience.2)词组bebasedon/upon的意思是“以为基础，建立在基础上”如：Theirfriendshipwasbasedoneachothershelpandsupport.,20.However,ifIhadendedourfriendship,wewouldhavebothlearntnothing.本句是虚拟语气，if从句中动词用haddone，主句的动词用wouldhavedone，表示与过去事实相反的情况。如：Ifyouhadcomeyesterday,youwouldhavemethim.,难句分析:1.Imusthavesoundedveryproudofmyselfafterthequiz,sayinghoweasyitwasandhowIwassuretogetagoodgrade.1)句子结构分析：此句的主句是Imusthavesoundedveryproudofmyself。afterthetest是介词短语作时间状语。,-ing分词短语sayinghoweasyitwasandhowIwassuretogetagoodgrade作伴随状语，修饰谓语动词sound。在-ing分词短语中含有两个how引导的从句作动词say的宾语。,2)语言知识分析：musthavedone意为“一定是”，是对过去发生的情况的肯定推测，其否定结构为cant/couldnthavedone，意为“不可能”。如：Jackcanthavearrived.Otherwisehewouldhavephonedme.杰克不可能已经到了。要是到了他会给我打电话的。,2.However,thenextday,InoticedthatmyclassmateswerestaringatmeasIcameintomathclassand,whenIwenttositdown,Iwasshockedtofindapieceofpaperonmydeskthatsaid,StupidSarahgotaD!【分析】这是一个由and连接的并列复合句。,在第一个分句However.mathclass中，that引导宾语从句，其中，as引导时间状语从句；在第二个分句中，when引导时间状语从句，Iwasshocked.是主句，其中，thatsaid.是限制性定语从句，修饰paper。,3.IwassoangrythatIwentstraighttoHannahandtoldherwewerentgoingtobefriendsanymorebecauseshecouldntkeepherword.1)句子结构分析：此句的主句是一个so.that.句型。and连接that结果状语从句里的两个动词went和told；told后跟省略了that的宾语从句。,2)语言知识分析：keeponesword意为“遵守诺言”。如：Youmustkeepyourwordifyoupromisedtotakethechildrentothecinema.如果你答应孩子们去看电影的话，你就得遵守诺言。,拓展word常见短语还有：haveawordwithsb.跟说话；havewordswith跟争吵；breakonesword不遵守诺言，失信；eatoneswords收回自己的话，承认说错了；leaveword留下话；inaword总之；inotherwords换句话说等。,4.Itoldmybrotheraboutthequarrel,buthesaidMatthewisjusttoosensitiveandperhapsalittlebitterbecauseIamreallyathleticandgoodatfootballandthatIhadbetterfindanotherfriend.1)句子结构分析：此句的主句是Itoldmybrotheraboutthequarrel，buthesaid.后面是but引导的并列句，表转折关系。,在but引导的转折句中，动词said后是由and连接的两个that引导的宾语从句，第一个宾语从句Matthewisjusttoosensitive.省略了引导词that；第二个宾语从句