传统节日风俗与翻译.ppt

中国传统节日风俗与翻译,chieftraditionalfestivalsinChina,TombSweepingFestival,SpringFestival,DragonBoatFestival,Mid-autumnFestival,agriculturalcalendar,Theworldcalendarisdesignedaccordingtotheperiodthattheearthcirclesaroundthesun.,TheChineselunarcalendaristheonethatthemooncirclesaroundtheearth.summer/lunarcalendar,agriculturalcalendar,A“Chineseyear”is364days,1.14219daysshorterthanasolaryear.Tomakeupforthegap,ancientChinesesetup“theleapmonth”.Inevery19years,thereshouldbe7leapmonths.,jieqi,Jieqi(solarterms)areseasonalperiodsindicatingtheobviouschangesofweatherwhentheycomearound,altogether24,designedtoguideagriculturalactivities.,春雨惊春清谷天，夏满芒夏暑相连，秋处露秋寒霜降，冬雪雪冬小大寒。,二十四节气歌,Jieqi,清明下种，谷雨插秧。SowingseedinQingming,andtransplantinginGuyu.,白露早，寒露迟，秋分种麦正当时。Whenplantingwheat,Qiufenistherighttime,becausethetimeofBailuistooearlybut,whenHanlucomesitistoolate.,SpiritualDemandforFestivals,Peoplewishtoaskforblessingsandprayingforprotectionagainstdisastersthroughholdingmemorialceremoniesandofferingsacrificestoheavenandtheirancestorsonholidays.,SpringFestival,SpringFestivaland元元-start旦-earlymorning,SpringFestivaland立春立-start立春-theBeginningofSpring,Laba(eighthofthetwelfthlunarmonthoftheoldyear),LabaistheepisodeofSpringFestival.Afterlaba,thecelebratingatmosphereforthecomingofSpringFestivalisgrowing.,Originsoflaba,la(腊)meanstheturningfromtheoldtothenew.2.laji(腊祭)Itsasacrificialceremonyheldattheturnofayear(winterpreserving)intheprimitivesocietytocelebratetheharvest,tothanktheHeavenandtoprayfortheprotectionoftheHeavenaswellasabundantgrainharvestinthecomingyear.,springsowing春耕summerweeding夏耘autumnreaping秋收winterpreserving冬藏,labaporridge(腊八粥)释迦牟尼toadvocatethethriftylifetoprayforagoodharvestinthecomingyear,xiaonian(小年)23rdofthetwelfthmonthoflunaryear二十三，糖瓜粘tosacrificeforthekitchengod,二十四，扫房子house-cleaning/dustingtoeliminatedust,bacteriaandanymisfortune.,除夕(theevebeforetheLunarnewyear)年havingallthelightsinhousesonorcandlesburnt;stayingtogetherforthecomingoftheNewYear（年）;firefirecrackersaroundmidnight;payingNewYearCalls,Mrlongevity寿百龄太爷MrWealth富有余老爷Mrnobility贵无极大人MrLuck福照临老爷,NewYearVisitors,SpringFestivalcoupletShenTu（神荼）andYuLei（郁垒）peachtree,SpringFestivalmotifsondoorsandwallsSheTuandYuLeiQinShubao秦叔宝YuchiJingde尉迟敬德,yasuiqian（压岁钱）Yasuiqianistohelpkidsbribeanyevilsinthecomingyeariftheycometohurtorattack,thusprotectingtheirownsafety.岁and祟arehomonyms.压岁indicatessuppressingtheevil.,DietofSpringFestivalJiaozi;niangaoYuanxiao-LanternFestival:thefirstfullmoonandthefamilyreunion,InterestingtaboosinSpringFestivalJiaozi-broken(破)earned（挣）碎碎（岁岁）平安breakingfifthofthefirstlunarmonth(破五),TombSweepingDay/PureBrightnessFestival,JieZhitui(介子推)ofSpringandAutumnPeriod;Chonger(重耳，theprinceofJin晋),ColdFoodDay（寒食节）-the103thdayaftertheWinterSolstice（冬至）greenwillowwickers;flyingakite,theDragonBoatFestival,eateggsandglutinousricewrappedupinbambooorreedleaveswearperfumebags;windingcolorfulthreadsaroundchildrenswrists;hangingcertainplantsonthedoors;tokeeptheevilspiritaway.,Mid-AutumnFestival,familyreunionoldmanmatchmakermatrimonialdestinyChangeJaderabbitMoonPalaceHouyimookcake,当下已是腊月，离年日近，王夫人与凤姐治办年事。（曹53）Itwasnowthetwelfthmonth.AsNewYearwasfastapproaching,LadyWangandXifenghadtheirhandsfullwithpreparations.,辞岁以后，从长辈得到压岁钱，红纸包着，放在枕边，只要过一宵，便可以随便使用。睡在枕边，看着红包，想到明天买来的小鼓，刀枪，泥人，糖菩萨然而她进来了，又将一个福橘放在床头了。（鲁迅朝花夕拾）,Afterseeingtheoldyearout,Iputbesidemypillowthemoneywrappedinredpaper,whichthegrown-upshadgivenmeasaNewYeargiftofluck.ThenextmorningIcouldspenditasIwouldbepleased.Ilayonmypilloweyeingtheredpackages,thinkingofthesmalldrum,theweapons,theclayfiguresandsugarBuddhathatIwouldbuytomorrow.ThenshecameinandputaGood-LuckOrangeattheheadofthebed.seesthout:lastuntiltheendofsth;eg:enoughcoaltoseethewinterout,王夫人与凤姐是天天忙着请人吃年酒，那边厅上院内皆是戏酒，亲友络绎不绝，一连忙了七八日才完了。早又元宵将近，宁荣二府皆张灯结彩。（红53）LadyWangandXifengwerebusyentertainingguests,foranunendingstreamoffriendsandrelativesattendedtheNew-Yearfeastsandoperashelddailyforaboutaweekintheirhallandcourtyard.Andassoonasthiswasover,bothmansionsweredeckedoutandhungwithlanternsfortheapproachingLanternFestival.,重阳佳节这天，周世章放了一天假，教学生们去登高游玩。（梁山伯与祝英台）OnthedayofDoubleNinthFestival,ZhouShizhanggavehisstudentsaone-dayholidaysothattheycouldgosight-seeing.gotoclimbmountainfortraditionandsightseeing.,贾蓉接过禀帖和账目，忙展开捧着，贾珍倒背着两手，向贾蓉手内只看红禀帖上写着：“门下庄头乌进孝叩请爷，奶奶万福金安，并公子小姐。新春大喜大福，荣贵平安，加官进禄，万事如意。（红53）,JiaRongtookthecardandlistandheldthemoutwhileJiaZhen,hishandsbehindhisback,readthem.Ontheredcardwaswritten:“Yourservant,BailiffWuJinxiao,kowtowstowishthemasterandmistressboundlesshappinessandgoodhealth,andgoodhealthtotheyoungmasterandyoungmistresstoo.MaytheNewYearbringyougreathappinessandgoodfortune,wealth,nobilityandpeace.Mayyoubepromotedwithincreasedemolumentsandhaveallyourwishescometrue.”,李纨道：“放风筝图的就是这一乐，所以又说放晦气，你更该多放些，把你这病根儿都带了去就好了。（红70）,“Kite-flyingisjustforfun.Thatswhywecallitsendingoffbadluck,”saidLiWan.“Youshoulddothismoreoften,andthenyoumightgetridofthatillnessofyours.Wouldntthatbeagoodthing?”,他（周经理）记起衣锦还乡那句成语，有一年乘清明节回县去祭祀扫墓，结识本地人士。（围城）Oneyear,rememberingthesayingaboutreturninghomeclothesinglory,hechosetheChingMingFestivaltoreturntohisdistricttoofferobeisanceatthefamilytemple,attendtotheancestralgraves,andmakeacquaintanceswithlocalnotables.,外面又有工部官员并五城兵备道打扫街道，撵逐闲人。贾赦等督率匠人扎花灯焰火之类，至十四日，聚已停妥。这一夜，上下通不曾眠。（曹18）Outside,officersfromtheBoardofWorksandtheChiefoftheMetropolitanPolicehadthestreetssweptandclearedofloiterers.JiaShesuperintendedthecraftsmenmakingornamentallanternsandfireworks,andbythefourteentheverythingwasready.Butnoone,highorlow,sleptawinkthatnight.,那一年腊月初七日，老耗子升座议事，因说：“明日乃是腊八，世上人都熬腊八粥。如今我们洞中果品极少，须得趁此打劫些来方妙。”乃拔令箭一支，遣一能干的小耗前去打听。（红19）,Oneyearonth