2011年高考一轮复习(新人教版英语)知识点梳理课件：选修6 Unit 4

Unit4Globalwarming基础落实.高频单词思忆1.Shedoesntwanttomakeabigemotional(承诺)toSteveatthemoment.2.Underno(情况)shouldyoulendPaulanymoney.3.Theelectricityindustry(消耗)largequantitiesoffossilfuels.4.Therearealotofnatural(现象)wecantunderstand.,commitment,circumstances,consumes,phenomena,5.Ifyoubehavesofoolishlyyoumustbereadytotakethe(后果).6.Large(量)ofmoneyhavebeenspentonthebridge.7.Whichjournalsdoesthelibrarysto?8.Iwouldochangingthelaw.9.Thisdwascollectedfrom69countries.10.Hehasalreadyshisintentiontorunforelection.,consequence,quantities,ubscribe,ppose,ata,tated,.重点短语再现1.发生；造成2.代表一方，作为的代言人3.同意，赞成；订购4.反对5.继续6.导致7.忍受，容忍8.上升；增长；升起9.只要10.即使,comeabout,onbehalfof,subscribeto,beopposedto,keepon,resultin,putupwith,goup,solongas,evenif,.典型句式运用1.Ittakesalotofenergytomakethingsfromnewmaterials,.用新原料造东西需要大量能源，句中it为，take意为：（时间、劳力等）；有这种含义的take通常不可用于被动语态。比较：Ittakessb.timetodosth.某人花费时间做某事。,考点提炼,形式主语,需要,消耗,2.ItsOKtoleaveanelectricalapplianceonsolongasyouareusingit-ifnot,turnitoff!只要你在使用电器设备，你便可以把它开着。如果不用就把它关掉！so/aslongas引导从句，意为“”。另外此短语还可意为“在的时间之内；既然，因为”等。,考点提炼,条件状语,只要,3.“Wecantpredicttheclimatewellenoughtoknowwhattoexpect,.我们预报气候不够准确以致于不能知道要发生的事，not.enoughtodosth.意为：“”；enough表示它前面的形容词、副词的程度，表示由此产生的结果或行动，enough后面that从句。,考点提炼,不够以致于不能,不定式,不能,课堂导练互动重点单词1.quantityTheproblembeginswhenweaddhugeofextracarbondioxideintotheatmosphere.（回归课本P26）观察思考Heprefersquantitytoqualitywhenfoodisconcerned.就食物而言，他讲究量不讲究质。QuantitiesoffoodandtentsweresenttoWenchuanfromShandong.大量的食品和帐篷被从山东运往汶川。,quantities,归纳总结quantity。inquantity大量alargequantityof许多，大量，既可修饰可数名词复数，也可修饰不可数名词。,n.量；数量,quantitiesof+,不可数名词可数名词复数,复数谓语动词,+,许多的，大量的,quantityof+,可数名词复数+复数谓语动词不可数名词+单数谓语动词,许多的，大量的,注意aquantityof后同样可接不可数名词或可数名词的复数形式。但当它作主语时谓语动词一般根据其所修饰的名词而定，而quantitiesof作主语时，不论其后的名词可数或不可数，谓语动词都用复数。,即学即用用quantity的相关短语填空(1)Itsalotcheaperifyoubuyit.(2)Mybrotherboughtbooks.(3)Thereareraininthisarea.,inquantity,alargequantityof,largequantitiesof,2.oppose.,whoaretothisviewandbelievethatweshouldnotworryabouthighlevelsofcarbondioxideintheair.（回归课本P27）观察思考Hethrewallthosethatopposedhimintoprison.他把所有反对他的人都投进了监狱。Iopposeyougoingtherealone.我反对你单独去那儿。,opposed,归纳总结opposevt.。opposesth./doingsth./sb.doingsth.反对某事/做某事/某人做某事opposesth.to/againststh.使某事物与另一事物对照/对抗opposedadj.相反的；对立的beopposedto反对；与对立,反对，反抗；与（某人）较量,即学即用(1)他反对修建新礼堂的建议。Hetobuildanewhall.(2)不要用你的意愿和我的相抗衡。Donotyourwillmine.(3)她好像很反对你出国。Sheseemsverymuchyourgoingabroad.,opposedtheproposal,oppose,against,opposedto,3.rangeItwillmakeplantsgrowquicker;cropswillproducemore;itwillencourageagreaterofanimals.(回归课本P27)观察思考Thepriceofthehouseiswellbeyondourrange.这所房子的价格远远超过了我们能承受的范围。Thereare120studentswhoseagesrangefrom10to18.有120名学生年龄在10到18岁之间。,range,Therewillbeanincreaseintherangeof1to3percent.将会有1到3个百分点的增长幅度。Theshowrangesovermanysettings,from18thcenturysailingshipstoconcerthalls.这个节目涉及许多场景：从18世纪的帆船到音乐厅。,归纳总结range。(1)awiderangeof一系列afullrangeof各种in/withinrange在射程以内；在范围内beyond/outofrange在射程外；在范围外in/outoftherangeof在/超出范围outofonesrange某人能力达不到的；某人知识以外的(2)rangefrom.to.在范围内变动；包括（由到）之间的各类事物rangebetween.and.在和范围内变动,n.种类；范围；幅度；界限；v.,（在一定范围内）变动，变化；排列,即学即用(1)这家商店商品品种繁多。(2)年龄范围从6岁到12岁。(3)老师沿着小径排列他的学生。,Theshopkeepsawiderangeofgoods.,Theagerangeisfrom6to12years.,Theteacherrangedhisstudentsalongthepath.,4.glancequicklyatthemagazinearticleandanswerthequestions.（回归课本P27）观察思考Heglancednervouslyathiswatch.他紧张不安地看了一下表。Nadineglancedroundtoseeiftherewasanyonethatsheknew.纳丁快速环视了一下，看看是否有她认识的人。,Glance,Hegaveheraquickglanceasshewalkedintotheroom.她走进房间时，他朝她看了一眼。Oneglanceatherfacetoldmethatshewastired.一看她的脸色，我就知道她累了。,归纳总结glance。glanceat/over/through浏览；匆匆地看一眼glanceoff擦过；掠过glancearound/round环视ataglance一眼；立刻atfirstglance乍一看；乍看之下take/haveaglanceat匆匆看一眼stealaglance偷偷看一眼,vi.看一下；扫视；n.一瞥,易混辨异glance,glare,stare,glimpse(1)glance指很快地看某人或某物一眼。(2)glare指怒视。(3)stare指由于生气、好奇、害怕或吃惊而睁大眼睛注视某人或某物。(4)glimpse意为“瞥见”，强调结果。,即学即用(1)他扫视了一下会议室。Hetheconferenceroom.(2)他瞥了一眼那个信封，认出是他叔父的笔迹。Hetheenvelopeandrecognizedhisuncleshandwriting.(3)球从球门柱上斜擦入网。Theballthepostintothenet.(4)他一眼就看出了问题所在。Hecouldtellwhatwaswrong.,glancedaround,glancedat,glancedoff,ataglance,5.averageThegreenhouseeffectgivestheearthssurfacethetemperatureof15.(回归课本P29)观察思考Doyouknowwhattheaveragerainfallisforthewinterinourarea?你知道我们地区冬季的平均降雨量是多少吗？,average,Usually,childrenofaverageintelligenceachievegoodresultsinstudythankstotheirdiligence.通常智力水平中等的孩子往往会由于勤奋而成绩突出。Thereisnothingspecialaboutit.Itisonlyaverage.它没什么特别之处，很普通。,归纳总结averageadj.；n.；平均为；计算出的平均数。(1)anaveragerate/cost/price平均比率/成本/价格anaverageof的平均数above/belowaverage高于/低于平均水平onaverage平均地；通常；按平均值uptoaverage达到平均数；达到一般水准(2)averageout(atsth.)平均数为；扯平；最终达到平衡averagesth.out算出的平均数,平均的，普通的,平均数,v.,即学即用用适当的介词填空(1)averagemensmokemorecigarettesthanwomen.(2)Hislivingstandardsareaverage(低于一般水平).(3)Myschoolworkiswellaverage.(4)Theaverageagetheboysinthisclassisfifteen.,On,below,above,of,重点短语与句型eaboutSohowhasthisanddoesitmatter?(回归课本P26)观察思考Theydidntknowhowthechangehadcomeabout.他们不知道这个变化是怎么发生的。Manyaquarrelcomesaboutthroughamisunderstanding.很多争吵是由误解引起的。,comeabout,归纳总结comeabout意为：，是短语，不能接宾语，也没有被动语态。与come相关的短语：comeacross偶然遇见；无意中找到comeon跟着来，跟上来；口得啦；快点comeout出来，出现；（芽）生出来；（花）开；出版，发行cometo总计；达到；归纳为comeup走近；上（楼）去；（从土中）长出，发芽；被提出；流行起来comeupwith找到（答案）；拿出（一笔钱等）,发生,造成,不及物动词,即学即用用come的相关短语填空(1)Sheanewideaforincreasingsales.(2)Heneverrememberedhavingamanlikethat.(3)Tellmehowtheaccident.(4)Hisnewbookwillnextyear.,cameupwith,comeacross,cameabout,comeout,7.resultinTheyalsoagreethatitistheburningofmoreandmorefossilfuelsthathasthisincreaseincarbondioxide.(回归课本P26)观察思考Thefireresultedinelevenpeoplebeingkilledandthedestructionofthefactory.火灾造成了十一人死亡，工厂被烧毁。Thefreshpolicyresultsineconomicdevelopment.那项新政策促进经济发展。,resulted,in,归纳总结result是动词，与in连用，表示“”，句子的主语是原因，in的宾语是结果。resultfrom起因于；因而造成asaresult结果；因此withtheresultthat.为此，因此asaresultof作为的结果withoutresult毫无结果地,不及物,引起某种,结果,即学即用(1)成功来自努力工作。Successhardwork.(2)他的粗心致使他犯了一个严重的错误。Hiscarelessnessaseriousblunder.(3)我在浴室，因此没听见电话。Iwasinthebathroom,Ididnthearthetelephone.(4)这种化学物质因一种化学反应而形成。Thechemicalsubstanceformedachemicalreaction.,resultsfrom,resultedin,withtheresultthat,asaresult,of,8.putupwithWedonthavetopollution.（回归课本P30）观察思考Icantputupwiththeseinsultsanymore.我不能再忍受这样的侮辱了。YouseewhatIhavetoputupwith!你看到我不得不忍受些什么了吧！Wehadtoputupwiththeinconvenience.我们不得不忍受这种不便。,putupwith,归纳总结putupwith意为：。（1）putacross解释；表达putaside节省；储蓄，储存putdown写下，记下；击败；平定putforward提出建议；把向前拨putoff延期，推迟puton穿上，戴上；演出putout熄灭；扑灭putthrough接通电话（2）keepupwith与保持一致；不落后catchupwith赶上，追上comeupwith赶上；提出,容忍，忍受,即学即用(1)我再也忍受不住牙痛，于是就去找牙科医生诊治。Nolongerbeingabletomytoothache,Iwenttoconsultadentist.(2)她知道如何把歌唱得传神。Sheknowshowto.(3)天黑下来了，他在山脚下的一棵大树下搭起帐篷准备过夜。Itwasbecomingdark,andheunderabigtreeatthefootofthehillforthenight.(4)史密斯先生把几块“禁止停车”的牌子挂在大门外边，但没有任何效果。Mr.Smithoutsidehisgate,butthishasnothadanyeffect.,putupwith,putasongacross,putupatent,hasputup“NoParking”signs,9.Thereisnodoubtthattheearthisbecomingwarmer(seeGraph1)andthatitishumanactivitythathascausedthisglobalwarmingratherthanarandombutnaturalphenomenon.毫无疑问，地球正变得更加暖和（见图表1），而且全球变暖是人为的，而不是随意的自然现象。典例体验youwillsucceedifyoutryyourbest.毫无疑问如果你尽最大努力你一定会成功。Americansaredeepinlovewiththecomputer.毫无疑问，美国人已深深爱上了电脑。,Thereisnodoubtthat,Thereisnodoubtthat,归纳总结在Thereis(have)nodoubt后常可跟引导的从句；在肯定句中，doubt后面有时可跟引导的从句。（1）在本句型中，that从句是同位语从句，表示doubt的内容。用法与Thereisachancethat.是一样的。doubt作为名词，若用在否定句或疑问句中，后面接that引导的同位语从句；若用在肯定句中，后面接whether引导的同位语从句。注意此时不可以用if替换whether。,that,whether,doubt作为动词，若用于否定句和疑问句中，后面接that引导的宾语从句；若用于肯定句中，后面一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句。（2）doubt组成的一些短语：indoubt怀疑；拿不定主意no/without/beyonddoubt无疑地，必定常用结构：Thereisno/someroomfordoubt.没有怀疑余地/有可疑处Thereisnoknowing/telling.没法知道/说,Thereisnoneed.没有必要Thereisnoquestion.没有问题Thereisnoreason.没有理由Thereisnopossibilitythat.是没有可能的Itisno/smallwonderthat/Nowonder(that).难怪Itisawonderthat.真奇怪/真是令人惊奇,即学即用(1)毫无疑问，他们在这件事上会同意你的。theywillagreewithyouonthismatter.(2)我相信他会成功的。Ihewillsucceed.(3)公共图书馆的前途难以预料。Thefutureofthepubliclibraryis.(4)萨莉确实是学校最优秀的游泳者之一。Sallywasoneofthefinestswimmersintheschool.,Thereisnodoubtthat,havenodoubtthat,indoubt,no/without/beyonddoubt,考题回扣【例1】Youmayusetheroomasyoulikeyoucleanitupafterwards.（北京高考）A.sofarasB.solongasC.incaseD.evenif解析句意为：你尽可随意使用这个房间，只要你过后打扫干净即可。sofaras远到；就而言；solongas只要；incase以防（万一）；evenif即使。课文原文ItisOKtoleaveanelectricalapplianceonyouareusingitifnot,turnitoff!,solongas,B,【例2】WhydoestheLakesmellterrible?Becauselargequantitiesofwater.（福建高考）A.havepollutedB.isbeingpollutedC.hasbeenpollutedD.havebeenpolluted解析largequantitiesof+n.作主语时，其谓语动词的单复数由quantity的形式来决定，故排除B、C两项。由句意可知此处表示“水被污染”，故用被动形式。课文原文Theproblembeginswhenweaddhugeextracarbondioxideintotheatmosphere.,quantities,of,D,【例3】Agreatpersonisalwaysputtingothersinterestshisown.（四川高考）A.belowB.aboveC.inD.on解析句意为:一个伟大的人总是把别人的利益置于自己的利益之上。A项意为“在下面；低于，劣于”；B项意为“在上面；高于，优于”；C项意为“在里面，在方面”；D项意为“在上面；关于”。课文原文Lookatthepictureandexplainittoyourpartner.,above,B,【例4】Mostairpollutioniscausedbytheburningoflikecoal,gasandoil.（天津高考）A.fuelsB.articlesC.goodsD.products解析coal,gasandoil均为“燃料(fuels)”。课文原文.theincreaseintheearthstemperatureisduetotheburningoffossillikecoal,naturalgasand.,fuels,A,【例5】Althoughbadlyhurtintheaccident,thedriverwasabletomakeaphonecall.（四川高考）A.stillB.evenC.alsoD.ever解析句意为：尽管在事故中受重伤，但司机还能打电话。although.yet/still.用以表达“尽管，但还是”，属于让步状语从句的范畴。课文原文However,Ithinkpeopleshouldadvocateimprovementsinthewayweuseenergytoday.,still,A,写作技能如何写好段落段落是文章的基本构成部分。它由若干个句子组成，说明一个中心思想，或者从一个角度对文章的主题进行阐述。作者应当按照一定的模式，对事物的某些基本特征展开叙写，决不是一组句子的任意堆砌。段落的结构(特别是议论文的段落)，大多由三部分组成：主题句、扩展句和结尾句。如下所示:,主题句(TopicSentence)扩展句(1、2、3)(SupportingDetails)结尾句(ConcludingSentence)1.主题句(TopicSentence)主题句或表明作者的观点态度，或指出作者的写作意图，或概括文章的内容，反映一段文章的中心思想，是段落发展的依据。因此，主题句写得妥帖是一段文章成功的关键。,段落,2.扩展句(SupportingDetails)段落的中心思想经主题句点出以后，接着就是一系列的扩展句，对主题句或举例说明，或详细解释。因此写扩展句时切忌写和主题无关的句子。3.结尾句(ConcludingSentence)顾名思义，结尾句就是用一句话将一段文章的内容进行归纳总结。因为文章的内容是说明主题句的，所以结尾句须和主题句相呼应，或者说是主题句的再现。但是结尾句还有引发读者对文章内容进一步肯定和认识的作用，因此其语气比起主题句来须更加中肯切要。,.品句填词1.Largeqofairconditionershavebeensoldsincethetemperatureishigh.2.Severalcarsareavailablewithinthispricer.3.Arainbowisanaturalp.4.Theaof4,5and9is6.5.Theplanreceivedwsupportthroughoutthecountry.,uantities,ange,henomenon,verage,idespread,自主检测,6.Women(趋向；往往会)tolivelongerthanmen.7.Wearemakingslowbut(稳步的)progress.8.I(扫视)upquicklytoseewhohadcomein.9.IknowIcantrustherinany(情况).10.Theresalotof（分歧）amongpoliticiansonthisissue.,tend,steady,glanced,circumstances,disagreement,.短语运用1.Therewereagoodmanyregulationsaboutbedandbathsandwashing.2.Abigfirebrokeoutlastnight;,thehousewascompletelydestroyed.3.Ifshecouldtheconditionsthere,wecouldtakeher.,buildup,makeadifference,solongas,onthewhole,putupwith,asaconsequence,comparewith,andsoon,comeabout,quantitiesof,andsoon,asa,consequence,putupwith,4.Theeventashehadpredictedit.5.foodwereonthetable.6.Theyweretheirmilitarystrengthforadriveagainsttheenemy.7.Yoursupportwillcertainlyinourcause.8.Youmayborrowthebookyoukeepitclean.9.Youhavemadeafewmistakes,butyouhavedonewell.10.manyotherwomen,shewasindeedveryfortunate.,cameabout,Quantitiesof,buildingup,makea,difference,solongas,onthe,whole,Comparedwith,.完成句子1.她再也不能忍受那家伙了。Shecouldhardlythatfellowanylonger.2.这个计划当然会对我的工作方式有影响。ThisschemewillcertainlytothewayIdomyjob.3.他们的争端导致了战争。Theirdisputeawar.4.他试图增强体质。Hetriedtohisstrength.,putupwith,makeadifference,resultedin,buildup,5.以前职工总是抱怨他们的工资、工作条件等等。Employeeswerealwayscomplainingabouttheirwages,theirworkingconditions,.6.我妹妹总是不停地问我问题。Myyoungersisteraskingmequestionafterquestion.7.毋庸置疑，这首新歌一定会非常流行。thatthenewsongwillbeextremelypopular.,andsoon,kepton,Thereisnodoubt,8.至多十个人能在这个帐篷里睡觉。cansleepinthistent.9.我只来得及浏览了一下报纸。Ionlyhadtimetothenewspapers.10.总的说来，这是个幸福的结合。，itsahappymarriage.,Uptotenpeople,glanceat,Onthewhole,.单项填空1.Gradeswouldfromoneortwo,foroutstandingorexcellent,tosixorseven,forpoororverypoor.A.sufferB.differC.comeD.range解析此题考查动词辨析。sufferfrom遭受；忍受；differfrom与不同；comefrom来自于；rangefromAtoB/rangebetweenAandB意为“在A和B之间变化或变动”。句意为：各年级分组将从一两个杰出或优秀的到六七个差的或者很差的。,D,2.Anumberofnewmachineswereintroducedfromabroad,anincreaseinproduction.A.resultedinB.toresultinC.resultinD.resultingin解析此题考查非谓语动词。这里考查现在分词作结果状语。不定式和现在分词都可以作结果状语，不定式表示意想不到的结果，而现在分词表示意料之中的结果。,D,3.Asmostoftheirhouseswerebadlydamagedaftertheearthquake,manypeoplehadtobeinastadium.A.putawayB.putupC.putoutD.putoff解析考查动词短语辨析。句意为：因为震后他们的房子多数被严重损坏，所以许多人不得不留宿在体育馆。putup在此表示“提供住宿”；putaway收拾；putout熄灭；putoff推迟。,B,4.Roselostherjobagain.Dontworry.Thereisworkforgirlsofherage.A.toomuchB.anumberofC.plentyofD.quantityof5.Thegirlshylyattheyoungfellowfrombehindhisfans.A.glancedB.glimpsedC.glaredD.stared,C,A,6.HisnewbookTheweddingceremonylastweek.Itssaidtobeacomedy.A.cameupB.cameoutC.cametoD.cameabout解析考查动词短语辨析。comeout出版，发行；comeup长出；（意见）被提出；cometo共计；说起；comeabout产生，发生。只有B项符合句意。,B,7.HowdoyoulikeyourtriptoHainan?,Ienjoyeditverymuch,althoughtheweatherwashotsometimes.A.InadditionB.OnthewholeC.InotherwordsD.Ontheotherhand解析onthewhole总的说来，与题意相符。inaddition此外；inotherwords换句话说；ontheotherhand另一方面，均与题意不符。,B,8.Oneoftheofourplanet