2015中考英语语法讲解课件-情态动词课件

情态动词,情态动词,魏县五中分校赵红莲,第一部分：基本知识,一、情态动词是什么？,动词的类别,行为动词,系动词,助动词,情态动词,能够独立做谓语,不能独立做谓语,掌握情态动词的定义：表示可能、怀疑、允诺、愿望、义务、必要、猜测等的动词是情态动词。,二、情态动词的基本句型,陈述句主+情态动词+v原疑问句情态动词+主+v原？考点：注意may,must疑问句的否定回答否定句-主+情态动词not+v原考点：注意hadbetter,need两种词性,oughtto的否定,三、常考的情态动词,can能;可能-couldmay可以-mightmust必须;一定need需要-非标准情态动词should-shallwould-willhadbetterusedto过去常常Wouldrather宁愿oughtto应当,第二部分：常考情态动词,的三个“能”,能力,乐意,可能,can,can与beableto的区别,Can是情态动词，不能独立做谓语beableto是系动词，能够独立做谓语,所有表示“意愿类题目”，都适用Can/Couldyougivemesomewater?,此时can与could相等,can与must的区别,Must肯定是（无否定）可能是,1.Hewill_finishitbyhimself.can/may/beableto/不填（多）2.canyougiveme_suggestion?another/other/theother/others3.She_runfast,butIcant.may/must/need/can,的两个意思,乐意,可能,may,may的回答,肯定回答一般是：Yes,please./Certainly./Sure等，否定回答一般是：Pleasedont./No，youcant/mustnt.,can多用于疑问句和否定句，表示怀疑或不相信等态度；而may则多用于陈述句（肯定），表示一种揣测。,can与may的区别,Hemayberight他可能对Hecantberight他不可能对,的两个意思,必须,肯定,must,must的否定回答,肯定回答：yes,must否定回答：no,youneednt/no,youdonthaveto,can多用于疑问句和否定句，表示怀疑或不相信等态度；Must表示推测时，不能用否定句,can与must的区别,Donthaveto不必-mustnt一定不能neednt不必must表必须有否定；表肯定，不能用否定句,Must的否定,Ididnthearthephone.Imusthavebeenasleep.我刚才没有听到电话，我想必是睡着了,的两个词性,情态动词,行为动词,need,Youneedntanswerthequestionnow.,Youdontneedotanswerthequestionnow.,Hadbetter最好,易错点：错误理解为had,或better否定解析：你最好立刻就做Youhadbetterdoitrightnow.你最好不要碰它Youhadbetternottouchit.,的三个辨析,Usedto,Beusedtodoing,Beusedtodo,usedto,过去常常（情态动词）,Heusedtogoshoppingonweekends.他过去常常周末去买东西,TheEnglishmanisntusedtodrivingontherightinChina.,某人习惯于(to是介词）,被动语态（to是不定式）,Pensareusedtowriteonpaper.,Wouldratherdo.thando宁愿做而不愿做,解析:宁愿而不愿，中考共三种表达方式1、prefertodo.ratherthando宁愿做而不愿做(动词词组)例:Iprefertoswimratherthanstayathome.我宁愿去跑步也不愿待在家里2、wouldratherdo.thando宁愿做而不愿做(动词词组)例:Iwouldratherswimthanstayathome.我宁愿去跑步也不愿待在家里3、prefertoIpreferdogstocats.相对于猫.我更喜欢狗.Wouldrather是情态动词，否定为wouldrathernotdo,第三部分：情态动词与助动词,Can与could的相同与不同,Can能力hesaid:“Icandothat.”乐意canIhelpyou?可能Itcanntberainy,Could能力,是can的过去式Hesaidthathecoulddothat.表乐意,could可独立一词.CouldIgowithyou?,(willwould;shallshould于此相似),Will只用于将来时,hewillcometomorrowshall,will用来征求对方意见，shall用于第一人称，will用于第二人称，用来表示意愿；shall用于第二、第三人称，will用于第一人称。,Would过去将来时，是will的过去式.Hesaidthathewouldcometomorrow.表乐意Wouldyoulike?虚拟语气,1.Thedoctorsuggestedthathe_themedicine3timesaday.多Take/took/takes/shouldtake解析Suggest/advicethat主+should+v原。考点:should省略；给时态迷惑2.Shewouldleavethecityiftherain_.Stops/wouldstop/stopped/stopping解析:1判断would-过去时，从句也用过去时2主句过去将来，if从句用一般过去3.Thepatientknewthathe_thewrongmdicine.take/took/takes/shouldtake,第四部分：真题解析与练习,1must和haveto【考例】-Mustwefinishgivingouttheposterstoday?-Yes,we_.Itcantbeputoffanylonger.太原市A.canB.mayC.must答案C。解析此题考查情态动词的用法。回答由must引起的一般疑问句，其肯定答语要用must，不能用can或may。故选C。-Ididntpassthemathtest.IthinkIhavespenttoomuchtimeplayingcomputergamesrecently.-Iagree.You_playlikethatanymore.河南省A.needntB.mustntC.maynotD.wouldnt答案B。解析此处选mustnt。表示“一定不能”“千万不能”，用较强的语气来提醒对方不能再玩游戏了。Whentrafficlightsarered.We_stopandwait.南京市A.mayB.canC.mustD.might.答案C。解析考查情态动词，must必须，表示禁止。,2can和could-CouldIborrowyourdictionary?-Ofcourseyou_.陕西省A.canB.mustC.shouldD.will答案A。解析上文的could并不表示过去，而只是一种委婉的说法，所以答语用can更礼貌些。-Listen!IsTomsingingintheclassroom?-No.It_beTom.HehasgonetoParis.长沙市A.maynotB.needntC.cant答案C。解析因为汤姆不在这里，所以不可能是他。一Mary，_youspeakChinese?一Yes，onlyalittle北京市AmustBneedCmayDcan答案D。解析考查情态动词，“玛丽，你会说英语吗?“是的，会一点”。故选D。can表示能够,1Schools_allowstudentsatleastonehouradayforsports.A.wouldB.mightC.shouldD.could答案C。解析此处用情态动词should的用法。should表示“应当应该”的含义比其他三个词更强些。2.Bob，mayI_yourMP4?一SureButyoudbetternot_ittoothersA.lend；lendBlend；borrowCborrow；borrowD.borrow；lend答案D。解析本题考查动词borrow和lend的区别.由语境可判断前者是借入，用borrow后者是借出，用lend。3.-Whataboutplayingfootballthisafternoon,Sam?-Iwouldrather_athomethan_football.Itstoohotoutside.A.stay;playingB.stay;playC.tostay;toplayD.tostay;playing答案：A。解析本题考查了wouldrather的固定短语的应用。WouldratherdoAthandoB和做B比起来，宁愿做A。,4.Heusedto_inthesun,butnowheisusedtoatnight.A.read,readB.reading,readC.read,readingD.reading,reading答案：C。解析考查固定结构的用法。Used后接动词不定时，beusedto后接动名词。故选C。5.You_doitifyoureallydontwantto.A.needntB.mustntC.cantD.couldnt答案A。解析考查情态动词。本题应由句意人手破解。如果你不想做的话，你“没有必要”做它，所以正确答案为A项。6.-MayIdotherestoftheworktomorrow?-Yea,ofcourse.You_finishittoday.A.mustB.mustntC.neednt答案C。解析思路分析：根据句意可知，neednt不必,7.You_betiredafterworkingforeighthourswithoutarest.A.canB.mayC.mustD.need答案C。解析本题考查情态动词must，can，may8need的区别。情态动词must在此表示肯定的推测。8.一LookattheboyrunningonthegroundIsitDavis?It_behimIsawhimgototheteachersofficejustnowAmustBcantCcouldDmight答案B。解析考查情态动词。表推测时否定句中用cant。表示“不可能”，因为他已经去了老师的办公室。,1._Iopenthewindow?Itshothere.A.MustB.ShallC.WillD.Would2.GoandaskMrLiu.He_tellyou.A.mayB.canC.wouldD.could3._youpleasetellmethetimeplease?A.ShallB.WillC.MayD.Might4._Itryoutalltheideas?No,you_.A.Must,mustntB.Need,needC.Must,donthavetoD.Must,dont5._IspeaktoMrGreen，please?A.WillB.CouldC.MustD.Would,B,A,B,C,B,课时训练,9.HesaidKate_cometotheparty.ButIdontthinkso.A.couldB.mightC.needD.must10.NeedIdomylessonsrightnow?Yes,you_.A.needB.canC.shouldD.must11.Wouldyouliketogoswimmingwithmethisafternoon?Idloveto.ButImafraidI_.Ihavetoomuchworktodo.A.cantB.mustntC.needntD.maynot12.Tomakeourcitymorebeautiful，rubbish_intotheriver.A.needntbethrownB.mustntbethrownC.cantthrowD.maynotthrow,B,D,A,B,课时训练,10.Dontworry!Wecangettothebusstationintimeand_theearlybus.A.dontmissB.canmissC.willmissD.wontmiss11.Pleasedontmakeanynoiseinthereadingroom._A.Sorry,Iwont.B.Sorry,Icant.C.Yes,Iwont.D.OK,Ididnt.12.MustIreturnyourdigitalcameratomorrow.Tina?No,you_.A