2016年最新定语从句

TheAttributiveClause,定语从句,定语是用来修饰名词，可以由形容词、分词、不定式、介词短语等来担任。(以分词、介词短语为例）例ThegirlbehindthetreeisKate.Themandrivingtoofastwasdrunk.,定语从句在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。例：IlikemusicthatIcandanceto.Carmenlikesmusicianswhoplaydifferentkindsofmusic.,在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句,Ilovemusicthatissweetandbeautiful.,先行词,关系词,定语从句,Ilovemusic.,Themusicissweetandbeautiful.,定语从句在句中作定语,用来修饰某个名词或代词,这个名词或代词叫先行词,而定语从句位于先行词的后面。用来引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。关系词分关系代词(that,which,who,whom,whose)和关系副词(when,where,why)。,关系代词如何引导定语从句普通代词与关系代词的区别Ihaveasister.SheworksinShanghai.代替sister普通代词：只起代替的作用（如上例she)Ihaveasisterwho/thatworksinShanghai.关系代词：（如上例who/which）,代替先行词;它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分;同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句.（把主句和从句连起来）,Thebuildingisourschool.Thebuildingstandsbytheriver.,关系代词的使用取决于先行词，它们的关系非常密切，因为关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的人称、数必须和先行词一致。,Thebuildingwhich/thatstandsbytheriverisourschool.先行词关系词定语从句,which/that是关系代词，它在从句中代替先行词thebuilding,同时担任从句中的主语，也起连词的作用，把两个简单句连接起来。,Thebuildingisourschool.Thebuildingstandsbytheriver.,关系代词的使用取决于先行词，它们的关系非常密切，因为关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的人称、数必须和先行词一致。,Thebuildingwhich/thatstandsbytheriverisourschool.先行词关系词定语从句,which/that是关系代词，它在从句中代替先行词thebuilding,同时担任从句中的主语，也起连词的作用，把两个简单句连接起来。,关系词判断步骤:首先，要看先行词。如果先行词是指人,关系代词可用who,that,whom,whose。如果先行词指物,关系代词可用which或that;,然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表,最后，定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致.注:定语从句的时态不受主句的限制。Thewomanwho/thatspokeatthemeetingyesterdayismymother.(主句)Thewomanismymother.(叙述客观事实用一般现在时)(从句)Thewoman(who/that)spokeatthemeetingyesterday.(句中yesterday表示过去时间),TheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.,TheboyisTom.Theboyhasaroundface.,TheboywhoissmilingisTom.(主语),TheboywhohasaroundfaceisTom.,TheboyisTom.Hesitsinfrontofme.,TheboywhositsinfrontofmeisTom.,Themaniskind.Everyonelikeshim.,Theman(who)everyonelikesiskind.(宾语),Thewomangotthejob.Wesawheronthestreet.,Thewoman(whom)wesawonthestreetgotthejob.,Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.Wemettheteacheryesterday.,Theteacher(whom)wemetyesterdaywillgiveusatalk.,whose是代词的所有格形式,它既可以代人也可以代物。,Pleaseshowmethebook.Itscoverisred.Pleaseshowmethebookwhosecoverisred.,Isawawoman.Herbagwasstolen.Isawawomanwhosebagwasstolen.,Thisisthehero(that/whom)weareproudof.Thisistheheroofwhomweareproud.,关系代词与介词:介词放在关系代词的前面时,介词宾语只能用which代物,用whom代人。(介词在末尾时,关系词可以省略),2)Theroom(that)Iliveinisverybig.Theroom(which)Iliveinisverybig.TheroominwhichIliveisverybig.TheroomwhereIliveisverybig.,注意:固定动介词组不可分割,介词不能提前.例如:lookafter,lookat,请用thatorwho并成一句1.Ilikemusic.Themusicisloudandexciting._2.Shelovesmovies.Themoviesareromantic._,Ilikemusicthatisloudandexciting.,Shelovesmoviesthatareromantic.,haveatry,Ex.I,3.Tonyhasagoodfriend.ThefriendcanspeakEnglishwell._4.Jimreadsbooks.ThebooksarewritteninEnglish._,TonyhasagoodfriendwhocanspeakEnglishwell.,haveatry,JimreadsbooksthatarewritteninEnglish.,Ex.I,5.Wehaveagoodteacher.Theteacherisverybeautiful._6.Ilovesongs.ZhouJielunsingsthesongs_,Wehaveagoodteacherwhoisverybeautiful,IlovesongsthatZhouJielunsings.,haveatry,Ex.I,定语从句中需注意事项有些情况下只用关系词that,而不宜用which1.从句所修饰的词又被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时Thisisthemostinterestingstory(that)Ihaveeverheard.Thefirstmeeting(that)wewilltakepartinwillbeheldintheafternoon.,2.先行词是something,nothing,anything等不定代词时Hereissomething(that)Iwilltellyou.3.先行词是oneof,theone,或用little,much,few,no,all,some,any,theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast作修饰时Isittheonethatyouwant?IhaventgotmuchthatIcanofferyou.,4.当主句已有疑问词who或which时，用that。Whoisthewomanthatwaspraisedatthemeeting?5.先行词既有人也有物时,只能用that。Icanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepictures(that)Isee.,关系副词,关系副词是用来引导定语从句的，它和关系代词一样,在从句中代替先行词,在句中作状语。,where:在从句中作地点状语,指代地点.when:在从句中作时间状语,指代时间。,1.Thehotelwasntclean.+Westayedatthehotel.,Thehotelwherewestayedwasntclean.Thehotelatwhichwestayedwasntclean.Thehotel(which)westayedatwasntclean.,2.Illneverforgettheday.IjoinedtheLeagueonthatday.IllneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheLeague.IllneverforgetthedayonwhichIjoinedtheLeague.,注意:在由that,who和which引导的定语从句中,当它们在从句中作主语时,都不可以省略；作宾语时,都可以省略。介词后面只能用which或whom,不能用that或who。,Letsdomoreexercise!,单项选择。1.Ilikesingers_writetheirownsongs.A.whoB.whatC.whenD.which2.Tomisthemanabout_Italkedyesterday.A.whyB.thatC.whomD.where3.Helikesthemovies_thathavemonsters.A./B.whichC.whoD.where4.Sheistheperson_hairisblack.A.thatB.whomC.whoD.whose5.Idonthavethebook_youneed.A.whoB.thatC.whenD.which,6.Thisbookisforthestudents_nativelanguageisntEnglish.A.thatB.ofwhomC.whoseD.whos7.Therobbersshouted,“Handsup!Illshootanyone_moves!”A.whomB.thatC.whoD.whose8.Thedictionary_hepaid50yuanforisveryuseful.A.whichB.forwhichC.onwhichD.aboutwhich,9.Theboy_parentsdiedtwoyearsagoliveswithhisgrandpanow.A.whoseB.whoC.hisD./10.Theman_issmokingisabusdriver.A.whomB.whoC.whichD.what,【2012广东】Therewillbeaflowershowinthepark_wevisitedlastweek.A.whoB.whenC.whatD.which【2012广西玉林】Nowmanypeoplesmokeandgetill.Soweshoulddosomething_canhelpstopsmoking.A.whatB.whoC./D.that,D,D,【2012湖北黄石】Istillrememberthetime_wespenttogetheratXisaiMountainlastyear.A.whenB.whatC.whoD.which【2012广东省梅州市】Mr.Smith_issmokingislookingfor_helostyesterday.A.whom;whichB.who;whatC.that;whoD.which;where,D,B,【2013哈尔滨】-DoyouknowofGuoMingyi?-Yes.Heisanordinary(普通的)worker_helpsmanypoorchildreninChina.Weshouldfollowhisexample.A.thatB.whichC.whom【2013湖北随州】Doyouknowtheman_isstandingatthedoor?Yes,I