高考复习——不定式.ppt

Infinitive动词不定式,真题再现,真题再现,知识梳理,知识梳理,Pickouttheinfinitivesinthesentencesandtelltheirfunctions.,HepretendedtobereadingattentivelywhenIcamein.ItisofgreathelpforustolearnEnglishwell.IdidntexpectMarytoinvitemetoherbirthdayparty.Shelistenstonewseverydaysoastofindoutwhatsgoingon.Thecartobeboughtisforhissisters.Theimportantthinginlifeistohaveagreataim,andthedeterminationtoattainit.,(宾语）,(主语）,(宾补）,(状语）,(定语）,(表语）,不定式可作主、宾、表、定、状、补语。起名词，形容词和副词的作用。,归纳,不定式,不定式在句中的作用,Itisnecessarytotellhimthetruth.,Totellhimthetruthisnecessary.,主语,练习,1.再次见到你真高兴。Itsgood/agreatpleasuretoseeyouagain.2.他们那样做是不明智的。Itisunwise_.,Itis+n/adj.(for/ofsb.)todo,Togiveupsmokingisright.,Itisrighttogiveupsmoking.,不定式的用法,ofthemtodolikethat,不定式在句中的作用,2.Ineedtoattendthemeeting.,宾语,练习,他们决定周末去野餐。,Theyhave_attheweekend.,Shewantstoseethenewmovie.,decide,/determine,learn,want,expect/hope/wish,refuse,manage,care,pretend,offer,promise,choose,plan,agree,ask/beg,help/afford,strive,happen,wait,threaten,他拒绝借给我自行车。,They_mehisbike.,不定式的用法,decidedtohaveapicnic,refusedtolend,V+todo(5+3P60),决心学会想希望,拒绝设法愿假装.学会答应选计划,同意请求帮一帮.,不定式在句中的作用,3.Haveyougotanyquestionstoask?Ihavenochairtositon.,练习,没什么可担心的。,Thereisnothingtoworryabout.,定语,Betty是第一个知道真相的人.,Bettywasthefirsttoknowthetruth.,不定式的用法,修饰抽象名词如：ability,answer,reply,chance,excuse,idea,moment,reason,time,promise,attempt,way等+todo(5+3P61),我没机会外出观光。,Ihavenochancetogosightseeing.,不定式在句中的作用,4.ThebestwaytolearnEnglishistomakefriendswithanativespeaker.,表语,练习,我的目标是考入北大。,她的梦想是当一名设计师。,Mygoalis_.,Herdreamis_.,不定式的用法,tobeadmittedtoBeijingUniversity,tobecomeadesigner,不定式在句中的作用,5.IdidntexpectMarytoinvitemetoherbirthdayparty.,宾补,练习,你可以让你姐姐帮你一下。,Youcanaskyoursistertohelpyou.,我总是劝他戒烟。,Ialwaysadvisehimtogiveupsmoking.,advise,allow,ask,beg,encourage,expect,forbid,force,get,invite,order,persuade,permit,prefer,tell,want,warn,wish,wouldlikesb.todo(5+3P62),不定式的用法,注意,有些动词后面的不定式不带to，如feel（一感）hear,listento（二听）make,have,let（三让）see,watch,notice,observe（四看）.,Iheardthemsingapopsong.Theteachermademeanswerthequestion.Wewatchedthemplayfootball.,不定式的用法,Practice,不定式在句中的作用,练习,我匆忙赶到汽车站，只是发现汽车刚刚离开。,Hesgonetotheofficetoaskquestions.,Ihurriedtothebusstop,onlytofindthebushadjustleft.,6.Shelistenstothenewseverydaysoastofindoutwhatsgoingon.,7.Iwasdisappointedtohearthenews.,状语,他去办公室问题了。,不定式的用法,动词不定式的时态,1.Iopenedthedoortoentertheroom.,2.Mr.Smithisgoingtoattendthemeetingtobeheldtomorrow.,.一般式(todo).,所表示的动作或状态与谓语动词同时或几乎同时发生，或之后发生。,不定式的用法,.进行式(tobedoing),1.Iamverygladtobeworkingwithyou.,2.Heissaidtobestudyingabroad.,不定式所表示的动作与谓语动作同时进行。,动词不定式的时态,不定式的用法,动词不定式的时态,.完成式（tohavedone),1.Iamsorrytohavekeptyouwaitingsolong.,2.YouseemedtohavereadthenovelwrittenbyMr.Smith.,不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前。,不定式的用法,动词不定式的语态,Nearlyhalfamillionpeoplearebelieved_theirhomesasaresultofthedisaster.ToleaveB.tobeleftC.TobeleavingD.tohaveleft2.Anarmyspokesmanstressedthatallthesoldiershadordered_clearwarningsbeforefiringanyshots.(2003上海)tohaveissuedB.beingissuedC.toissueD.tobeissued,不定式的使用,动词不定式的语态,.主动式(todo/tobedoing/tohavedone),WewanttolearnEnglishwell.Heisthefirststudenttohavegottheprize.Wedidntexpectyoutobewaitingforushere.Shewishedtohavebeenreadingasmuchastheothers.,当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的动作的执行者时.,不定式的使用,动词不定式的语态,.被动式(tobedone/tohavebeendone),1.Hedidntliketobelaughedat.,2.Thechairmanannouncedthemeetingtobestarted.3.Thenewsreportershurriedtotheairports,onlytobetoldthefilmstarhadleft.4.Doletyourmotherknowallthetruth.Sheappearstohavebeentoldeverything.,当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时.,不定式的用法,动词不定式的语态,1.Heclaimed_inthesuppermarketwhenhewasdoingshoppingyesterday.（上海98）beingbadlytreatedB.treatingbadlyC.tobetreatedbadlyD.tohavebeenbadlytreated.2.Thetransportationwillimprovealotinthiscity,withtwonewroads_inthenearfuture.A.toconstructB.beingconstructedC.tobeconstructedD.constructing,不定式的用法,不定式的其他用法,1.和疑问词连用,Itisusefultoknowhowtodrive.,Toknowhowtodriveisuseful.,你决定穿什么参加去参加面试了吗？Haveyoudecidedwhattoweartotheinterview?,没人告诉我在哪买票。Nobodytoldmewheretobuytheticket.,decide,discuss,explain,findout,learn,show,teach,tell,wonderwhether/what/who/how/where/whentodo,其他用法,2.和否定词连用,不定式的其他用法,Weturneddownthemusicinordernottodisturbtheneighbors.,nottodo,1.妈妈让他不要花太多的时间玩电脑游戏。MothertoldhimnottospendtoomuchtimeonPCgames.,2.他假装没看见我。Shepretendednottoseeme.,其他用法,1.不定式的完成和进行式,1.给你添了这么多麻烦，真对不起。Imsorrytohavebroughtyousomuchtrouble.2.我们没想到你已经请了他。Wedontexpectyoutohaveinvitedher.3.据报道他们正在这个地区修建另外一条铁路。Theyarereportedtobebuildinganotherrailwayacrosstheregion.4.我们很高兴这一段时间和你一起学习。Wearehappytohavebeenstudyingtogetherwithyou.,练习巩固,不定式的其他用法,2.不定式的被动形式,1.我被邀请到这里讲学，深感荣幸。Itisanhonourformetobeaskedtogivealecturehere.2.这个问题还有待解决。Theproblemremainstobesolved.3.每年有很多毕业生要求被派到最需要的地方工作。Alotofgraduatesasktobesenttoworkwheretheyaremostneededeveryyear.4.据报道，又有一所小学已经在汶川建成。AnotherprimaryschoolisreportedtohavebeenbuiltforChildreninWenchuan.,练习巩固,3.不定式在一些特殊句型中的运用：,tooto(TextbookP59.Ex.4)enoughto(P59.Ex.5)Itisadj.forsb.toItisadj.ofsb.toSb./Sth.issaid/reportedto,难点突破,4.动词不定式不带to的特殊情况：,(1)在介词but,except,besides,than前若有实义动词do时：Whatdoyouliketodobesidesswim?Hecoulddonothingexcept/butwait.Hedidnothingelsethanlaugh.Icouldhardlydolessthanlieinbed.Ididnomorethanfinishthework.,难点突破,(2)表示“只好,不得不”的but之后：(cant/couldnotbut,cant/couldnothelpbut,cantchoosebut)1)Itsraininghard.Icanthelpbutstayathome.2)Wecouldnotbutfacethereality.3)Icantchoosebutfinishthework.,4.动词不定式不带to的特殊情况：,难点突破,Homework,我没想到玛丽会邀请我参加她的生日晚会。你能告诉我如何到机场吗？那个书架太高了，我够不到。你会参加今天下午的会议吗？我今天早晨五点起床以便不错过第一趟车。他不是一个容易相处的人。你真好帮我复习英语。对不起让你久等了。,Homework,IdidntexpectMarytoinvitemetoherbirthdayparty.Canyoutellmehowtogettotheairport?Thebookshelfistoohighformetoreach.Areyougoingtoattendthemeetingtobeheldthisafternoon?Igotupatsixoclockthismorninginordernottomissthefirstbus.Apersonlikehimisdifficulttodealwith.ItsverykindofyoutohelpmewithmyEnglish.Imsorrytohavekeptyouwaitingyouforalongtime.,不定式的常用句型,tooto,P59-,enoughto,2.Thisteaistoohotformetodrink.3.Thebenchisntwideenoughfor3peopletositon.4.Thefencewastoohighforustoclimbover.5.Theblanketisntwarmenoughformetouseinwinter.6.ThecupboardwastooheavyforJamestomove.,Itisadj.forsb.to,不定式的常用句型,P59-,2.ItisnecessaryforMarytogotothedoctor.3.Itwasdisappointingforustofindthecinemaclosed.4.Itwasinterestingforhimtoreadthebook.,不定式的常用句型,比较：Itisadj.ofsb.to,1.Itsverykindofyoutohelpme.2.Itspoliteofhertosaythankyou.3.Itsrudeofhimtogetintotheofficewithoutknockingthedoor.,Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier_itmoredifficult.A.notmakeB.nottomakeC.notmakingD.donotmake2.Iveworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat_inmynewjob.A.expectedB.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expects,Practice,3.CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered_thefirstcomputer.,toinventB.inventingC.tohaveinventedC.havinginvented,4.Allenhadtocallataxibecausetheboxwas_tocarryallthewayhome.,muchtooheavyB.toomuchheavyC.heavytoomuchD.tooheavymuch,5.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim_.,A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donot