高二英语定语从句专题课件

TheAttributiveClause定语从句,在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句,定语从句有时也可以修饰一个句子。被定语从句所修饰的词叫“先行词”。形式：先行词+关系词+从句ThisisthebookthatIwant.,定义,关系词,关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose,as,关系副词:when,where,why,关系词,Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.ThebookthatIhavereadisverygood.TheboythatisreadingthebookisJim.ThegirlthatwesawyesterdayisLily.Theyplantedthetreeswhichdidntneedmuchwater.Thefishwhichweboughtwerenotfresh.,TheboywhobrokethewindowisJohn.ThepersonwhomyoujusttalkedtoisMr.Li.MissWangistheteacherwhosehousecaughtfirelastweek.Passmethebookwhosecoverisblack.,Passmethebook,ofwhichthecoverisblack.,关系代词的用法,关系代词在从句中可以：,何时可以省略？,关系代词的用法,关系代词在从句中可以：,何时可以省略？,做宾语时可以省略,Jointhefollowingsentences:Thebookisverygood.Ihavereadit.Thebookisverygood.Ihavereadthat/which.Thebookthat/whichIhavereadisverygood.,先行词和关系词的关系,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.ThegirlisMary.Wesawwhomyesterday.ThegirlwhomwesawyesterdayisMary.,先行词和关系词的关系,关系代词的用法练习,1.Theeggswerenotfresh.Iboughtthemyesterday.2.Thefriendwasnothungry.Hecametosupperlastnight.3.Helikesthecheese.Itcomesfromhisparentsfarm.4.Thenoodlesweredelicious.Youcookedthem.5.Idontlikethepeople.Theysmokealot.,Theeggs(that/which)Iboughtwerenotfresh.,Thefriendwho/thatcametosupperlastnightwasnothungry.,Helikesthecheesethat/whichcomesfromhisparentsfarm.,Thenoodles(which/that)youcookedweredelicious.,Idontlikethepeoplethat/whosmokealot.,介词+关系代词的情况1,Themanwhomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitywhichshelivesisfaraway.,to,in,介词+关系代词的情况2,Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.,to,in,Arethesetwosentencesright?,介词+关系代词的情况3,Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.,to,in,Arethesetwosentencesright?,可见,who、that不能用与介词之后,介词+关系代词的情况4,Isthisthewatchthatyouarelookingfor?TheoldmanwhomIamlookingafterisbetter.,在固定短语中介词不能提前,下面两句中的介词能提前吗?,关系副词when表示时间，作状语；where表示地点，作状语；why表示原因，作状语。,IstillrememberthedaywhenIcamehere.ThisisthehousewhereIlivedlastyear.Therearemanyreasonswhypeopleliketraveling.,Istillremembertheday.Icamehereontheday.替换ontheday，用when,定语从句为IstillrememberthedaywhenIcamehere.若只是替换theday,因为theday做的是on的宾语，所以用which,定语从句为IstillrememberthedayonwhichIcamehere.结论：在此句中可以用onwhich来替换when.,关系副词可变为“介词which”,IstillrememberthedaywhenIcamehere.ThisisthehousewhereIlivedlastyear.Therearemanyreasonswhypeopleliketraveling.应根据句子的意思选用合适的介词。,onwhich=when,inwhich=where,forwhich=why,当先行词虽然表示时间、地点或原因，而关系词在从句中作主语、宾语而不是状语时，不可用when,where或why,而应该用that或which。Ilikethecity_thereisabeautifullake.Ilikethecity_hasabeautifullake.,where,which/that,Thereason_hedidntcometoschoolyesterdayisthathewasill.Thereason_hegaveisnttrue.Iwillneverforgettheday_mysonwasborn.Iwillneverforgettheday_IspentwithChairmanMao.,why,which/that,when,which/that,1.Illneverforgetthedays_weworkedtogether.2.Illneverforgetthedays_wespenttogether.3.IwenttothetownIlivedtenyearsago.4.Iwenttotheplace_Ivisitedtenyearsago.5.Thisisthereason_hewaslate.6.Thisisthereason_hegave.,when,which/that,where,which/that,why,which/that,几种易混的情况,及物动词,及物动词,及物动词,定语从句分类,定语从句,TheRestrictiveAttributiveClause限制性定语从句：先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意义就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，写时不可用逗号分开。,TheNon-RestrictiveAttributiveClause非限制性定语从句：从句与主句的关系不十分密切，只是对先行词作些附加的说明，如果去掉，主句的意义仍然很清楚。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开，一般不用that,考点：连接词which的用法,Which引导非限定性定语从句，其先行词可是一个词,也可是整个主句或主句的某一部分。e.g.1.Sheheardaterriblenoise,_broughtherheartintohermouth.A.itB.whichC.thisD.that2.Theweatherturnedouttobegood,_wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it,B,B,as引导的定语从句,as具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如：asyouknow/asyousee/asweplanned/asweexpected等,as可以指人或物，也可以指代整个句子，常用于如：“suchas”，“asas”，“thesameas”等结构中,ThisisnotsuchabookasIexpected.Asanybodycansee,thisroadislikeasnake.,ThisisthesamebookasIlost.ThisisthesamebookthatIlost.,Pleasecompare:,这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。,这本书就是我丢的那本。,thesameas与thesamethat的异同,关系代词that与which的区别,用that而不用which的情况,1.先行词为不定代词all,much,little，everything,anything,nothing,none,few,one，any等IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?2.先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时，用that。ThisisthebestbookthatIveeverread.ThisisthefirstthingthatIwanttosay.,3.当先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,little,few,no,any等修饰时.ItistheonlythingthatIliketodo.4.当先行词包含了指人和物两方面的含义时。Theytalkedaboutthethingsandpersonsthattheyknewintheschool.,用that而不用which的情况,5.在疑问词who、which、what开头的句子中Whoisthemanthatspoketoyouatthegate?Whichisthestarthatisnearesttotheearth?,用that而不用which的情况,1.在非限制性定语从句中2.关系代词前有介词时ThisistheroominwhichLuXunlived.3.先行词本身是thatTheclockisthatwhichtellsthetime.钟表是告诉人们时间的。,用which而不用that的情况,引导非限制性定语从句时as与which的区别,as引导的从句可位于句首或句末，而which引导的从句，只可放在主句后面。Asanybodycansee,thisroadislikeasnake.Thisroadislikeasnake,asanybodycansee.Asas还有“正如”，“正象”之意，而which没有。,AsEngelspointedout,labourcreatedmanhimself.,Theclockstruckthirteen,whichmadeeveryonelaugh.,1.Hedidall/everything_hecouldtohelpme.2.Thisistheverything_Iamafter.3.Wetalkedaboutthemenandthethings_werememberedatschool.4.Heistheonlyman_candothework.5.Thisisthefirstthing_Iwanttosay.6.Heisthefinestman_Ihaveeverworkedwith.7.Whoistheman_spoketoyouatthegate.8.Whichisthestar_isnearesttotheearth.,that,which,that,that,that,that,that,that,that,that,that,which,whose,whom,9.Isthereanythingelse_youwanttosay?10.Anyperson_hasthemoneycanjointhegroup.11.Heoftenspeakstheroleheplayedintheplay,_madeothersupset.12.Themanto_Ispokeisafamousscientist.13.Theboy_motherisdeadwasbroughtupbyhisfath