高中英语必修一unit4黑体单词及短语讲解

Unit4,WordsandExpressions,1.rightaway立刻；马上,例句：警察马上就要来了。Thepolicewillbehererightaway.atonce立刻；马上rightnow现在；立刻immediatelyadv.立刻；马上,2.burstvi.(burst-burst-burst)爆裂；爆发,burstin/intoadoor/room/building突然进入门/房间/大楼,他没有敲门就突然进入房间.,Heburstintotheroomwithoutknockingatthedoor.,burstintosth.=burstoutdoing突然起来,Theplanecrashedandburstintoflames.,飞机坠毁起火了.,Allofthemburstoutlaughing/crying/singing.,他们全都突然笑起来/哭起来/唱起来.,=Allofthemburstintolaughter/tears/songs.,burstout+v-ing:suddenlybegindoingsth,扩展:burstintoleafbursintoflower,长出叶子,开花,n.aburstof.一阵.aburstoflaughter/thunder/applause(欢呼）,Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend.世界似乎到了末日。,3.asif=asthough好像,Shespoketomeasifsheknewme.她和我说话的神情，好像她早就认识我似的。,1)虚拟语气（说话者主观想象或夸大的比喻）与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去式与过去事实相反，从句要用完成式,Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifitwerebroken,当铅笔一部分放进水里，看起来好像折断了似的。,asif后的从句可用两种语气,2)陈述语气,时态一致,Itlooksasifitsgoingtorain,看样子天要下雨了。(陈述语气),（是事实或可能性很大）,他吓得直打哆嗦，就好像看见了鬼一样。Hewasshakingwithfrightasifhehadseenaghost.,4.atanend=finished结束，终结（作表语）Wewereveryhappywhentheworkwasatanend.Compare:attheendofbytheendofintheendattheendof“在尽头；在末”bytheendof“到/截止末”；主句一般用完成时intheend意思“最后、终于”=atlast/finally,Washyourhands_theexperiment.,HowmanyEnglishwordshadyoulearned_lastterm?,Hetriedvariousjobsand_becameateacher.,attheendof,bytheendof,intheend,bring/putanendto使终止,cometoanend结束,endupwith以.而告终,其他词组：,Thejobcametoanendlastmonth.她的忽然来到使他们的会议终止了。Hersuddenarrivalputanendtotheirmeeting.在宴会上，开始的一道菜通常是汤，最后的一道是水果。Atthedinnerweusuallybeginwithsoupandendupwithfruit.,ruinn.废墟；毁灭例句：我们看到了那座教堂的废墟。Wesawtheruinsofthechurch.Vt.毁灭；使破坏暴风雨毁坏了庄稼。Thestormruinedthecrops.,inruins荒芜的,成为废墟一般用作表语或状语,lie/beinruins成为废墟,Anearthquakeleftthewholetowninruins.Hiscareerisinruins.,6.injurevt.损害；伤害,他打篮球时膝盖受伤了。Heinjuredhiskneewhen(hewas)playingbasketball.撞车事故中有三人死亡，五人受伤。Threepeoplewerekilledandfiveinjuredinthecrash.injuryn.损害；伤害injuredadj.受伤的,7.destroyvt.破坏；毁坏；消灭,这场火灾毁坏了整个森林。Thefiredestroyedthewholeforest.他所有的希望都破灭了。Allhishopesweredestroyed.Thestorm_buildingsandcrops.（毁灭）,destroyed,8.shockn.休克；震惊；打击例句：他的突然去世对他的家庭来说是个沉重的打击。Hissuddendeathwasagreatshocktohisfamily.vt.使震惊使震动beshockedat对感到震惊,People_(shock).我们对这个消息感到震惊。,wereshocked,We_thenews.,wereshockedat,Thenewsis_(shock),shocking,表示情感的动词excite,surprise,interest,bore,move,shock,disappoint,satisfy,(惊讶，兴趣，乏味，感动，失望，满意）变为形容词时可加ing(指物）或加ed(指人）,9.rescue,n.搭救；解救;营救,Therescueteamreachedtheminesatonceaftertheaccidenthappened.,v.解救；救出；营救,Herescuedthemanfromdrowning.,rescueworkers=e/gotoonesrescue来援救某人,We_（来救他）andpulledhimoutofthelake.,cametohisrescue,10.trap,Vt.使陷入困境；使陷入圈套betrappedin被困于例句：他们被困于着火的楼里。To（doing）sth.诱使某人做某事例句：警察设圈套使他招供。Thepolicetrappedhimintoaconfession.n.圈套设圈套，设陷阱setatrapThehuntersetatraptocatchfoxes.,11.digout掘出；发现,他们挖出了一个旧花瓶。Theydugoutanoldvase.我设法探出真相。Itriedtodigoutthetruth.diginto挖掘digup找出；查明,8.bury,vt.埋葬;葬Theboyburiedthedeadbirdinthebackyard.男孩们把死鸟埋在后院。vt.使沉浸（或专心于）beburiedin=buryoneselfin埋头于;专心于beburiedinthought沉思buryoneselfinstudy埋头研究；专心学习,22