chemistry you need to know - eisenhower high school …：化学你需要知道艾森豪威尔高中…

Chapter 2: Antacids,Introductory Activity Part 1,Fill a film canister about half-full with room temperature water. Place about a quarter of a tablet of Alka-Seltzer in the canister and quickly push the top on. Stand back and observe. This is called an “Alka-Seltzer cannon.”In your lab group, brainstorm all of the chemistry involved in this process. What chemistry would you need to learn about to understand whats happening? Share your brainstorming with the class.,Introductory Activity Part 2,List everything you know about acids and bases. Where have you used them or come in contact with them in your life? Explain what you understand about antacids. Share your ideas with the class.,Antacids,This chapter will introduce the chemistry needed to understand how antacids workSection 2.1: Types of MatterSection 2.2: Naming ChemicalsSection 2.3: Writing FormulasSection 2.4: Acids & BasesSection 2.5: Characteristics of Acids & BasesSection 2.6: Chemical ReactionsSection 2.7: Balancing Chemical EquationsSection 2.8: Speeding up Chemical Reactions,Antacids,Mixture,Compounds,ChemicalFormulas,Collision Theory,Acids & Bases,Chemical Reactions,Balanced Chemical Equations,IntroAntacids,Why do we need antacids?,Your body needs hydrochloric acid to digest foodToo much acid causes heartburn, ulcers and can damage your esophagus,Antacids versus Acid Inhibitors,Acid Inhibitors,Antacids,Neutralizes the acid currently in your system,Control the amount of acid your body produces,There are two types of medicines you can use:,Work quickly but your body will make more acid again,Long-term solution, but needs to build up in your system to be most effective,Alka-Seltzer , Rolaids , Tums , Malox , Mylanta ,Tagamat , Zantac , Pepcid AC ,Is it fair when a commercial compares the fast action of an antacid to an acid inhibitor that takes up to 7 days to build up?,Section 2.1Types of Matter,Matter can be classified,Matter,MATTER = Anything that has mass and takes up spaceAll Matter is made from atomsExamples of matter:MoleculesCellsPeopleAirWater,Pure Substances versus Mixtures,Mixtures,Pure Substances,Every piece of matter is the same (constant composition),More than one type of matter mixed together (varied composition),Matter is classified as either a pure substance or a mixture,Elements versus Compounds,Compound,Elements,Every atom is the same type of atom,More than one type of atom chemically bonded together. Every molecule is the same.,Pure substances are either elements or compounds,Elements,Pure substanceEvery atom is the sameElements can be found on the periodic table!,Element,Single Atom,Cannot be separated (broken down) by chemical or physical processes!,Compounds,Pure substanceEvery molecule is the same,Compound,Single Molecule,Made of more than one type of atom bonded together,Can be separated by chemical reactions only,Mixtures,Heterogeneous,Homogeneous (aka “solution”),It looks the same throughout,Different matter can be seen (chunks, bubbles, floaties, layers, etc.),Mixtures can be classified as homogeneous or heterogeneous,Not a pure substancePhysical combination of more than 1 type of pure substance,Mixture,1 different type of matter,Can be separated chemically or physically,Mixture possibilities,Mixtures can be any combination of solids, liquids and gases:Solid-solid: Medicine tabletSolid-gas: Pop Rocks candySolid-liquid: Ice waterLiquid-liquid: Lemon water/Rubbing AlcoholGas-Liquid: Carbonated water (aka Pop)Gas-Gas: Air,True solutions, Colloids & Suspensions,Colloid,True Solution,Particles dont settle out and are too small to scatter light,Particles dont settle out but are large enough to scatter light,Suspension,Particles will settle out over time,Dissolved Particle Size Increases,Particles Scattering Light,If the dissolved particles are large enough to scatter light, we say it exhibits the “Tyndall Effect”,SolutionLight passes through unchanged,Colloids exhibit the Tyndall EffectLight is scattered by larger solute particles,Connect these concepts with Antacids,What type of matter do you think antacids are?Pure substance (Element or compound)Mixture (homogeneous or heterogeneous),Connect these concepts with Antacids,Antacids are mixtures.They contain active & inactive ingredientsWhat purposes could the inactive ingredients serve?,Connect these concepts with Antacids,Inactive ingredients mightAdd enough volume to make the pill able to be handeledAdd colorAdd flavorAllow the tablet to be compressed and formed,Lets Practice,Tin foil,Example:Determine if each is element, compound, homogeneous or heterogeneous mixtures,Copper pipe,Concrete,Carbon tetrac