主谓一致语法与练习题.ppt

主谓一致语法与练习题,主谓一致是指：,1）语法一致原则谓语动词与主语语法上的数取得一致，即主语中心词是复数，谓语动词用复数形式，主语中心词是单数或不可数名词，谓语动词就用单数形式。Thestudentisoperatingthecomputer.2）意义一致原则谓语动词与主语实际意义上取得一致，即谓语动词的数取决于主语中心词的单、复数意义，而不是它的单、复数形式。集合名词作主语时，若看作整体，则谓语动词用单数形式；若看作各个成员时，谓语动词用复数形式。Hisfamilyaremusiclovers.,一、就近一致原则谓语动词的数取决于最靠近它的主语的单、复数形式,Therebe;or;eitheror;neithernor;notonlybutalso;not(just)but,1.There_apen,aninkbottle,andsomebooksonit.There_somebowls,platesandaspoononit.A.is;areB.are;areC.are;isD.is;is,A,2.Eitherthejudgeorthelawyers_wrong.Eitheryouorhe_toblame.A.is;areB.are;isC.are;areD.is;is,B,二、就前一致原则谓语动词与前面的中心词一致,with;togetherwith;alongwith;but;except;besides;inadditionto;including;aswellas;ratherthannot;like;unlike;nolessthan,名词A+名词B，谓语动词与名词A一致。,1.Thegirlaswellashisparents_abike.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheprofessor_surprisedatMarysanswer.A.have;wasB.have;wereC.has;wasD.has;were,2.GrandpaWangandhistwograndsons_takingawalkintheparknow.GrandpaWang,togetherwithhistwograndsons,_takingawalkintheparknow.A.are;areB.is;areC.is;isD.are;is,3.NoonebutJane_thesecret.NobodybutMaryandI_intheclassroomatthattime.A.know;wasB.knows;wasC.know;wereD.knows;were,C,D,B,police;people;cattle,poultry;militia;vermin,1.Thepoliceman_standingatthestreetcorner.Thepolice_searchingforhim.A.are;isB.are;areC.is;areD.is;is,三、集体名词谓语动词用复数情况：,2.thereanypolicearound?A.AmB.IsC.AreD.Be,C,C,四、集体名词谓语动词用单数情况：,machinery;equipment;furniture;merchandise;clothing,五、集体名词谓语动词视具体情况而定：,family;team;class;group;population;audience;government;public;committee;crew;company;enemy;party;,如果作为一个整体看待，谓语用单数；,如果指集体里每一个成员，谓语用复数。,Hisfamily_allverywell.Hisfamily_a“fivegood”one.A.are;isB.is;isC.are;areD.is;are,A,Thepopulationoftheearth_increasingfast.Onethirdofthepopulationhere_workers.A.is;areB.is;isC.are;isD.are;are,Thefootballteambeingrecognized.Thefootballteamhavingbaths.,A,六、并列结构作主语时谓语用复数,Readingandwritingareveryimportant.,当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。,TheLeaguesecretaryandmonitoraskedtomakeaspeechatthemeeting.A.isB.wasC.areD.were,B,Thefatherandwriter_easy-going.(be),Allworkandnoplay_Jackadullboy.(make),Breadandbutter_westernfood.(be),七、单复数同形的词的主谓一致,sheep;deer;fish;Chinese;Japanese;means;works;crossroads;species;series;headquarters,当a/sucha/this/that修饰时，谓语用单数；当all/such/these/those修饰时，谓语用复数。,Chinese_notsodifficulttolearn.TheChinesepeople_braveandhardworking.A.is;isB.are;isC.is;areD.are;are,C,八、与后接名词或代词保持一致：,分数+of；百分数+of；someof;partof;halfof;alotof;lotsof;plentyof;mostof;therestof,+可数名词复数/不可数名词，谓语动词取决于后接名词或代词的数,1.Mostofthestudents_boys.Mostofhismoney_spentonbooks.A.are;isB.is;isC.are;areD.is;are,2.Onesixthofourclassmates_frompeasantfamilies.Onefifthofhertime_devotedtowriting.A.comes;isB.come;areC.come;isD.comes;are,3.Only10percentofthestudentsintheclass_Leaguemembers.About40%ofJimsincome_totherent(租金).A.are;goesB.are;goC.is;goesD.is;go,A,C,A,九、一些总是以复数形式出现，成双成对的事物的主谓一致情况：,trousers;shoes;glasses;gloves;shorts;scissors;scales;chopsticks;compasses,如单独出现，谓语用复数；如果前面有a/this/thatpairof修饰，谓语用单数。,Theglasses_mine.Thatpairofglasses_mybrothers.A.are;isB.are;areC.is;areD.is;is,A,十、如果主语是由“aseriesof,akindof,aportionof,apileof,apanelof,thekindof,thetypeof,arangeof,abunchof,asortof，apairof,apieceof等+名词”构成时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。,Thiskindofsnakes_verydangerous.Thesekindsofmetal_hardtofind.A.is;isB.are;isC.is;areD.are;are,若kind,sort,type之前的限定词是these,those,of后为复数，谓语用复数。,C,十一、主语由each,every,no等词修饰时，谓语用单数；即使用and,or连接多个并列主语，谓语动词也用单数。,each+n.andeach+n.every+n.andevery+n.no+n.andno+n.,谓语用单数,Everymanworkerandeverywomanworker_freemedicalcare.AtChristmaseachboyandeachgirl_givenapresent.A.enjoy;isB.enjoy;areC.enjoys;isD.enjoys;are,C,manyamorethanone,Manyaman_seenthewonderfulfilm.Manymen_seenthewonderfulfilm.A.has;hasB.has;haveC.have;hasD.have;have,+单数名词,谓语用单数,B,十二、以s结尾的名词的主谓一致,arms;clothes;contents;fireworks;goods;minutes;morals;remains;stairs;suburbs;thanks;wages,谓语用复数。,mathematics;physics;economics;gymnastics;thenews，谓语用单数。,Thenewsatsixoclock_nottrue.Thosepiecesofnews_tobebroadcasted.A.are;isB.are;areC.is;areD.is;is,C,Herclothes_nearlywornout.Hisphysics_weakerthanothers.A.is;isB.are;isC.is;areD.are;are,B,十三、主语是表示时间、距离、金钱、重量、度量、容量、数学运算等复数名词或短语时，通常当作一个整体概念，谓语用单数形式。,Fivehundreddollars_morethanhecanafford.A.isB.are,TheUnitedNations_tryingtopersuadethetwocountries.A.isB.are,Threekilometers_notalongdistance.A.isB.are,A,A,A,作主语的名词被thenumberof所修饰时，谓语用单数。主语是avarietyof,anumberof+名词复数，动词要用复数。,以-s结尾的姓氏作主语时，表示一家人，谓语用复数。,以-s结尾的山脉、瀑布、群岛、体育球队及乐队名称作主语时，谓语用复数。,TheBlacksarelivinginNewYork.TheBrowns_alsoinvited.(be),NiagaraFalls_verygrand.(be)TheBeatles_stillpopular.(be),主语为what从句时，谓语动词的数取决于从句的实际意义。Whathedoesisnotimportant.他做的事情并不重要。WhatIsayandthinkarenobusinessofyours.我说什么、想什么不关你事。,从句、动名词、动词不定式等作主语时，一般表示某一概念，谓语动词用单数形式。,Tosaysomething_onething,todoit_another.A.is;isB.are;are,ReadingEnglishmagazinesandnovels_helpfultoyourstudyofEnglish.A.isB.are,A,A,某些形容词，如poor,rich,old,young,good,bad,blind,deaf等加上定冠词the表示某一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式。,Thepoorareveryhappy,butthericharesad.,Thewoundedweretakentohospital.,Theyoung_fullofvigor.,在定语从句中，谓语动词的数取决于先行词的数：,在oneof+复数名词+定语从句结构中,定语从句中谓语动词的单、复数形式一般采用复数形式,但当one之前有theonly等限定词和修饰词语时,即采用单数形式。,Davidisoneofthoseboyswhogooutoftheirwaytobehelpful.,Davidistheonlyoneofthoseboyswhogoesoutofhiswaytobehelpful.,在强调句型中，谓语动词的数取决于被强调部分的数：,ItisIwhoamwrong.是我错了。,each做主语同位语时，谓语由主语来决定和each无关,Eachstudent_gotanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.Thestudentseach_adictionary.A.have;hasB.has;haveC.have;haveD.has;has,B,代词each和由every,some,no,any等构成的复合代词做主语；或主语中含有each,every,谓语需用单数。,morethanof,做主语时，谓语应与其后的名词或代词保持一致。,Morethan60%ofthestudentsfromthecity.(be),are,thefollowing做主语时，谓语动词的数与后面名词的数保持一致。,Thefollowinggoodexamples.(be),are,-ings结尾的名词，clippings(剪下物),diggings,earnings,filings(锉屑)，lodgings，surroundings,sweepings,谓语通常用复数。,两数相减或相除，谓语用单数；两数相加或相乘，动词可用单数，也可用复数。,Fortyminusfifteentwenty-five.(leave)Fortydividedbyeightfive.(be)Sevenandfivetwelve.(make)Fivetimeseightforty.(be),1.Anythingspecialintodaysnewspaper?-Yes.“Confidenceismostimportantthangold”byPremierWenasaheadlineinmanyoftodaysnewspapers.A.isusedB.areusedC.hasusedD.haveused,2.Eitheryouoroneofyourstudentstoattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.A.areB.isC.haveD.be,3.Dr.Smith,togetherwithhiswifeanddaughters,visitBeijingthissummer.A.isgoingtoB.aregoingtoC.wasgoingtoD.weregoingto,A,B,A,4.Max,alongwiththethreemen,torepresenttheunionatthemeeting.A.isB.areC.beD.tobe,5.Johnistheonlyoneofthestudentsintheclassthatneveramistakeevenwhenitispointedtohim.A.admitmakingB.admitsmakingC.admittomakeD.admitstomake,6.Thenumberofpeopleinvitefifty,butanumberofthemabsentfordifferentreasons.A.were;wasB.was;wasC.was;wereD.were;were,A,B,C,7.PersonallyIthinkitisthesalesmanager,ratherthanthesalesgirl,toblame.A.isB.thatisC.areD.w