高中非限制性定语从句详解

Non-restrictiveattributiveclauses非限制性定语从句,-赵老师,who/that,Whoishe?,*Theman_issittingthereisBradPitt.*ThemanshespeakstoisBradPitt.Theman_shespeaksisBradPitt.,towhom,who/whom/that/-,Whoisshe?,Cecilia,_tookweight-losspills,nowrealizesthathealthisimportant.Cecilia,_bodyisthin,stillwantstolosesomeweight（减肥）.,who,whose,限制性定语从句与先行词之间不用逗号隔开；非限制性定语从句与先行词之间一般用逗号隔开。,Mycousinwhosefatherisateacherwantstobeanactor.Mycousin,whosefatherisateacher,wantstobeanactor.,1.A.ThisistheplacewhereIlivedtenyearsago.B.Theschool,whereIoncestudied,wasbuiltthirtyyearsago.2.A.HeisamanwhoIcanaskforhelp.B.Hisfather,whoworksinBeijing,camebackyesterday,限制性定语从句和先行词关系密切，如果去掉从句，剩余部分意义不完整；非限制性定语从句只是先行词的附加说明，如果去掉从句，意义仍然完整。,1.Ihaveasisterwhoworksinahospital.,我有一位在医院工作的姐姐。,2.Ihaveasister,whoworksinahospital.,我有一位姐姐，她在医院工作。,3.Allthemagazinesherewhichhavebeautifulpicturesinthemwerewrittenbyhim.,里面有漂亮图画的那些杂志是他写的。,4.Allthemagazineshere,whichhavebeautifulpicturesinthem,werewrittenbyhim.,所有的杂志都是他写的，里面都有漂亮的图画。,有时同一个限制性从句变为非限制性从句会改变全句的意思,（不只一位姐姐）,（只有一位姐姐）,（杂志有带图画和不带图画两类）,（杂志只有一种）,Fillintheblankswithproperrelativewords.1.Thefamousbasketballstar,_isanAmerican,cametoChinayesterday.2.Inthosedays,sheusedtogotoMrblack,with_shehadawonderfultime.3.Iboughtacaryesterday,_costmealot.4.Xian,_Ivisitedlastyear,isaniceoldcity.5.HewillcometoseemenextJuly,_hewontbesobusy.6.Theschool,_Ioncestudied,wasbuiltthirtyyearsago.7.Johnsaidhedbeenworkingintheofficeforanhour,_wastrue.,who,whom,which,which,when,where,which,Arethesesentencesattributiveclauses?Hetoldmeastory,whichisalreadyknowntoall.Hecamelate,whichmadetheteacherangry.Hemissedthemovie,whichwasagreatpity.“which”canbeusedtoreferto_.,Heissuchacleverboy_cansolveallthequestions.Thisissuchaninterestingbook_interestsallstudents.Thisissodifficultaquestion_noonecanworkout.Heissopopularaperson_weallliketotalkwith.Iboughtthesamecar_heisdriving.,1.Heisahardworkingstudent,_weallknow.2.Hehaswonfirstprize,_weallexpected.3._wehoped,hecametohelpus.4._wasplanned,theworkwasfinishedontime.,“as”canbeusedtorefertoawholesentence.,Which和as引导非限制性定从时的用法区别：1.which引导的非限制性定从不能置于句首，而as非限定从可放在句首，句中或句末。,2.由as构成的常见搭配如：asweallknow,asisknowntoall,asissaidabove等表“正如”之意，而which不能。,3.As引导的从句在意义上一般不与主句意义相背离。,as引导的非限制性定语从句一些固定句型：1ashasbeensaidbefore如上所述2asmaybeimagined正如可以想象出来的那样3asiswellknown众所周知4aswasexpected正如预料的那样5ashasbeenalreadypointedout正如已经指出的那样6asweallcansee正如我们都会看到的那样,Eg.Asisknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsaroundtheearthonceeverymonth.,Asisoftenthecase(情况通常如此），wehaveworkedouttheplan.,Asisreportedinthenewspaper,talksbetweentwocountriesaremakingprogress.,Whatsthedifferencebetween“which”and“as”whentheyrefertoawholesentence?,Structure:“as”canbeusedinfrontofthesentenceAswasexpected,wewonthegame.Wewonthegame,aswasexpected.Meaning:“as”alwaysmeans:正如一样,Hemissedtheshow,whichwasagreatpity.Heinvitedmetodinner,whichmademehappy.,非限制性定语从句中关系代词which/as可指整个主句的意思或一部分意思。As引导的定语从句既可以位于句末，也可以位于句首或句中。Aseveryoneknows,Chinaisacountrywithalonghistory.正如大家所知，中国是一个有着悠久历史的国家。Sheisateacher,asisclearfromhermanner.她是位教师，这一点从她的举止可以清楚地看出。,Moreexamples,3。非限制性定从还能将整个主句作为先行词，对其进行修饰，这是从句谓语动词用第三人称单数。eg.HeseemsnottohavegraspedwhatImeant,whichgreatlyupsetsme.,eg.Liquidwaterchangestovapor,whichiscalledevaporation.,典型例题,Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantotheothers,_,ofcourse,madetheothersenvy(嫉妒)him.(2004,天津卷)A.whoB.thatC.whatD.which,D,CarolsaidtheworkwouldbedonebyOctober,_personally(就我个人而论)Idoubt(怀疑)verymuch.(1999)A.itB.thatC.whenD.which,D,关系代词：which/who/whom/whose/as关系副词：when/where(非限制性定语从句中不用关系词that；非限制性定语从句中关系词不能省略),非限制性定语从句中通常使用下列关系代词和副词,在ofwhich/whom之前可以使用表达数量或定位的数词或代词。,1.Iamdoingdifferenttypesofexercises,allof_arequitehelpfultomyhealth.2.Manypeople,someof_arenotoverweight,aregoingondiets.3.Thereare54studentsinmyclass,threeof_comefromUS.,Otherexamples,which,whom,whom,典型例题,Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear,80%_aresoldabroad.(2004,辽宁卷)A.ofwhichB.whichofC.ofthemD.ofthat,A,ItsthesameinChina-manypeople,someofwhomarenotoverweightatall,arealwaysgoingondietortakingweight-losspills,whichareoftendangerous.,Thebookwaswrittenin1946,_theeducationsystemhaswitnessedgreatchanges.AwhenBduringwhichCsincewhenDsincewhen,高考回放,TheEnglishplay_mystudentsactedattheNewYearspartywasagreatsuccess.(2004,全国卷I)A.forwhichB.atwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich,C,Thereweredirtymarksonhertrousers_shehadwipedherhands.(2004，全国卷II)A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that,A,1.Ihavemanyfriends,some_arebusinessmen.(2005，全国II卷)A.whyB.fromwhichC.whoofD.ofwhom,D,2Ifashophaschairs_womencanparktheirmen,womenwillspendmoretimeintheshop.(2005，上海卷)A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where,D,3Iwalkedinourgarden,_TomandJimweretyingabigsignontooneofthetrees.(2005,辽宁卷)A.whichB.whenC.whereD.that,C,4.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthatschool.Itisnolongerwhatitwas20yearsago,_itwassopoorlyequipped.(2005，安徽卷)A.whenB.whichC.whatD.that,A,5.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.（2005，浙江卷）A.whichB.thatC.thisD.it,A,Completethefollowingpassageswithwho,whose,which,where,orwhenIhaveagoodfriend,(1)_isreallythin.Twiceaweekhegoestothegym,(2)_heexercisesandliftsweights.Butthefactisthathesstillquitethin,(3)_makeshimunhappy.Nowheisthinkingabouttakingsomepills,(4)_hethinkswillmakehimbecomestronger.Doesanyoneknowifitssafetotakethesepills?,who,where,which,which,Ithinkgoingtoagymisagoodwaytokeephealthyandstrong.Ifyourfriendwantstobestronger,heshouldtrytogotheremoreoften.Yes,therearesomepillstomakeyoulookstrong.However,theyhavesideeffects,(5)_willdoharmtoyourhealth.Aftertakingthiskindofpillforsometime,yourfriendshairmightfalloutorhemighthavehealt