牛津高中英语模块一M1 U1 Grammar

Attributiveclause,什么是定语?,用来修饰名词或代词的单词、短语或句子。,1.Whatsyourname,please?2.Wehavesevenlessonsaday.3.Theblackpenishers.,4.Peopletherelikesports.5.ShelikesorangesimportedfromtheUSA.6.Haveyouseenthebookonthedesk?7.Theboyplayingoverthereismybrother.,指出下列句子中的定语,1.IlovedthelessonsthathegaveinEnglishliterature.2.AllmyclassmateswerefondofthecakethatImade.3.IntheArtclassthatItook,Imadeasmallsculpture.,什么是定语从句？,在英语中,修饰或限制一个名词或代词的从句就叫定语从句。,相关概念：先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。关系词：连接定语从句和主句，并在定语从句中代替先行词充当成分（主语、宾语、表语、定语以及状语）的词。,Intheattributiveclausestherelativewordsusuallyfunctionasthe:subject,object,predicative,attribute,adverbial.,Functions,Thetreesarebehindtheofficebuilding.Theyhavelosttheirleaves.,Subject,Thetreeswhicharebehindtheofficebuildinghavelosttheirleaves.,Themaniskind.Everyonelikeshim.Theman(who)everyonelikesiskind.,Object,Jackusedtobealazyboy.Heisnolongeralazyboy.Jackisnolongerthelazyboythatheusedtobe.,Predicative,Shehasabrother.Icantrememberhisname.ShehasabrotherwhosenameIcantremember.,Attribute,TheschoolisinShenzhen.Hestudiedintheschool.TheschoolwherehestudiedisinShenzhen.,Adverbial,Readtheparagraphinthetextbookandunderlinetheattributiveclausesyoufind.,Davidwasoneofthemosthelpfulstudentsthatweeverhad.In2004,hewenttoOxfordUniversitywherehebecameinterestedinChineseculture.SomeofthecitiesinChinawhichhelikesmostareBeijing,Shanghai,HarbinandNanjing.,Practice,4.Mostofthestudentswhomhetaughthavebecomehisfriends.5.SomeofthebooksweregiftsthathegotfromhisChinesefriendsandstudents.6.ThepaintingsthatDaviddonatedtotheschoolarebeingshownintheexhibitionroom.,关系词的作用,关系代词:,1.who指人,作主语或宾语,who(whom),TheprofessorwhovisitedourschoolyesterdayisfromCanada.,2.whom指人,作宾语,Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtojustnowisMr.Li.,用法,visitedourschoolyesterday,Italkedtojustnow,3.which指物，作主语或宾语,Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.,Theradio（which）heisusingismadeinJapan.,Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?,用法,wereplantedlastyear,heisusing,youborrowbooksfrom,4.that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）,Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.,Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.,Heistheman.Itoldyouabouthim.,Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.,用法,5.whose在定语从句中作定语，表示引导词与whose后的名词为所属关系。whose多指人，也可指物，指物时可与ofwhich(the)互换使用。,Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.,用法,Thisisthebook.Thecoverofthebookisblue.,关系词,关系代词,关系副词,that,which(先行词指物时),that,who(先行词指人时),that(先行词指“人物”时),when时间：状语,where地点；状语,why原因；状语,（在从句中做主、宾、表）,（在从句中做主、宾、表）,（在从句中做主、宾、表）,关系限定词,whose在从句中限定另一名词,关系词的分类：,ThenoodlesthatIcookedweredelicious.Theyplantedthetreeswhichdidntneedmuchwater.HarryistheboywhosemotherisourMathsteacher.Heisnotthemanwhomheusedtobe.Hewenttotheschoolwherehestudiedtenyearsago.,划出下列句子中的先行词和定语从句，并指出关系词在从句中充当的成分。,Theman_standsthereisTom.Thegirl_ImetisMsLi.Theboy_watchwaslostisTom.Thebook_liesonthedeskishis.Thepen_youboughtisgood.Themagazine_coverisredisnice.,who/that,(whom/that),whose,which/that,(which/that),whose,Exercise:,that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,一般用that而不用which。,Iamsureshehasnothingthatyoucanborrow.,Ivereadeverybookthatisborrowedfromthelibrary.,Thisisthefirstbookthathehasread.ThisisthemostinterestingbookthatIhaveeverread.,Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.,(1)先行词为all,everything,nothing,anything,little,mu