宾补常用的词

常考的“动词+宾语+宾补”结构,一、“make+宾语+宾补”的用法“make+宾语+宾补”这一结构中，宾语补足语可以由名词、形容词、过去分词、不定式等来充当，(1)我的老师有一种奇妙的方法使他的课生动有趣。Myteacherhasastrangewaytomakehisclasseslivelyandinteresting.（形容词作宾补）(2)他们让我复述故事。Theymademerepeatthestory.（省to的动词不定式）(3)他提高声音让他人听到他的声音。Heraisedhisvoicetomakehimselfheard.(过去分词作宾补)注：“make+宾语+宾补”结构中不用现在分词充当宾补。(4)Wemadehimmonitorofourclass.（名词作宾补）注：职务名词充当宾补时其前面不要加冠词。,【试题链接】,1.Heisverypopularamonghisstudentsashealwaystriestomakethem_inhislectures.AinterestedBinterestingCinterestDtointerest2.Myparentshavealwaysmademe_aboutmyself,evenwhenIwastwelve.AfeelingwellBfeelinggoodCfeelwellDfeelgood,A,D,1.Nothingwillmakeme_(change)mymind.2.Canyoumakeyourself_(understand)inEnglish?3.Theteachermakesit_(know)thattherewillbeatestnextweek.,change,understood,known,二、“with+宾语+宾补”的用法,with+n./pron.+doing+n./pron.+done+n./pron.+todo(宾语与宾补主动关系,表示动作在进行)(宾语与宾补被动关系,表示动作完成)有某事要做(时间表将来,动作由主语完成),1)随着时间的流逝，他妈妈的头发变白了。Withthetimegoingby,hismothershairturnedwhite.WithsomanypeoplecommunicatinginEnglisheveryday,itwillbecomemoreandmoreimportanttohaveagoodknowledgeofEnglish.(宾语somanypeople与communicate是主动关系，因此用现在分词作宾补)(2)由于他需要的每样东西要买，他走进商店。Witheverythingheneededtobuy,hewentintothestore.(不定式作宾补表示将来的含义)(3)由于他需要的每样东西都买了他离开了商店。Witheverythingheneededbought,heleftthestore.(过去分词作宾补表被动表完成),5)Withnothingtodo,Iwentoutforawalk.(不定式作宾补)(6)我父亲喜欢开着窗睡着。Myfatherlikestosleepwiththewindowopen.Iwentoutwiththewindowopen.(形容词作宾补)另外，“with+宾语+宾补”结构中还可由介词短语、副词短语来充当宾补，如：(1)Shesaidgood-byewithtearsinhereyes.(2)Helefttheroomwiththelightstillon.,【试题链接】1.-Comeon,pleasegivemesomeideasabouttheproject.-Sorry.Withsomuchwork_mymind,Ialmostbreakdown.AfilledBfillingCtofillDbeingfilled2.Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwithhiswork_hegladlyacceptedit.AfinishedBfinishingChavingfinishedDwasfinished3.Icouldntdomyhomeworkwithallthenoise_.AgoingonBgoesonCwentonDtogoon,B,A,A,4.Withlotsofproblems_(settle),thenewlyelectedpresidentwillhaveahardtime.A.settledB.settlingC.tosettleD.beingsettled,C,三.have用法,havesb.dosth.使/让/叫某人干某事(宾语与宾补主动关系)havesb./sth.doingsth.使/让某人/物持续地做某事(宾语与宾补主动关系,表示动作在进行);在否定句中,表示“不容忍,不允许”。havesth.done使/让某事由别人去做(宾语与宾补被动关系);使遭受,1.Illhave/getmybikerepairedtomorrow.我明天得(请人)修一下我的自行车。2.Tomhadhislegbrokenwhileplayingfootball.汤姆踢足球时,伤了腿。3.Theyhadthelightburningallnightlong.他们把灯亮了一整夜。4.Wewonthavesuchthingshappeningagain.我们不容忍此类事情再次发生。,have表示“有要做”,不定式在句中作定语。havesth.todo有某事要做(动作由主语完成)sth.tobedone有某事要做(动作非主语完成),5.妈妈有很多事要做,所以她让我去购物Mumhadlotsofworktodo,soshehadmegoshopping。6.我明天要去南京,你有东西要带给你儿子吗?IllgotoNanjingtomorrow.Doyouhaveanythingtobetakentoyourson?,四.Get用法,getsb.todosth.=havesb.dosth.使/让/叫某人干某事(宾语与宾补主动关系)getsb./sth.doing使某人/某物开始行动起来getsth.done=havesth.done使/让某事由别人去做(宾语与宾补被动关系);注意无“havesth.done”句型的“使遭受”之意。,1.汤姆让姐姐帮他做家庭作业.Tomgothissistertohelphimwithhishomework.2.车坏了,你能使车再走起来吗?Thecarbrokedown.Canyougetitgoingagain?抱歉,我想我们必须送去修一下。Sorry.Ithinkwellhavetogetitrepaired.,五.Keep用法,keepsb.doingsth.让某人继续在做某事(宾语与宾补主动关系,表示动作在进行)keepsth.done让某事完成(宾语与宾补被动关系,表示动作完成)Keep+sth+adj注意:keepsb.fromdoingsth.=prevent/stopsb.(from)doingsth.意为阻止某人做某事;特别强调的是在“keepsb.fromdoingsth.”句型中from不可省略。,1.Shekeptme_(wait)forhalfanhour.2.Youdbetterkeepyoureyes_(open)andyourmouth_(close).3.Somethinghasbeendonetokeepthewaterfrom_(pollute).,waiting,open,closed,beingpolluted,六.find+宾语+宾补”这一结构中的宾语补足语可以由现在分词、过去分词、名词、形容词、副词、介词短语以及不定式tobe等来充当1)Youwillfinditaverydifficultbook.(2)Whenhecametohimself,hefoundhimselfsurroundedbyagroupofboys.(3)Ihopetofindyouinbetterspiritswhenwemeetagain.4)IfindtheChinesepeopletobehappyandcheerful.5)Onthewayhome,Ifoundanoldmanknockeddownbyacarandlyingontheground.6)Ifoundhimweak.注意：find+宾语+宾补这一结构中通常不使用动词原形来充当宾语补足语，即没有“find+宾语+动词原形”这样的结构。,【试题链接】Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound_inthekitchen.(03全国卷)AsmokeBsmokingCtosmokeDsmoked,B,七.leave后接过去分词、现在分词、形容词、介词的复合结构等来充当,1.leavesth/sbdone，常用来表示宾语所处的状态或表示动作已经完成。(1)Hegotupslowlyleavingthelunchunfinished.可用于被动语态：Thequestioncanbeleftunanswered.,2.leavesb/sthdoing,常用来表示使某人或某物一直做某事：(1)不要让她在外面雨中等着。Dontleaveherwaitingoutsideintherain.被动语态：Shewasleftwaitingoutsideintherain.(2)他们一同离开了,留下我独自坐在那里。Theywentofftogetherandleftmesittingthere.,.3.leave+宾语+宾补（adj.）：(1)你最好让窗户开着。Youdbetterleavethewindowopen.被动语态：Thewindowwasleftopen(2)他的病使他虚弱。Hisillnesshaslefthimweak.,4.leave+宾语+宾补（介短）(1)把他留在家里。Leavehimathome.,【试题链接】Agoodstorydoesnotnecessarilyhavetohaveahappyending,butthereadermustnotbeleft_.AunsatisfiedBunsatisfyingCtobeunsatisfyingDbeingunsatisfied答案：A好故事不必一定有圆满结局,但一定不能让读者不满意.过去分词,这里也可以看成是一个形容词,另一种解释unsatisfied,过去分词指人.unsatisfying现在分词指物:令人满意的东西.,八:sb.bebesaid/believed/known/reported/announced/thought等+todo+tobedoing+tohavedone”。.,不定式的一般式(不定式所表示的动作,通常与主要谓语所表示的动作或状态同时或在它之后发生)、不定式的进行式(主要谓语表示的动作发生时,不定式表示的动作正在进行)及不定式的完成式(不定式所表示的动作在主要谓语所表示的动作或状态之前发生)。,1.IsBobstillperforming?Imafraidnot.Heissaid_thestagealreadyashehasbecomeanofficial.A.tohaveleftB.toleaveC.tohavebeenleftD.tobeleft2.Thefluisbelieved_byvirusesthatliketoreproduceinthecellsinsidethehumannoseandthroat.A.causingB.beingcausedC.tobecausedD.tohavecaused3.Policearenowsearchingforawomanwhoisreportedto()sincethefloodhitthearealastFriday.A.havebeenmissingB.havegotlostC.bemissingD.getlost,A,C,A,九.see,lookat,watch,notice,observe(5看);hear,listento(2听);feel(1感觉),+现在分词、不带to的不定式、过去分词等来充当，如：ThroughthewallhecouldhearMarycleaningherteethHaveyoueverheardapopsongsunginJapanese?wonthearanythingsaidagainsthimbehindhisback.,【试题链接】Afteraknockatthedoor,thechildheardhismothersvoice_him.AcallingBcalledCbeingcalledDtocall答案：A。,昨天，杰瑞在上学的路上自行车坏了，他请人修理。他匆匆忙忙赶到学校，发现校门已锁，只好请求门卫开门。由于迟到，老师要他一直站着听课并写一篇作文。放学后，由于要写作文，他不得不留下来。,Yesterday,Jerrysbicyclew