大学英语四级考试__提纲式作文写作

四级写作,-提纲式命题作文,Sample,Inmodernworld,theeconomyisdevelopingfastandthepopulationisalsogrowingveryfast.Butdoyouknowourearthshealthybecometerriblenow?Asayouthofthe21stcentury,whatshouldIdotoprotectourearth?Rapidly,increasing,isbecoming,Directions:Inthissection,youareaskedtowriteacompositionentitledShouldpeopleowncarsornot?Yourcompositionshouldbebasedontheoutlinegivenbelow.Yourcompositionshouldbeatleast120words.Outline:1、有人赞成个人买车。2、也有人持相反观点。3、你的看法。ShouldPeopleOwnCarsorNot?,ShouldPeopleownCarsornot?,Nowhavingacarismoreandmorepopular,somanyfamilyswanttobuyacar.Theythinkitsuseful.Someyoungsthinkitscool,andmanypeoplethinkitsconvenentwhentheyhaveaprivatecar.Theydontneedtowaitthecrowdedbus/sotheycangotoworkontime.Itssavethetime.Andtheyalsocandrivethecargowherevertheywantto.Afamilycanhaveatraveltogethter.Itscomfortable.Inaword,theycanimprovethequalityoftheirlifewithacar.Especiallytheincreasingofprivatecarcanpromotetheeconomic.Itcanleadthedevelopmentofmanyindustries.Itsgoodforourcountrysdeveloping.,四级作文评分原则及标准,14分漂漂亮亮：切题，表达思想清楚，文字连贯，连贯性好，基本上语言无误。11分清清楚楚：切题，表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误。8分马马虎虎：基本切题，有些地方表达思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯，语言错误相当多，其中一些是严重错误。5分糊里糊涂：基本切题，表达思想不清楚，连贯性差，有较多的严重语法错误。2分一塌糊涂：条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎，或大部分句子都有错误，且多数为严重错误。,Praise,AnImportantGiftSomepeoplethinkthatcritismcanchangeonesviewoflife.However,manypeoplearguethatpraiseismoreimportant.Inmyopinion,praiseismoreprofitablethancritism.Praiseislikefreshair,withoutit,ourlifewillbecomeuninterestingandinhappy.Givingpraisedoesnotcostthegiveralot,but,thereceivercanlearnmuch.Therearemanypeoplewhosucceedatlastwithapraise,Takemyselfforexample.Thoughithappenedalongtimeago,Irememberitclearly.ItwasasportsmeetingandIattendit.Atfirst,IwasveryconfidentandthoughtIwasthebestofthem,soIhadnotraining.Thetruthwas,duringtherace,manystudentsleftmebehind.ThenIwanttogiveupandwasfrustrated.Fortunately,myPEteachercameandpattedonmyback:”Aslongasyousticktocontinue,successwillbelongtoyou.Ibelieveyou,comeon!”Hesaidwithasmile.Youknow,Iimproveddramaticallyandwontheprize.So,praiseisanimportantgift.,写作对策,内容是否紧扣主题，涵盖提示要点作文结构层次是否清晰语言表达是否流畅，有无重大语病，有无逻辑错误是否能恰当的使用过渡性词语作文字数是否达到要求卷面是否整洁，书写是否漂亮,写作体裁,议论文说明文记叙文,议论文开头常用句式,Recently,theproblemofhasarousedpeoplesconcern.hasbeenplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinourdailylife.Ithasbroughtalotofbenefitsbuthascreatedsomeseriousproblemsaswell.Nowadays,hasbecomeaproblemwehavetoface.Itiscommonlybelievedthat/ItisacommonbeliefthatManypeopleinsistthatWiththedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,moreandmorepeoplebelievethatAlotofpeopleseemtothinkthat,议论文结尾常用句式,Takingallthesefactorsintoconsideration,wefinallycometotheconclusionthatTakingintoaccountallthesefactors,wemayreasonablycometotheconclusionthatHence/Therefore,wedbetterarriveattheconclusionthatThereisnodoubtthat(job-hopping)hasitsdrawbacksaswellasmerits.Allinall,wecannotlivewithoutButatthesametime,wemusttrytofindoutnewwaystocopewiththeproblemsthatwouldarise.,写作类型,提问子类观点类对立观点观点类事物性质利弊子类批驳类办法类原因类,提问子类,ShouldCollegeMarriagebepermitted?1关于是否允许大学生结婚的讨论在校园里兴起2我对这一现象的看法,Anationaldebatehassprunguponwhethercollegemarriageshouldbepermitted.Manypeoplestronglyopposethepermissionofcollegemarriage.Theyholdthatthechieftaskforcollegestudentsistostudy,andmarriagewilldistracttheirattentionandoccupyalotoftime.Moreover,studentsarenoteconomicallyindependent,somarriagewillcausealotofproblemssuchasfuturejobhuntingandhousing.Inaword,theybelievemarriagewilllargelyhinderbothpresentstudyandfuturework.,Frommyperspective,Ithinkcollegemarriageshouldbepermittedbutbepracticedwithextremecare.Foronething,therightofcollegestudentsshouldberespected,astheyareadults.Foranother,therestrictionontheageofstudentswasdoneawaywithin2001,andmanyelderstudentsattenduniversities.Lastbutnottheleast,thetimeincollegeissopreciousthateverystudentwillthinktwicebeforetheygetmarried.Undoubtedly,fewstudentswillevergetmarriedaftercollegemarriageispermitted,buttheauthorityshouldgrantthemtheright.,观点类对立观点,MyViewonOpportunity1有的人认为机会是极少的，另一些人则认为人人都会有某种机会。2我的看法3结论,MyViewonOpportunity,Whenitcomestoopportunity,peoplesopinionsdiffer.Somepeoplethinkthattherearefewopportunitiesintheworld,whileothersarguethateverybodywillhavesomekindofopportunityalonghisliferoute.,AsfarasIamconcerned,Iagreewiththelatteropinion.Foronething,Ifirmlybelieveopportunitiesareeverywherearoundus.Nopersonwillbeunluckyenoughtohavenoopportunitiesallthetime,becauseeverydoghashisday”.Foranother,sinceopportunitiesaretransient,wehavetomakegoodpreparationsandimproveourselves.JustthinkofNewton,whodiscoveredtheLawofGravitationwhenmanypeoplehadwatchedanapplefallingaheadofthem.,Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wemayreasonablydrawtheconclusionthattherearequiteafewopportunitiesaroundus.Onlyifwegetpreparedcanweseizetheopportunitiesinsteadoflettingthemslipby,justasanoldsayinggoes,opportunitiesareonlyforthepreparedminds”.,观点类事物性质,MyViewonDoubleBADegree1现在大学生读双学位的现象很常见2我对这一现象的看法,MyViewonDoubleBADegree,Recentlyithasbecomeacommonphenomenonforcollegestudentstohavetwomajorsatthesametime.Inthisway,theycangetdoubleBAdegreeswhentheygraduatefromtheuniversityseveralyearslater.,Althoughitmaybringunfavorableconsequences,wecanbesuretoconcludethatthispracticeisfavorableonthewhole.Tobeginwith,moststudentswillbecomemorehardworkingandefficientinordertofinishthelearningtaskssatisfactorily.Moreover,withtwodegreesathandaftergraduation,theywillstandabetterchanceinthejobmarketfulloffiercecompetition.Inthethirdplace,asfortodaysuniversitystudents,tuitionandfeesarebecomingmoreandmoreexpensive.Iftheycanmakeachievementsinstudyatschoolandfindasatisfactoryjobafterwards,itwillnotbeabigproblem.,Weighingtheprosandconsofsuchanewtrend,wecannaturallyarriveattheconclusionthatitisbeneficialandrewarding.Thissystemnotonlycompelsstudentstoworkhard,butalsopreparesthemforthecomingcompetition.,认为，主张,argue,maintain,hold,believe,考虑,takeintoconsideration,consider,thinkover,reflecton,认为，思考，考虑,think,下结论，断定,cometotheconclusion,arriveattheconclusion,conclude,decide,assert,断定,judge,获得,acquire,obtain,attain,reap,赢得，取得,earn,gain,得到,get,支持，赞成,approveof,infavorof,standbyonesside,agreewith,提倡,advocate,recommend,支持,support,利弊子类,TheGoldenWeek1黄金周给大学生带来的好处2黄金周给大学生带来的弊端3我应当怎样过好黄金周,TheGoldenWeek,ThegoldenweekNationalDayholidayhasbroughtalotofbenefitstocollegestudentseversincethebeginning.First,itgivesstudentstimetotakearestaftermonthsofhardwork.Second,theycanconductsocialactivitiestocombinebookknowledgewithpractice.Third,theycanalsousethispreciousweektomakeprogressinstudyorcarryoutspecializedresearch.,Thoughitdoesgoodtocollegestudentsinmanyways,thegoldenweekcannevertobesaidtobringnoproblems.Foronething,manystudentseatandsleeptoomuchduringthevacation,whichareharmfultotheirhealth.Foranother,quiteafewstudentsspendtoomuchtimeplayingvideogamesorgoingsightseeing.Howcantheymakeprogressintheirstudyiftheydonotcherishtimeatall?,Inordertomakegooduseofthegoldenweek,Iformthehabitofmakingaconcreteplanbeforeitcomes.Ontheonehand,Ialwayssetasideenoughtimeforreviewinglessonsandreadingrelevantliterature.Ontheotherhand,IusuallygotowatchamovieandlistentoaconcertattheGrandOpera.Bycarefullyplanningmytime,Iamconfidenttospendameaningfulgoldenweek.,反对,oppose,objectto,抵制,resist,反对,saynoto,意义深远的,far-reaching,profound,significant,重要的,important,充分运用,optimize,makebest/fulluseof,使用,employ,utilize,使用,use,好处，优点,advantage,merit,benefit,坏处，缺点,disadvantage,defect,flaw,drawback,deficiency,好处,goodside,重要的，有决定性的,vital,crucial,critical,decisive,应用,apply,坏处,badside,批驳类,MyViewonTeenagersStudyingAbroad1现在有很多青少年出国留学2有些人认为这种做法是有益的3我认为这种观点是不对的,MyViewonTeenagersStudyingAbroad,Recentlyitseemsthatamongthestudentswhochoosetostudyabroad,therearemoreandmoreteenagerswhostudyinhighschoolsorevenelementaryschools.Manypeople,especiallytheparents,thinkitwillcertainlydogoodtotheirchildrenbecausetheindependentlifewillmakethemlearnconfidenceandperseverance.Moreover,thequalityofoverseaseducationisoftenhigher,thusthechildstandsabetterchanceofenteringabetteruniversityandgettingabetterjobinthefuture.,Aftercarefulconsideration,Ihavetosaytheaboveviewismorethanbiased.Ontheonehand,earlyindependentlifeisnotnecessarilygood,ifthechildcannotreceiveproperguidanceandtendercarefrombothteachersandparents.Ontheotherhand,theeducationalqualityisalsoaquestiontoomanyforeignschoolsaimatearningmoney.Whenthechildrencomeback,whocanguaranteethattheycanadapttothefiercecompetitionhere?,Wecanseeclearlythatalthoughteenagersstudyingabroadmaybringfavorableresults,therearestillalottoworryabout.Itseemsnecessaryforyoungstudentstomakeacarefulinvestigationbeforegoingabroad.,把看做，当做,regardas,consideras,lookonas,treatas,viewas,把看做，当做,seeas,全面的，彻底的,utter,thorough,完全的,complete,起作用,解释,难以置信的，惊人的,playarole,perform,function,serve,playapart,解释,explain,accountfor,illustrate,clarify,fantastic,incredible,unbelievable,exceptional,extraordinary,marvelous,amazing,astonishing,起作用,work,惊人的，极好的,great,surprising,办法类(个人问题),HowtoSucceedinaJobInterview1面试在求职过程中的作用2取得面试成功的因素：仪表、举止谈吐、能力、专业知识、自信、实事求是,HowtoSucceedinaJobInterview,Ajobinterviewisvitaltothejob-huntingprocessinthatifyouaresuccessfulinit,youstandagoodchanceoffinalobtainingtheidealjob.Thenhowcanwesucceedinjobinterview?,Inthefirstplace,youshoulddressandbehaveproperlyinordertoleaveagoodfirstimpressionontheinterviewer.Inthesecondplace,whenitcomestotalking,youshouldspeakofyourexpertiseandspecialabilitiesclearlyandhonestly.Whatsmore,self-confidenceisalsoanimportantfactor,tellingtheinterviewerthatyouwillfacethechallengewheneveryouencounterdifficulties.,Youwillsucceedinajobinterviewaslongasyouputtheaboveprinciplesintopractice.Asaresult,youwillprobablyobtainthejobyouhavebeendreamingof.,勤奋的，勤勉的,diligent,industrious,勤奋的,hardworking,认真的，谨慎的,conscientious,cautious,认真的,careful,serious,冷静的，清醒地,sober,reasonable,sensible,rational,聪明的,bright,intelligent,wise,brilliant,平静的,calm,适应,beadaptedto,beaccustomedto,beadjustedto,集中精力于,focuson,centeron,concentrateon,聪明的,clever,适应,beusedto,专心于,setonesmindon,注意,Payonesattentionto,原因类,HarmfulnessofFakeCommodities1.目前社会上有不少假冒伪劣商品(fakecommodities)。为什么会有这种现象?2.举例说明假冒伪劣商品对消费者个人、社会等的危害。,Nowadaysalotoffakecommoditiesfloodintothemarketanddogreatharmtotheconsumersandthewholesociety.Whyaretheresomanyfakecommodities?Thefirstreason,inmymind,isthatsomepeopledreamofearningalargesumofmoneyeasilyandquickly.Furthermore,thegeneralsocialatmosphereissomewhatunhealthy-manypeopleattachgreatimportancetomoneyinsteadofhonesty.Lastbutnotleast,somegovernmentofficialsarenotdoingtheirjobs.,HarmfulnessofFakeCommodities,Theharmfulnessoffakecommoditieshasbecomemorethanobviousatthemoment.Firstofall,Theconsumersarethedirectvictims,theyspendmoneybuyingunqualifiedandevenuselessproducts.Inthesecondplace,theauthenticproducersalsosuffergreatloss.Thirdly,fakecommoditiesmayevenbedangeroussometimes,suchasfakefoodandmedicine,whichareathreattopeopleshealth.Consequently,itishightimethatwemadegreateffortstoputanendtofakecommodities.,如何写好英语说明文？,审题（what,towhom,how,etc.）开好头写好主题句注意行文的统一性和连贯性注意说明方法的选择（eg.:举例法、过程分析法、分类法、因果分析法、比较法、细节法，etc.）注意说明顺序（eg.:空间顺序、时间顺序、逻辑顺序、认识顺序，etc.）结尾（重述主题而非重复主题；简短自然，避免介入新的话题）,常用句式和常用表达,列举：foronething,foranother,finally,besides,moreover,oneanother,stillanother,first,second,then,also,tobeginwith,firstofall,inthefirstplace,last,next,aboveall,lastbutnottheleast,firstandmostimportant举例：forexample,forinstance,oneexampleis,besides,moreover,furthermore,inaddition,acaseinpoint,thatis,incidentally,asanillustration,suchas,infact,ingeneral,inparticular,toillustrate,namely定义：referto,call,mean,比较a.相似的比较：likewise,incomparison,similarly,inthesamemannerb.相反的比较：ontheotherhand,conversely,onthecontrary,whereas,instead,incontrast,nevertheless,comparedwith表示时间：later,next,then,finally,atlast,eventually,meanwhile,fromnowon,atthesametime,forthetimebeing,intheend,immediately,inthemeanwhile/meantime,recently,soon,nowandthen,during,nowadays,since,lately,assoonas,afterwards,temporarily,earlier,afterawhile,now,表示方位和顺序：before,behind,below,beneath,between,here,there,where,beyond,nearby,under,above,over,ontheright(left),in(the)frontof,atthebackof,inthemiddleof,atthebottomof,oppositeto,nextto表示概要和结论：inaword,inshort,inbrief,tosumup,onthewhole,byandlarge,allinall,sofar,therefore,thus,insummary,inconclusion,toconclude,tosummarize,toendwith,FastFoodRestaurant,1.快餐馆简介2.去快餐馆的好处3.快餐馆的发展趋势,FastFoodRestaurant,Ifyouaretoobusyortootiredtocook,pleasegotothefastfoodrestaurantwherevariouskindsofready-madefoodareserved.Someservefishorchicken,someservesandwichesorsalad,andsomealsoservedrinks,coffee,andsoon.,Fastfoodrestaurantsareveryconvenient.Youjustgothere,orderyourfood,waitonlyforafewminutes,thenwhenthefoodisready,youcarryittoyourtableyourselves.youcaneithereatitintherestaurantortakethefoodoutinaplasticcontainerandeatitathome,inyouroffice,inapark,oranywhereyoulike.,Nowadays,fastfoodrestaurantsaregettingmoreandmorepopularinChinabecauseoftheirconvenienceandlowprice.Theysavepeoplestimeandenergyaswell.Thisisveryimportantformanypeople,especiallythosewhoaretoobusyortootiredtocook.,题型概述,记叙文的写作要注意交代清楚六大要素，即时间(time)、地点(place)、人物(character)、事件的原因(cause)、经过(process)和结果(effect)。记叙文的结构安排通常有三种形式：正叙、倒叙和插叙。正叙是英语叙述文中最常用的一种结构，插叙很少用到。尽量多使用表示转折、顺接、因果和时间的连接词eg.:foronethingforanother、ontheonehandontheother(hand),etc.要多用四级词汇如有可能，引用一两句名言或是谚语,常用句式及表达,表示时间：afterashort(long)time(period),afterwards,assoonas,fromthattimeon,immediately,lately,nowadays,shortly,sincethen,then,while,recently,etc.表示因果：accordingly,asaresult(consequence),consequently,hence,so,therefore,thus平行结构/排比结构：neithernor,eitheror,bothand,notonlybutalso,aswellaseg.:Studiesservefordelight,forornament,andforability.学习足以怡情，足以博采，足以长才。,TeachersDay,1、向老师致以节日祝贺2、从一件小事回忆老师的教诲和无私的奉献3、我如何回报老师的关爱,TeachersDay,ItisTeachersDay,anoccasiontocelebratethecontributionsallteachershavemade.Theteachingprofessiondeservesspecialrecognitionandrespect.Iwanttotakethispreciousopportunityandextendmyheartygratefulnesstoyou:HappyTeachersDayandmayyousucceedineverything!,Thereisnomoreappropriatetimethanthistohonoralltheteachersworkinginthisline.ItisalltheteachersenergyandeffortthatmakeswhoIamnow,amanwithintelligenceandgoodpersonality.Forthepasttwentyyears,youhavededicatedsomuchofyourtimeandenergytothehealthydevelopmentofmycharacterandsoulthatIwillcherishyourteachingforlife.Dearteachers,youdeservechildrensrespectandloveaswellasparents.Whatsculptureistoablockofmarble,teacheristothesoulofchildren.,Wordscannotdescribemygratefulnesstomybelovedteachers.Onthelonglifejourneywithvarioustemptations,youarekindlingmywaylikethebeacononadarkwavysea.Whatyouhavedoneenrichesmymindandbroadensmyenvision.OnthisonceayearoccasionIwanttoexpressmyloveandrespectforallteachersfromthebottomofmyheart.TheonlythingIcandoinreturnis,domyutmostandcontributemysharetotheconstructionofthehumanworld.,沮丧的，失意的,frustrated,discouraged,depressed,low-spirited,不开心的,sad,努力做，尽力做,attemptto,makeeffortsto,end