高中英语北师大必修一第三单元被动语态课件

语态(voice)是个语法范畴，它是一种动词形式，表示动词的主语与该动词所表示的动作之间的主动和被动关系。当主语是动作的执行者时，动词用主动语态（ActiveVoice）；如果主语是动作的承受者，动词便用被动语态（PassiveVoice）。,Wecleanedtheclassroomyesterday.昨天我们打扫了教室。Theclassroomwascleanedbyusyesterday.昨天教室被我们打扫了。,Heisregardedasabrilliant.他被认为很有才气。,Thisbookwaswrittenin1969.这本书是1969年写成的。,Thebrokenbikeisbeingrepairednow.那辆坏了的自行车正在被修理。,Hetoldusthecatwasbeingwashedwhenwecalledhim.他告诉我们打电话时他正在给猫洗澡。,Hesaidthefactoryhadbeenopened.他说这家工厂已经开张。,Thepenhasbeenusedforseveralyears.这支钢笔已经用了几年。,Theworkwillbefinishedinthreehours.工作将于三小时后完成。,Thebabymustbelookedafterwell.这孩子必须被好好照顾。,PeoplespeakEnglishalmostallovertheworld.世界各地都有人讲英语。,Englishisspokenalmostallovertheworld.,1含有单宾语的主动句的转换：,主动句与被动句的转换时要注意,1.Hemademedothework.,Iwasmadetodotheworkbyhim.,口诀3：这些动词真奇怪，主动句中to离开，被动句中to回来。（feel,listento,hear,lethave,make,lookat,see,watch),2.Theytakegoodcareofthebaby.,Thebabyistakengoodcareofbythem.,注意：含动词词组的被动语态，须将其看作一个整体，不可把它们分隔开来。,不用被动,一、表示“开始”；“结束”类的动词。常见的这类动词有begin,start,open,close,end,finish,stop等。例如：,SchoolbeginsinSeptember.Thestoresinthisareaopenlateratweekendsthanatweekdays.,二、主语是物，谓语是表示主语特征或属性的动词。常见的这类动词有write,read,wear,wash,clean,sell,run,lock等。这些动词常与副词或否定词连用。例如：,Themachinerunswell.Thispenwritesquitesmoothly.Thebookshelfhardlysells.,三、表示主语状态特征的连系动词：look,feel,smell,taste,sound,prove,appear，seem等。例如：,Doyoulikethematerial?Yes,it_verysoft.A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfelt,C,Yourideasoundsreasonable.Whathesaidprovedtobecorrect.,四、动名词主动形式表示被动意义,1.needrequire+doing=tobedonewant,Thissentenceneeds_.A.animprovementB.improveC.improvingD.improved,C,五、动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义,1.不定式修饰的名词或代词和不定式有逻辑上的主谓关系时。例如：,ThenexttraintoarrivewasfromNewYork.,2.作定语的不定式与被修饰的名词或代词有逻辑上的动宾关系，且句子的主语或间接宾语与该不定式有逻辑上的主谓关系时。,Pleasegivemesomethingtoeat.Ihavealotofworktodotoday.,3.用在作表语或宾语补足语的形容词后面的不定式，如果与句子的主语或宾语有动宾关系时，一般用主动形式。例如：,Theproblemisdifficulttosolve.Doyouthinkhimeasytogetalongwith?,(间接宾语me是toeat的逻辑主语),(主语I是todo的逻辑主语),(状语tosolve与主语有动宾关系),(不定式与宾语有动宾关系),Exercises1Abigpowerstation_inmyhometownnow.A.hasbeenbuiltB.isbeingbuiltC.hasbuiltD.isbuilding.3.Stamps_bypeopleforsendingletters.A.useB.usingC.usedD.areused.4.Mustoldpeople_topolitely?A.speakB.spokenC.bespokeD.bespoken,5.Bikemustnt_everywhere.A.beupB.beputC.putC.putting6.Thewomanfelloffthebikeand_ontheroad.A.layB.waslainC.liedD.haslain7.Theoldmanandthechildren_inourcountry.A.musttakegoodcareB.mustbetakegoodcareofC.musttakegoodcareofD.mustbetakengoodcareof,B,A,D,1.Thekey_forlockingtheclassroomdoor.A.usesB.isusedC.isusingD.use2.Anewschool_overthereintwoyears.A.maybuiltB.maybebuiltC.isbuilt3.Hewasmade_yesterday.A.cryB.tocryC.cryingD.tobecried4.ThePRC_onOctober1,1949.A.wasfoundB.isfoundC.wasfoundedD.isfounded5.AtalkonChinesehistory_intheschoolhallnextweek.A.isgivenB.hasbeengivenC.willbegivenD.willgive,B,B,B,C,C,6.Watches_Shanghailastlong.A.aremadeinB.ismadeC.aremadefromD.made7.Thisdeskismade_wood.A.ofB.fromC.inD.