读写任务写作技巧(校高三示范课)

2009届高考英语专题复习-读写任务写作技巧,PartOne,Howtograspthemainideaofapassage-InTask-Writing,?,主旨题遵循三字原则:,准,全,用精炼的语言概括出文章的中心思想,要注意文章的内涵和外延,把作者的观点准确地表达出来.,要排除掉那些片面的选项,选取包含文章的主要内容及作者观点的选项,范围不宜过大或过小.,精,阅读理解主旨要义题技巧,回顾,TheheadmasterofamiddleschoolinsouthernEngland,DavidHayes,hassuspended（停课）studentsathisschoo1478timesoverthepastyear-oneintwentyofallthestudentsuspensionsinEngland.Althoughsomepeoplebelievethathisactionsgotoofar,heseemstobegettingresults.ThenumberofstudentsreceivingAgradesinthenationa1seniorschoo1examhasincreasedfrom48%in2004to74%thisyearMr.Hayessaysthatmanyschoolscouldachievesimilarimprovementsiftheyimprovetheirschoolstudentsbehavior.HealsosaystheBritishgovernmentiswrongforpressuringschoolsnottosuspendtroublesomestudentsandpointsouttheharmfuleffectssuchstudentshaveonthequalityofteachingandstudentlearning.Suspensionsoftengetmanynaughtystudentstoimprovetheirbehavior,hesays.Theschoolwasbelowaveragein2003.Mr.Hayesjoinedthefollowingyearandnowsuspendstwooftheschools1880studentsonaverageeachschoolday.Thetotalof478suspensionsovertheyearmeansthatalmostoneinfourstudentshavebeenpunishedthisway.Thisyeartheschoolsacademicperformancewasjudgedasexcellent.,Irecentlyreadanewsstoryaboutheadmasterwhooftensuspendsmisbehavingstudents.Andhebelievesthatstrongdisciplineimprovesbothstudentsbehaviorandacademicperformance.Hisschoolsexamresultshavebeengreatlyimprovedduringhistimeincharge.,Stylesofpassage,Howtosummarizeanarration/story:,Skill:要素串联法,IgainedalotafterIbecamepatiently.,I,andanoldman,LastSunday,Igotnothing2hourslater-gotangrytheoldmangotalot-patient,Alessonofthesecrettosuccess.,ExpressthemainideaofExe.1inyourownwordsusingabout30words.(5mins),Everyonehasanexperiencetheywouldrathernotforget.Someareembarrassing,somearemoving,andsometeachusalesson.Hereisastoryofmine.LastSundayIwentfishing.Aftersettingupmyfishingrodwithbait,Isatdownonthebankofthelake.Buttwohourslater,Ididntcatchanyfish.Igotveryangryandbegantopackupmystuff,preparingtogobackhome.Justthen,Isawanoldmansittingnearme.Tomysurprise,hisbasketwasfulloffish,soIwentovertohim,wantingtoknowwhy.“Excuseme,buthowlonghaveyousathere?”Iasked.“Aboutfourhours,”heanswered.“Fourhours?”Icouldntbelievemyears.“Yes.Itsveryimportanttobepatient,”theoldmansaid.“Dontconsiderfishingatiringsport.Justenjoyit.”Suddenly,Iunderstoodwhathesaid.Imustlearntobepatient.ThenIsatthereandwaitedforfishpatiently.Ifeltafishtouchthebait,butIdidntmoveandwaitedfortherightmomenttoreelitin.Atlast,Icaughtit.Thismademeveryhappy.Inthefollowingsixhours,Icaughtover10fish.Onmywayhome,Ithoughtwhathadhappenedonthebank.Igraduallyrealizedthatthesecretofsuccesswaspatience.,Thestoryisaboutanunforgettablelessonofthewriterfromanoldmanwhilefishing,throughwhichthewriterrealizedpatiencewasveryimportantandthatitwasthesecretofsuccess.(33),Youmaybeginlikethese:,1.Thepassage/storyismainlyabout(talksabout),2.Thewriter/authortellsusabout,3.Thepassagenarratesthat,故事性阅读材料，应该用最简练的语言来说明故事讲述了什么，不能拖泥带水，而且最好讲述该故事给你的启示或其中的一个道理。,Howtosummarizeanargumentation,Skill:议论三步法/段落合并法,workishelpfultohealth,a.workkeepspeoplebusy,awayfromlonelinessb.workservesasabridgebetweenmanandrealityc.workgivesoneasenseoffulfillmentandasenseofachievement,ExpressthemainideaofExe.2inyourownwordsusingabout30words.(5mins),Scientistsfindthathard-workingpeoplelivelongerthanaveragemenandwomen.Careerwomenarehealthierthanhousewives.Evidenceshowsthatthejoblessareinpoorerhealththanthejob-holders.Astudyshowsthatwhenevertheemploymentrateincreasesby1%,thedeathrateincreasecorrespondingly(相应地)by2%.Allthiscomesdowntoonepoint:workishelpfultohealth.Whyisworkgoodforhealth?Itisbecauseworkkeepspeoplebusy,awayfromloneliness.Researchesshowthatpeoplefeelunhappy,worriedandlonelywhentheyhavenothingtodo.Instead,thehappiestarethosewhoarebusy.Workservesasabridgebetweenmanandreality.Bywork,peoplecomeintocontactwitheachother.Bycollectiveactivities,theyfindfriendshipandwarmth.Thisishelpfultohealth.Thelossofworkmeansthelossofeverything.Itaffectsmanspirituallyandmakeshimlikelytodisease.Besides,workgivesoneasenseoffulfillmentandasenseofachievement.Workmakesonefeelhisvalueandstatusinsociety.Whenawriterfinisheshiswritingorteacherseeshisstudentsgrow,theyarehappybeyondwords.,Theauthorhighlightstheeffectofworkonpeopleshealth,becauseitcanridoneofloneliness,andmakeonefeelfruitfulandproudofhimself,whichalwayscontributestoagoodbody.(33),Usuallythebeginningofasummaryis:,1.Thepassagemainlydiscussesthat,2.Wecanknowfromthepassage,3.Asfarastheauthorisconcerned,如果是议论文的阅读短文,则要尽可能客观简要地转述阅读材料的观点。,4.Thechapteraboveisconcerning+n.,Howtosummarizeanexposition,Skill:中心句挖掘法,要说明的是:,Teamworkisaboutpeopleworkingtogetherasateam.Theideahasspreadfromtheworldofsportstobusiness.Inthe21stcentury,aspeopleandtheirworkarebecomingmoretechnicallyadvanced,workingasateammakesiteasiertogetthingsdone.Somethingscannotbedonebypeopleworkingindividually.Morecomplexgoalsusuallyrequirethatpeopleworktogether.Anyonewhohaseverbeentoajobinterviewwillalmostcertainlyhavebeenaskedwhatteamworkmeanstothem.Thisisbecausecompanieswantpeoplewhoareteamplayers,whocangetalongwiththeircolleaguesandworktogetherinagroup.Becauseteamworkisrequiredbymanyorganizationstoday,theywilloftenorganizeteambuildingeventsinanattempttogetpeopletoworkasateamthanasindividuals.Therearesevenimportantskillsthatonemustlearninordertobeasuccessfulteamplayer.Theyareasfollows:Listening-listenandallowpeopletofreelyexpresstheirideas.Questioning-askquestionsanddiscusstheobjectivesoftheteam.,Persuading-encouragepeopletoexchange,defend,andrethinktheirideas.Respecting-treatotherswithrespectandtosupporttheirideas.Helping-helponespartners,thisisthegeneralthemeofteamwork.Sharing-shareideasandresourceswiththeteamtocreateanenvironmentofteamwork.Participating-allmembersoftheteamareencouragedtoparticipateintheteam.写作内容1)以约30个词概括短文的要点；2)然后以约120个词就“Teamwork”的主题发表看法，并包括如下要点：a)在你的心目中，你认为团队精神的概念是什么？b)试通过简述两三个例子来说明团队精神的重要性。c)你认为如何才能建立起班级团队精神的文化？,Thepassagestatedtheimportanceofteamworkinbusinessandthat,inamorecompetitiveworld,peoplemustco-operateinordertoachievetheirgoals.Besides,seventeamworkskillsarealsodescribed.(32),Youmaybeginlikethese:,1.Itisstatedinthearticlethat2.Accordingtothepassage,wecanknowthat3.Inthepassage,theauthorstatesthat4.Thepassagepointsoutthat,如果是说明性短文,你就必须用概括的文字来说明某种现象。,Summary,1.概括要抓住要点,语言精练:阅读材料的设计与“写作内容”的设计应该是浑然一体的。如果给的阅读材料是一个故事，应该用最简练的语言来说明故事讲述了什么，不能拖泥带水，而且最好讲述该故事给你的启示或其中的一个道理。如果是说明性或描述性短文,你就必须用概括的文字来说明某种现象。如果是议论文的阅读短文,则要尽可能客观简要地转述阅读材料的观点。,Summary,2.Focusonmainideasandomit(省去)examples,details.(注重大意，省去详细的例子、细节)3.Donotincludeyourownopinion,butbesuretouseyourownwords.(不能添加自己的见解，但是要用自己的语言概括）4.Writeitinthethirdperson.（第三人称）5.Controlthenumberofwordsabout30.(25-40个字之内不会造成扣分)6.Howtocheckthesummary:看要点看人称看时态看语法看结构,Homework:挑战高考,Hi,IamMike.Ijustwentthroughmyfirstyearofcollege.Thetoughestpartonmeatfirstwasthegeneraladjustment.Iwenttoaverysmallhighschoolwheremymomwasateacherandshedidpracticallyeverythingforme.ButatthecollegeIneededtoknowsomebasiclifeskills.suchasbalancingacheckbook,laundry,andthethingsyouhavetobeabletohandlethatIneverthoughtofinthehighschool!ItwasreallytoughformeatfirstandIgotbadlyhomesick.OncethatfirstsemesterwasoverandIgotusedtothecollegelife,Iloveditgoodfacilities,helpfulinstructor