动词不定式与高考试题

高考题对不定式的考查学习重点：1、不定式的句法功能；2、不定式的一般、完成、进行等形式的在考题中的具体体现。一、不定式的一般式1、【NMET95】Weagreed_herebutsofarshehasntturnedupyetAhavingmetBmeetingCtomeetDtohavemet,二、不定式的完成式1不定式的完成式，即“tohave过去分词”，表示动作在谓语动作之前发生。Imgladtohaveseenyouyesterday.【MET93】CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered_thefirstcomputerAtohaveinventedBinventingCtoinventDhavinginvented【NMET99】Robertissaid_abroad，butIdontknowwhatcountryhestudiedinAtohavestudiedBtostudyCtobestudyingDtohavebeenstudying,A,入群4980299，即刻免费下载优质高中高考英语文档！,2英语中一些表示希望、愿望的词，如wouldlove，meant，hoped，expected，planned，wished，wanted,intended等词常与不定式的完成式连用，表示过去曾希望过，但未曾实现。它们之所以未能实现，常可通过后面but连接的句子看出来。如：【NMET97】Iwouldlove_tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareportAtogoBtohavegoneCgoingDhavinggone,3“情态动词不定式完成式”结构可以表示对已发生的事情进行推测，或者表示对已发生的事情的“责备”、“批评”，或做了不该做的事情。ItssixoclockShemusthavegonehomeTheyshouldnthaveleftsosoonYouneednthavetoldthemthatTherewasalotoffunatyesterdayspartyYou_come，butwhydidntyou？【1999上海】A.musthaveBshouldCneedhaveDoughttohave,Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecar，buttheymanagedtotakemeaswellIt_acomfortablejourney【NMET95】AcantbeBshouldntbeCmustnthavebeenDcouldnthavebeen,三、不定式的进行式不定式进行式（tobe现在分词）表示正在进行的动作，与谓语动作同时发生。如：Theyseemedtobeeatingsomethingtheyhadcookedonthefire（tobeeating与seemed同时发生）Wepretendedtobeworkingveryhardwhenhecamein（tobeworking与pretended同时发生）,四、不定式的被动式不定式被动形式，即tobedone或tohavebeendone。如：ShehatedtobelaughedatThemagazinesarenotallowedtobetakenoutofthereading-room,入群4980299，即刻免费下载优质高中高考英语文档！,五、不定式的否定式不定式的否定式是在不定式前加否定词not构成。如：Hedecidednottodoit【NMET96】Thepatientwaswarned_oilyfoodaftertheoperationAtoeatnotBeatingnotCnottoeatDnoteating【NMET99】Thepurposeofnewtechnologyistomakelifeeasier，_itmoredifficultAnotmakeBnottomakeCnotmakingDdonotmake,六、to代替整个不定式.在tell/want/hope/expect/like/wouldlike/beable/haveto/usedto/oughtto/begoingto等后,但如果不定式是tobe或tohavedone要把be和have保留.【NMET95】Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet，buthismothertoldhim_AnottoBnottodoCnotdoitDdonotto,七、不带to的动词不定式【NMET94】Ratherthan_onacrowdedbus，healwaysprefers_abicycleAride；rideBriding；rideCride；torideDtoride；riding2在“感觉”（feel）“、二听”（hear，listento）、使役动词let，make，have以及“四看”（see，lookat，watch，notice）后跟不定式和宾补时，通常省略to。但变为被动结构时，不定式符号to要加上。【NMET95】Pauldoesnthavetobemade_HealwaysworkshardAlearnBtolearnClearnedDlearning,23.Myadvisorencouraged_asummercoursetoimprovemywritingskills.（04高考北京卷）formetakingB.metakingC.formetotakeD.metotake,27Thenewsreportershurriedtotheairport,only_thefilmstarshadleft.（04高考福建卷）AtotellBtobetoldCtellingDtold,32IlltellMaryabouthernewjobtomorrow.You_herlastweek.（04高考福建卷）AoughttotellBwouldhavetoldCmusttellDshouldhavetold,33.Youweresillynot_yourcar.（04高考湖南卷）A.tolockB.tohavelockedC.lockingD.havinglocked,d,b,d,b,1._isagoodofexerciseforboththeyoungandtheold.A.ThewalkB.WalkingC.TowalkD.Walk,2.Whenandwheretobuildthenewpowerstation_yet.A.isnotdecidedB.arenotdecidedC.hasnotdecidedD.havenotdecided,3.Is_necessarytochangetrainsatBeijing?A.thisB.thatC.itD.he,4.Ourfatheroftentoldusinthepastthat_isbelieving.A.toseeB.seeingC.seeD.tobeseen,5.Shepretended_theletterIwrotethedaybeforeyesterday.A.nottoreceiveB.notreceivingC.nottohearfromD.havingnotreceived,6.Icantimagine_withsuchafamousauthor.A.workB.toworkC.tobeworkingD.working,Non-infinitive,入群4980299，即刻免费下载优质高中高考英语文档！,7.Shereachedthetopofthehillandstopped_onabigrockbythesideofthepath.A.tohaverestedB.restingC.torestD.rest,8.Doyouconsider_anygoodattemptingmanyscientificexperiments?A.thereB.itC.thisD.that,9.Imthirsty.Wouldyoupleasegivemesomething_.A.drunkB.todrinkC.tobedrunkD.fordrinking,10.Therewasaterriblenoise_thesuddenburstoflight.A.followedB.followingC.tobefollowedD.beingfollowed,11Mrs.Smithwarnedherhusband_afterdrinkingagainandagain.A.nevertodriveB.toneverdriveC.neverdrivingD.neverrive,12.Theyknewherverywell.Theyhadseenher_upfromchildhood.A.growB.grewC.wasgrowingD.togrow,13.Believeitornot,hewasseen_upstairsjustnow.A.togoB.togoingC.havinggoneD.go,入群4980299，即刻免费下载优质高中高考英语文档！,14.Itwassocoldthattheykeptthefire_allnight.A.toburnB.burnC.burningD.burned,15.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands_behindhisback.A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiedD.tied,16.Tomasteraforeignlanguage,_.A.alotofpracticeisneededB.itneedsalotofpracticeC.practiceisinneedofD.oneneedsalotofpractice,17._areply,hedecidedtowriteasixthletter.A.NotreceivingB.NottoreceiveC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived,18.LittleJimshouldlove_tothetheatrethisevening.A.tobetakenB.totakeC.beingtaken