被动语态课件

被动语态,中考考点：1.动词的被动语态的基本结构及用法2.动词的主动形式表被动意义的用法,被动语态基本用法当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。,1.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.主语+及物动词+宾语,Shoesaremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般现在时：S(主语）+am/is/are+过去分词,变为被动语态,1.ManyChinesespeakEnglishnow.2.Theyofteneatbroccoliatlunch.3.Hedoeshishomeworkeveryday.,EnglishisspokenbymanyChinesenow,Broccoliisofteneatenbythematlunch,Hishomeworkisdonebyhimeveryday,2.Theyboughttencomputerslastterm,Tencomputerswerebought(bythem)lastterm.一般过去时：S+was/were+过去分词,1.Iopenedthedoor.,Thedoorwasopenedbyme.,2.Heoftenhelpedhomelesspeople.,Homelesspeoplewereoftenhelpedbyhim.,3.Ihandedoutsomepapersjustnow.,Somepaperswerehandedoutbymejustnow.,将下列句子变成被动语态,3.Theywillfinishtheworkintendays.,Theworkwillbefinished(bythem)intendays.一般将来时：S+will+be+过去分词,Wewillholdasportsmeetingnextweek.Childrenwilltakesomephotosintheschoolyardtomorrow.Thefarmerswillgrowdifferentkindsofvegetablesnextspring.,Asportsmeetingwillbeheldbyusnextweek.,Somephotoswillbetakenbychildrenintheschoolyardtomorrow.,Differentkindsofvegetableswillbegrownbythefarmersnextspring.,4AmycantakegoodcareofGina,GinacanbetakengoodcareofbyAmy.情态动词：S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词,7.Hecanmendthebikeintwodays.Thebike_intwodays.8.Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday.Thismedicine_threetimesaday.,canbemended,mustbe,taken,动词的语态,考点一被动语态的构成,语法互动(八)动词的时态和语态,(1)一般现在时：主语am/is/are动词的过去分词,(2)一般过去时：主语was/were动词的过去分词,(3)一般将来时：主语will/shall/begoingtobe动词的过去分词,(4)情态动词:主语情态动词be动词的过去分词,(5)现在进行时：主语am/is/arebeing动词的过去分词,(7)现在完成时：主语have/hasbeen动词的过去分词,(6)过去进行时：主语was/werebeing动词的过去分词,(8)过去完成时：主语hadbeen动词的过去分词,(9)过去将来时：主语wouldbe动词的过去分词,构成：助动词be及物动词的过去分词,2.(2016株洲）Artemisinin_byTuyouyou,agreatChinesescientist.A.wasinventedB.inventedC.hasinvented3.(2016重庆）-Mom,whereismymodelplane?-Oh,it_toJennyyesterdayIslentB.lendsC.waslentD.lent44.(2016北京）Anewroadnearmyschool_nextyear.A.isbuiltB.willbuildC.willbebuilt,中考链接：1.（2016长沙）Nowsmartphones_inmanywaysinourdailylife.A:areusedB:isusedC.areusing,A,A,C,C,5.(2016湖北黄冈）-Tomisalwayscarelesswithhishomework.Couldyouhelpwithhim?-Noproblem!Ithinkhe_tothinktwicebeforestartingA.ShouldbetoldB.cantellC.shouldtellD.canbetelling6.(2014四川）Ifhe_totheparty,nobodywilllethimin。A.CantinviteB.doesntbeinvitedC.cantbeinvited,A,C,考点二某些谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义,1.英语中有很多动词，如break,catch,clean,drive,lock,open,sell,read,write,wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表达被动意义，主语通常是物。Thiskindofcloth_这种布料很好洗。Thebook_well,washeswell,语法互动(八)动词的时态和语态,sells,2不及物动词和动词短语，如happen,last,takeplace,comeout,cometrue,runout等，以主动形式表示被动意义。How_thenewspapers_?这些报纸是如何被出版的呢？3系动词be,smell,feel,sound,taste,get,turn.become等没有被动形式。Yourreason_reasonable.你的理由听起来合理。,语法互动(八)动词的时态和语态,comeout,do,sounds,被动语态中的特殊情况不及物动词带介词和介词宾语时，在变为被动语态时，仍然要带上介词。e.g.Thestudentslistentotheteachercarefullyinclass.被动句：Theteacherislistenedtocarefullybythestudentsinclass.e.g.Theylookafterthenewstudentsintheschool.被动句：Thenewstudentsarelookedafterbythemintheschool.,拓展：1.在使役动词have,make,let以及感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel等后面作宾语补足语的不定式，在主动结构中不定式符号to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要还原to。Someonesawastrangerwalkintothebuilding.被动结构：Astrangerwasseen_intothebuilding.有人看见一个陌生人走进了这座楼。,towalk,Hisdoctormadehimhavetwomealsaday.(变被动语态）He_twomealsaday_hisdoctor.,was,made,to,have,by,2.当动词带双宾语时(一个宾语是指人，一个是指物)，在被动句中则指人宾语前应加“to”或“for”。常见加to的动词有give，send,teach，write,show,pass,ask,tell常见加for的动词有make,draw,buye.g.Hetellsmeastoryeveryday.被动1Iamtoldastorybyhimeveryday.被动2Astoryistoldtomebyhimeveryday.e.g.Mymotherboughtmeacomputer.被动1Iwasboughtacomputerbymymother.被动2Acomputerwasboughtformebymymother.,3下列结构中的v.ing是主动形式表示被动意义。(1)need,require作“需要”讲时，其后常跟动名词形式。但当这些动词后接不定式时，则必须用被动形式表示被动意义。Thebikeneedsmending.这辆自行车需要修理。Ourclassroomneedstobecleaned.我们的教室需要打扫。(2)beworthdoingsth.值得做某事Thebookiswellworthreading.这本书很值得一读。,语法互动(八)动词的时态和语态,练习：将下列句子变为被动句。1.LiLeilistenstohisfathercarefully.2.Themotherlookedafterthebabyintheroom.3.Wetookcareofthethings.4.Theygaveussomework.5.Theboymadethemlaughallthetime.6.Mymotherbuysmeabike.,HisfatherislistenedtocarefullybyLiLei.,Thebabywaslookedafterintheroombythemother.,Thethingsweretakencareofbyus.,Someworkweregiventousbythem.,Theyweremadetolaughallthetime.,Abikeisboughtformebymymother.,7.TheywritebusinesslettersinEnglish.8.TheygrowriceinSouthChina.9.TheyplantmanytreesinNorthChina.10.LuXunwrotethisbook.11.Theworkersbuiltsomebridges.12.Wecanusetheboxasatable.13.W