初中英语 延续与非延续性动词的现在完成时

延续动词与非延续动词,动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。,一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn,work,stand,lie,know,walk,keep,have,wait,watch,sing,read,sleep,live,stay等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。,二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词、短暂性动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。如:open,die,close,begin,finish,come,go,move,borrow,lend,buy等。,用法：,、它们可以用于完成时态，说明某个动作的结果还存在,e.g.Hehascomeback.Thefilmhasbegun.,2、这类动词不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，但在否定句中，非延续性动词也可以用表示一段时间的状语来修饰,e.g.IhaventheardfromUncleWangforalongtime.Wehaventseenhimsince1992.,3、还可改用一般过去时来表达,e.g.Hecamebackaweekago.,4、也可用“Itis一段时间since”句型来表达,e.g.Itisaweeksincehecameback.,非延续性动词可以转换成延续性动词，主要有以下几种：,、用相应的延续性动词；buy-have,borrow-keep,puton-wear,catch/getacold-haveacold,come/go/become-be.,、转换成be名词;,jointheParty-beaPartymember,jointhearmy-beasoldier,gotoschool-beastudent.,、转换成be+介词短语:,gotoschool-beinschool,jointhearmy-beinthearmy.,、转换成be+adj./adv.:,die-bedead,finish-beover,begin/start-beon,leave()-beaway(from),close-beclosed,open-beopen,fallasleep-beasleep.,Themeetingstarted15minutesago.Themeetinghasbeenonfor15minutes.Thetrainlefthalfanhourago.Thetrainhasbeenawayforhalfanhour.Hebegantoteachhere16yearsago.Hehastaughtherefor16years.JamesstartedtoworkforMAPAdvertisinglastyear.JameshasworkedforMAPAdvertisingforayear.,Hestartedtoplaychessattheageoffive.Hestartedtoplaychesswhenhewasfive.Hehasplayedthechesssincehewasfive.Hehasplayedthechessforsevenyears.Istartedtoworkhere15yearsago.Ihaveworkedheresince15yearsago.Ihaveworkedherefor15years.TheymovedtoParistwoyearsago.Theyhavelivedherefortwoyears.Theyhavelivedheresincetwoyearsago.,1.Iboughtthebooktwodaysago.Ihavehadthebookfortwodays.2.Heborrowedthebookthreemonthsago.Hehaskeptthebooksince3monthsago.3.IgottoknowJane2yearsago.IhaveknownJanefor2years.4.IjoinedtheLeaguethreeyearsago.IhavebeenaLeaguememberfor3years.,Eg.,巩固练习：（同义转换，每空一词）,.LiLeijoinedthePartythreeyearsago.LiLeitheParty_threeyearsago.LiLeitheParty_threeyears.threeyearsLiLeijoinedtheParty.ThreeyearsLiLeijoinedtheParty.2.MyfatherleftGuchenglastweek.MyfatherGuchenglastweek.MyfatherGuchengaweek.,hasbeenin,since,hasbeenin,for,Its,since,haspassedsince,hasbeenawayfrom,since,hasbeenawayfrom,for,3.Thefactoryopenedin1996.Thefactorytenyears.Thefactorysince1996.4.Hisgrandfatherdiedfiveyearsago.Hisgrandfathersince.Hisgrandfatherfiveyears.fiveyearshisgrandfatherdied.Fiveyearshisgrandfatherdied.,Hasbeenopenfor,Hasbeenopen,hasbeendeadfor,hasbeendead,haspassedsince,Its,since,fiveyearsago,5.Mr.WangreachedBeijingfivedaysago.Mr.WangBeijingfivedaysago.Mr.WangBeijingfivedays.6.Thefilmbegantenminutesago.Thefilmfor.Thefilmsince.7.Kenjoinedthearmytwoyearsago.Kenhas_fortwoyears.Kenhas_thearmyfortwoyears.,Hasbeenin,since,hasbeenin,for,hasbeenon,tenminutes,hasbeenon,tenminutesago,beenasoldier,beenin,8.Thefilmbegan10minutesago.Thefilmhas_for10minutes.9.Igotacoldtwodaysago.Ihave_acoldsincetwodaysago.10.Thefilmfinished5minutesago.Thefilmhas_for5minutes.11.Themancameheretenminutesago.Themanhas_herefor10minutes.12.LindaandFrank(got)marriedin1989.They_since1989.,beenon,had,beenover,been,havebeenmarried,13.Helefthishometown10yearsago.Hehas_hishometownsince10yearsago/for10years.14.Myfatherboughtanewcartwoyearsago.Myfather_anewcar_twoyears.Myfather_anewcar_twoyearsago.15.Tomborrowedthisbookfourdaysago.Tom_thisbook_fourdays.Tom_thisbook_fourdaysago.,beenawayfrom,hashad,for,hashad,since,haskept,for,haskept,since,16.JimjoinedtheLeaguelastyeas.Jim_aLeaguemember_ayear.Jim_theLeague_lastyear.17.TheycametoChinatenyearsago.They_China_tenyears.They_China_tenyearsago.18.Mysonfellasleephalfanhourago.Myson_for_.Myson_since_.,hasbeen,for,hasbeenin,since,havebeenin,for,havebeenin,since,hasbeenasleep,halfanhour,hasbeenasleep,Halfanhourago,Translate1.你来深圳多久了？10年了。2.他没来上学，他已生病两天了。3.他入团一个月了,HowlonghaveyoubeeninSZ?Fortenyears.(Ihavebeenherefortenyears),Hehasntcometoschool.Hehasbeenillfortwodays.,HejoinedtheLeagueamonthago.HehasbeenaLeaguememberforamonth.,4.我们1989年开始在这里工作。自从那时以来我们一直在这里工作。5.他们一小时前到达这里。他们已经到达这里一小时了。6.他上个月借了我得自行车。他已经借了近一个月了,Webegantoworkherein1989.Wehaveworkedheresincethen.,Theyarrivedhereanhourago.Theyhavebeenhereforanhour.,Heborrowedmybikelastmonth.Hehaskeptitforalmostamonth.,7.电影十分钟前开始的，已经放映十分钟了。8.你预定了票没有?定了.什么时候定的?刚才.9.他在一间汽车公司工作.他在那里工作已经有3年了.,Thefilmbegantenminutesago.Ithasbeenonfortenminutes.,Haveyoubookedtheticket?Yes,Ihave.Whendidyoubookit?Justnow.,Heworksforabuscompany.Hehasworkedthereforthreeyears.,10.会议8点钟就开始了。已经开了一个半小时。11.我的小猫三年前死了。已经死了三年了我还是非常想它。,Themeetingstartedat8,andithasbeenonforonehourandhalf.,Themeetinghasbeenonforanhourandhalfsince8oclock.,Mycatdiedthreeyearsago.Istillmissitthoughithasbeendeadforthreeyears.,12.他三年前买了电脑,已经有这部电脑三年了Heboughtthecomputerthreeyearsago.He