新人教选修六语法课件-Subjunctive mood虚拟语气

TheSubjunctiveMood,虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设,该语法主要用于if条件状语从句,也可用于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句等。通常有三种情况：与过去事实相反。与现在事实相反。与将来事实可能相反。,虚拟语气,例：IfIhadcomeheryesterday,Iwouldhaveseenhim.如果我昨天来，就会看见他了。,Ifyouhadgotupearlier,youcouldhavecaughtthetrain.如果你早一点起床，就会赶上火车的。,与过去相反,Iftheyhadstudiedhard,theycouldhavedoneiteasilythatday.,1.如果他们以前努力学习的话，那天干的就会容易些。,2.如果他不听取我的建议，他就不会干得这样好。,Ifhehadnottakenmyadvice,hewouldnthavedoneitmuchbetterlikethis.,IfI_timelastnight,I_toseethefilmwithyou.,hadhad,wouldhavegone,Ifhemorecarefully,hethecaraccidentyesterday.,haddriven,wouldnothavehad,IfIhowtoswim,Itrappedinthisisland.,hadlearnt,wouldnothavebeen,Ifthestaffhadbeenmorecareful,themallwouldnotbeonfirenow.,主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间,这时主从句位于动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同,这叫做混合条件句.,例句中从句与过去事实相反,主句与现在事实相反,Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday,youwouldknowwhattodonow.,例：IfIwereateacher,Iwouldbestrictwithmystudents.,IfIhadHIV,IwouldknowbecauseIwouldfeelsick.,hadHIV,wouldfeel,were,wouldbe,与现在相反,Whatwouldyoudoifyouwonthelottery?IfIwonthelottery,Iwould,IfIwonthelottery,Iwouldbuyanexpensivecar.,IfIhadalotofmoney,Iwouldbuyavilla.,IfIhadalotofmoneynow,Iwouldtravelaroundtheworld.,Ifitwerefinenow,Iwouldgoshopping.,IfI_ateacher,I.,were,1.Iftheteacheraskedmetosolvetheproblemnexttime,Icouldtrymybest.,2.Ifheshouldfailintheexperimentthistime,hewouldtryagain.,3.Ifweweretopanic,wewouldnotbeabletohelp.,与将来相反,如果你成功了，一切都会好起来。,Ifyousucceeded,everythingwouldbeallright.Ifyoushouldsucceed,everythingwouldbeallright.Ifyouweretosucceed,everythingwouldbeallright.,Ifhegotupearly,hewouldbeontime,wish,InSubjunctivemood,虚拟语气的特殊用法：,1,IwishIwereastallasyou.,IwishIwereabird.,Iwisheverydayweremybirthday.,Iwish/wishedIhadnteatensomuchwatermelon.,Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.,另外,DemandSuggestOrderProposeRequestCommandInsistetc,+(should)do,表示愿望、建议、命令、请求等,2,asif/asthough,Hebehavesasifheownedthehouse.,(Buthedoesntownitorprobablydoesntownitorwedontknowwhetherheownsitornot.),HetalksaboutRomeasthoughhehadbeentherehimself.,主语从句中的虚拟语气,在句型“Itisimportant(necessary,strange,natural)that.”中，that后面的从句中的谓语动词用：should+动词原形例句Itsnecessarythatweshouldhaveawalknow.我们有必要出去散散步。Itsnaturalthatsheshoulddoso.她这样做是很自然的。Itsimportantthatweshouldtakegoodcareofthepatient.重要的是我们要照顾好病人。,3,虚拟语气几个特例,1.ifonly意为：若是.那该多好啊;真希望.;只要,只要.就好表示现在的情况,应用过去式;如果是过去的情况,应用过去完成时态IfonlyIhadarrivedintime!Ifonlyshedidntdrivesofast.2.Its(high/right)timethatthat从句要用虚拟语气：过去时或should+doItstimethatyouleft/shouldleavehere.,3.一些介词短语,如:butfor(要不是),without,otherwise(否则),等表示含蓄的条件,这时主句要用虚拟语气Withoutyourhelp,wewouldnothavemadesuchrapidprogress.Butformybrothershelp,Iwouldnothavefinisheditontime.Ihadtodosth.moreimportant,otherwiseImighthavehelped.,虚拟语气几个特例,Alan_thepartyifhehadgonetoLondon.A.wouldhavemissedB.hadmissedC.wouldmissD.missed2.Itwasthedrug，notthedisease，thatkilledtheboy.Hewouldbestillalivetodayifhe_thatdrug.A.nottakeB.shouldnthavetakenC.didnttakeD.hadnttaken,Exercises,3.Simonlooksasthoughhenever_asquaremeal(吃得饱),thoughhisparentsfeedhimverywell.A.getB.gettingC.gotD.shouldget4.HeistalkingsomuchaboutAmericaasifhe_there.A.hadbeenB.wereC.wasD.been,5.HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?-No,butIwishI_.A.haveB.willC.doD.had6.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit.A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken,7.(2002上海高考题)ItishardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifI_inlove，attheageofseven，withtheMelindaCoxLibraryinmyhometown.A.wouldnthavefallenB.hadnotfallenC.shouldfallD.weretofall,8.Ifit_sohard，wedgototown.A.isntrainingB.werentrainingC.doesntrainD.hasrain9.IwishI_youyesterday.A.sawB.didseeC.hadseenD.weretosee,10.Hissilenceatthemeetingsuggestedthathe_toyourplan.A.didntagreeB.hadntagreedC.wouldntagreeD.notagree11.Thefatherinsistedhisdaughter_arichman.A.wouldbeengagedtoB.beengagedtoC.shouldengagedtoD.mustbeengagedto,12.You_ea