阅读理解之细节题解题技巧

高三英语,StrategiesforQuestionsofDetails阅读理解技巧之事实细节题,madeby晏许丽,事实细节题,阅读理解五大题型,主旨大意题,推理判断题,词义猜测题,逻辑结构题,事实细节题命题规律,近四年北京高考阅读理解细节理解题题量统计,事实细节题命题趋势,when,how,what,why,who,where,题干,顺序原则,定位词,排除法,真题链接,事实细节题题干考查的六大信息,5个W即_,_,_,_,_1个h_。,1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?（三误一正）,2.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedinthetext?（三正一误）,3.Theauthor/passagestatesthat,4.Accordingtothepassage,5wand1h（when,where,who,why,what,how,etc.)_?,5.Allthefollowingaretrueexcept,事实细节题题干常见设题方式：,题干,顺序原则,定位词,排除法,真题链接,56.Whowrotetheletter?,FromParagraph4,wecanlearnthattheauthorofthepassage_.,如：第9篇，2011西城一模，B,题干,顺序原则,定位词,排除法,真题链接,定位词,题干,顺序原则,定位词,排除法,真题链接,什么词才算是定位词呢？,a.表示人名、地名等的专有名词；b.表示年份、数字、百分数等的数词；c.题干中出现的大写的名词等；,题干,顺序原则,定位词,排除法,真题链接,人名、地名,专有名词,年份、数字、百分数,数词,大写的名词,题干,顺序原则,定位词,排除法,真题链接,(2010辽宁)61.WhatdoesthewriterdislikemostaboutdinnerpartiesinNewYork?,(2010全国I)61.HowdidChristyMcKinleyknowMs.Schatzmansopinionofthechitea?,(2010湖南)62.Wecanknowthatbefore1995Mary_.,(2010山东)57.Dwascreatedfor_.,定位词的转换形式,同义改写、词性转变,题干,顺序原则,定位词,排除法,真题链接,ButthekeyissueisreallymoneyChinaisalreadyspendinghundredsofbillionsofYuanondomesticrailwayexpansion,68Accordingtothepassage，thegreatestchallengetothenewhigh-speedrailwayplanis_AtechnicalissuesBsafetyofthesystemCfinancialproblemsDmaintenanceofrailwaytracks,(2010江苏，D),题干,顺序原则,定位词,排除法,真题链接,(2010全国II,A)Brownieturnedouttobemorethanjustourfamilypet,sheneverbarked(吠)ortriedtogetaway.Funnythingisshewouldsmile.Thisfrightenedpeoplebecausetheythoughtshewasshowingherteeth.Farfromthetruth,shelovelyeveryone.,题干,顺序原则,定位词,排除法,真题链接,动词,44.SomepeoplegotfrightenedbyBrowniewhenshe_.A.smiledB.barkedC.rushedtothemD.triedtobefunny,形容词,顺序原则,题干,顺序原则,定位词,排除法,真题链接,排除法,题干,顺序原则,定位词,排除法,真题链接,（1）正确选项的特征正确选项虽然一般不是原文照搬，但是一般是原文的改写，意思不变。如换一个同义词，把否定改为肯定，把肯定改为否定等。,题干,顺序原则,定位词,排除法,真题链接,ButthekeyissueisreallymoneyChinaisalreadyspendinghundredsofbillionsofYuanondomesticrailwayexpansion,68Accordingtothepassage，thegreatestchallengetothenewhigh-speedrailwayplanis_AtechnicalissuesBsafetyofthesystemCfinancialproblemsDmaintenanceofrailwaytracks,(2010江苏，D),题干,顺序原则,定位词,排除法,真题链接,（2）错误选项的特征a.张冠李戴：b.断章取义：c.过度猜测：d.把已然说成未然（或把未然说成已然）；e.与原文信息不符；,题干,顺序原则,定位词,排除法,真题链接,a.张冠李戴：(2010江苏,A)Otherearlysurnamescamefrompeoplesoccupations.ThemostcommonoccupationalnameisSmith,whichmeansapersonwhomakesthingswithironorothermetals.Inthepast,smithswereveryimportantworkersineverytownandvillage.Someotheroccupationalnamesare:Carterapersonwhoownedordroveacart;Potterapersonwhomadepotsandpans.,题干,顺序原则,定位词,排除法,真题链接,57.Accordingtothepassage,theancestorsofthePotterfamilymostprobably_.A.ownedordroveacartB.madethingswithmetalsC.madekitchentoolsorcontainsD.builthousesandfurniture,Smith,Carter,Potter,题干,顺序原则,定位词,排除法,真题链接,48.WhatdoweknowaboutJarolimfromthetext?ASheissuccessfulinherjobBShefindsherlifefullofstressesCShespendshalfofhertimetravelingDSheisespeciallyinterestedinmuseums,d.把已然说成未然（或把未然说成已然）,b.对stress断章取义,e.选项与原文事实相反,题干,顺序原则,定位词,排除法,真题链接,(2010全国卷II,B)WhenyourelyingonthewhitesandsoftheMexicanRiviera,thestresses(压力)oftheworldseemamillionmilesaway.Hey,stop!Thisisnovacation-youhavetofinishsomething!Hereliestheproblemfortravelwriterandfoodcritic(评论家),EdieJarolim“Ialwayslovedtravelingandalwayslikedtoeat,butitneveroccurredtomethatIcouldmakemoneydoingbothofthosethings,”Jarolimsaid.NowyoucanreadhertraveladviceeverywhereinArtsandAntiques,inBrides,orinoneofhertherebooks,TheCompleteIdiotsTravelGuidetoMexicanBeachResorts.Herjobintravelwritingbegansomeeightyearsago.AftergettingaPhDinEnglishinCanada,shetookaTestFrommerstravelguides,passedit,andgotthejob.AfterworkingatFrommers,JarolimworkedforawhileatRoughGuidesinLondon,thenFodors,whereshefellsoinlovewithadescriptionoftheSouthwestoftheU.S.thatshemovedthere.Nowasatravelwriter,shespendsone-thirdofheryearontheroad.TherestofthetimeisspentcompletinghertasksandwritingreviewsofrestaurantsathomeinTucson,Arizona.Asadventurousasthejobsounds,thehardpartisfact-checkingalltheinformation.Sure,itsgreattowriteaboutatouristattraction,butyoudbettergetthelocal(当地的)museumhourscorrectoryoucouldreallyruinsomeonesvacation.,总结,题干,顺序原则,定位词,排除法,真题链接,第七段：“ImTom,”heexplained.“ItsaletterIwrotetoEdbeforeIknewheddied.Ineverputitinthemailbox.IguessIshouldhavewrittenitsooner.”Hisfacewaspaleashewipedhiseyeswithahandkerchief.,题干,顺序原则,定位词,排除法,真题链接,Tom.B.OldEd.C.Theauthor.D.Thedriversgrandchild.,56.Whowrotetheletter?,如：2011西城一模,A,第四段：Thefirstsentence“Ivebeenmeaningtowriteforsometime,butIvealwaysdelayedit.”remindedmeofmyself.Itwentontosaythatheoftenthoughtaboutthegoodtimestheyhadhadtogether.WhenIreadthepartwhereitsaid“Yourfriendshipreallymeansalottome,morethanIcansaybecauseImnotgoodatsayingthingslikethat”,Ifoundmyselfnoddinginagreement.,题干,顺序原则,定位词,排除法,真题链接,FromParagraph4,wecanlearnthattheauthorofthepassage_.,A.oftenfailedtowritetohisfriends,B.hadnointentiontowritetohisfriends,C.hadmanygreatmomentswithhisfriends,D.wasgoodatexpressingfeelingstohisfriends,题干,顺序原则,定位词,排除法,真题链接,Theletter,64.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatpeopleunderpressuretendto_.keeprewardsbetterintheirmemoryB.recallconsequencesmoreeffortlesslyC.makeriskydecisionsmorefrequentlyD.learnasubjectmoreeffectively,题干,顺序原则,定位词,排除法,真题链接,（北京2012，C）Decision-makingunderStress,第三段“Stressaffectshowpeoplelearn,”saysProfessorMaraMather.“Peoplelearnbetteraboutpositivethannegativeoutcomesunderstress.”第四段Forexample,tworecentstudieslookedathowpeoplelearnedtoconnectimages(影像)witheitherrewardsorpunishments.Inoneexperiment,someoftheparticipantswerefirststressedbyhavingtogiveaspeechanddodifficultmathproblemsinfrontofanaudience;intheother,somewerestressedbyhavingtokeeptheirhandsinicewater.Inbothcases,thestressedparticipantsrememberedtherewardedmaterialmoreaccuratelyandthepunishedmateriallessaccuratelythanthosewhohadntgonethroughthestress.,题干,顺序原则,定位词,排除法,真题链接,67.TheresearchledbySanbonmatsuindicatesthatpeoplewhomultitask_.,seekhighproductivityconstantlyB.preferhandl