外研版BOOK3必修三Module5语法定语从句

Module5GreatpeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChina,Grammar:Theattributiveclauses定语从句,Readthesentencesbelowandunderlinetheattributiveclauses.,1.AncientChinawasaplacewherestateswereoftenatwarwitheachother.2.Butitwasalsoatimewhenthereweremanygreatphilosophers.3.Confuciusisthephilosopherwhoseinfluencehasbeenthegreatest.4.Moziwasanotherteacherwhowasveryinfluential.5.Hecamefromafamilywhichwasverypoor.,Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.,amachine,that/which,Jointhefollowingsentences:,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.,that/who/whom,Thegirl,定语从句,定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。被定语所修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句三要素：先行词：被修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。定语从句：一般紧跟在先行词之后的从句。,Eg1:Themanwholivesnexttousisateacher.先行词关系词定语从句，放于先行词之后主句：Themanisateacher.Eg2:Thebookthatyouwantisonthedesk.先行词关系词主句：Thebookisonthedesk.,二、关系词的用法：,关系词,1、关系代词2、关系副词:,1）指人：that,who,whom,whose2）指物：that,which,whose,when,where,why,引导定语从句是用关系副词还是关系代词，要看关系词在从句中充当的成份。若充当状语，则用关系副词；若充当主语或宾语，则用关系代词。,（一）关系代词的用法：,1、指人：whowhomthatwhoseExamples:Sheisthegirl_sellsflowers.Hereistheman_youarelookingfor.Ihaveafriend_fatherisadoctor.,主语/（宾语）,（宾语）,主语/（宾语）,定语（表所属关系）,who/that,whom/who/that,),(,2、指物：,thatwhichwhoseExamples:Footballisagame_islikedbymostboys.Thisisthepen_Iboughtyesterday.Ilikethebook_coverisred.,主语/（宾语）,主语/（宾语）,定语（相当于ofwhich）,which/that,(,),which/that,whose,（二）关系副词的用法：,when,where,why1、when,在从句中作时间状语，先行词是表时间的n.。Eg:Illneverforgettheday_Ijoinedthearmy.2、where,在从句中作地点状语，先行词是表地点的n.。Eg:Tianjinistheplace_Iwasborn.,=介词+which,口语中可用that代替,when/onwhich,where/inwhich,Grammar2介词+关系代词的情况1,Themanwhomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitywhichshelivesisfaraway.,to,in,总结：可见,介词可前可后。,介词+关系代词的情况2,Themanwho/whomyouspokewasasinger.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.,to,in,Arethesetwosentencesright?,介词+关系代词的情况3,Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.,to,in,Arethesetwosentencesright?,总结：可见,who、that不能用与介词之后,介词+关系代词的情况4,Isthisthewatchthatyouarelookingfor?TheoldmanwhomIamlookingafterisbetter.,总结：在固定短语中介词不能提前,下面两句中的介词能提前吗?,1.Thisisthecar_whichIboughtlastyear.2.Thisisthecar_whichIpaid100$.3.Thisisthecar_whichIspent100$.4.Thisisthecar_whichIgotoworkeveryday.5.Thisisthecar_whichIcantgotowork.6.Thisisthecar_whichtheoldmanwasknockeddown7.Thisisthecar_whichaboythrewaston