定语从句的翻译

突破英语B级的定语从句翻译定语从句的翻译技巧：1. 前置法将英文从句部分翻译成“.的”，并放置于先行词前。即将英文复合句句翻译成汉语的简单句，常用于翻译限制性定语从句。不过一些较短的具有描述性的非限制性定语从句也可采用前置法。例1：Harmonious interpersonal relationship is the primary reason why I enjoy working here. 同事之间关系融洽是我喜欢在这工作的主要原因。例2：His laughter, which was infectious, broke the silence. 他那富有感染力的笑声打破了沉寂。2. 后置法将英文定语从句置于先行词后，译成并列分句。（1） 重复先行词由于定语从句的先行词通常在定语从句中充当句子成分，如果单独把定语从句翻译出来的话，常常需要重复先行词，还可以用代词代替先行词来重复。例3：We wish to express our satisfaction at this to the Special Committee, whose activities deserve to be encouraged. 在我们对特别委员会表示满意，特别委员会的工作应该受到鼓励。例4：He has enterprise and creativity which are decisive in winning success in the field. 他很有进取心和创造力，而这正是在这一领域获得成功的关键。（2） 省略先行词如果把定语从句翻译在先行词后面，在“通顺、完整”的前提下，有时候可以不用重复先行词。 例5：It is he who received the letter that announced the death of his uncle. 是他接到那封信，说你的叔叔去世了。 例6：They worked out a new method by which production has now been rapidly increased. 他们制定出一种新方案，采用之后生产已迅速得到提高。3. 翻译成状语从句英语中有些定语从句，兼有状语从句的职能，在逻辑上（即意义上）与主句有原因、结果、条件、让步、目的等关系，翻译时应抓住主从句间逻辑关系，翻译成对应的汉语意思。例7：The manager was giving a dinner for a few people whom he wished especially to talk to or to hear from. 经理只宴请了几个人，因为他特别想和这些人谈谈，听听他们的意见。（表原因）例8：They quarreled with each other every day, which led to their divorce. （表结果）他们夫妻二人天天吵架，最终导致离婚。例9：My father, who thought it might not work, supported me. （表让步）尽管父亲认为这个办法可能不会起作用，但还是支持我。例10：This company, which wants to get their new product sold well in the market, is trying hard to perfect its packing and workmanship. 为了使新产品在市场热销，这个公司正在全力改进工艺和外包装。（表目的）例11：A new product which has beautiful packing, good quality and advertising may very likely be a hit in market 一种新产品，只要包装精美，质量过硬，宣传得力，就能在市场中热销。 （同下）例1