scientific paper structure

精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创1/28SCIENTIFICPAPERSTRUCTUREWHYASCIENTIFICFORMATTHESCIENTIFICFORMATMAYSEEMCONFUSINGFORTHEBEGINNINGSCIENCEWRITERDUETOITSRIGIDSTRUCTUREWHICHISSODIFFERENTFROMWRITINGINTHEHUMANITIESONEREASONFORUSINGTHISFORMATISTHATITISAMEANSOFEFFICIENTLYCOMMUNICATINGSCIENTIFICFINDINGSTOTHEBROADCOMMUNITYOFSCIENTISTSINAUNIFORMMANNERANOTHERREASON,PERHAPSMOREIMPORTANTTHANTHEFIRST,ISTHATTHISFORMATALLOWSTHEPAPERTOBEREADATSEVERALDIFFERENTLEVELSFOREXAMPLE,MANYPEOPLESKIMTITLESTOFINDOUTWHATINFORMATIONISAVAILABLEONASUBJECTOTHERSMAYREADONLYTITLESANDABSTRACTSTHOSEWANTINGTOGODEEPERMAYLOOKATTHETABLESANDFIGURESINTHERESULTS,ANDSOONTHETAKEHOMEPOINTHEREISTHATTHESCIENTIFICFORMATHELPSTOINSURETHATATWHATEVERLEVELAPERSONREADSYOURPAPERBEYONDTITLESKIMMING,THEYWILLLIKELYGETTHEKEYRESULTSANDCONCLUSIONSTOPOFPAGETHESECTIONSOFTHEPAPERMOSTJOURNALSTYLESCIENTIFICPAPERSARESUBDIVIDEDINTOTHEFOLLOWINGSECTIONSTITLE,精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创2/28AUTHORSANDAFFILIATION,ABSTRACT,INTRODUCTION,METHODS,RESULTS,DISCUSSION,ACKNOWLEDGMENTS,ANDLITERATURECITED,WHICHPARALLELTHEEXPERIMENTALPROCESSTHISISTHESYSTEMWEWILLUSETHISWEBSITEDESCRIBESTHESTYLE,CONTENT,ANDFORMATASSOCIATEDWITHEACHSECTIONTHESECTIONSAPPEARINAJOURNALSTYLEPAPERINTHEFOLLOWINGPRESCRIBEDORDEREXPERIMENTALPROCESSSECTIONOFPAPERWHATDIDIDOINANUTSHELLABSTRACTWHATISTHEPROBLEMINTRODUCTIONHOWDIDISOLVETHEPROBLEMMATERIALSANDMETHODSWHATDIDIFINDOUTRESULTSWHATDOESITMEANDISCUSSIONWHOHELPEDMEOUTACKNOWLEDGMENTSOPTIONALWHOSEWORKDIDIREFERTOLITERATURECITEDEXTRAINFORMATIONAPPENDICESOPTIONALSECTIONHEADINGSMAINSECTIONHEADINGSEACHMAINSECTIONOFTHEPAPERBEGINSWITHAHEADINGWHICHSHOULDBECAPITALIZED,CENTEREDATTHEBEGINNINGOFTHESECTION,ANDDOUBLESPACEDFROMTHELINESABOVEANDBELOWDONOTUNDERLINETHESECTIONHEADINGORPUTACOLONATTHEENDEXAMPLEOFAMAINSECTIONHEADINGINTRODUCTIONSUBHEADINGSWHENYOURPAPER精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创3/28REPORTSONMORETHANONEEXPERIMENT,USESUBHEADINGSTOHELPORGANIZETHEPRESENTATIONSUBHEADINGSSHOULDBECAPITALIZEDFIRSTLETTERINEACHWORD,LEFTJUSTIFIED,ANDEITHERBOLDITALICSORUNDERLINEDEXAMPLEOFASUBHEADINGEFFECTSOFLIGHTINTENSITYONTHERATEOFELECTRONTRANSPORTTOPOFPAGETITLE,AUTHORSNAMES,ANDINSTITUTIONALAFFILIATIONS1FUNCTIONYOURPAPERSHOULDBEGINWITHATITLETHATSUCCINCTLYDESCRIBESTHECONTENTSOFTHEPAPERUSEDESCRIPTIVEWORDSTHATYOUWOULDASSOCIATESTRONGLYWITHTHECONTENTOFYOURPAPERTHEMOLECULESTUDIED,THEORGANISMUSEDORSTUDIED,THETREATMENT,THELOCATIONOFAFIELDSITE,THERESPONSEMEASURED,ETCAMAJORITYOFREADERSWILLFINDYOURPAPERVIAELECTRONICDATABASESEARCHESANDTHOSESEARCHENGINESKEYONWORDSFOUNDINTHETITLE2TITLEFAQS3FORMATTHETITLESHOULDBECENTEREDATTHETOPOFPAGE1DONOTUSEATITLEPAGEITISAWASTEOFPAPERFOROURPURPOSESTHETITLEISNOTUNDERLINEDORITALICIZEDTHEAUTHORSNAMESPIORPRIMARYAUTHORFIRSTANDINSTITUTIONALAFFILIATIONARE精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创4/28DOUBLESPACEDFROMANDCENTEREDBELOWTHETITLEWHENMORETHENTWOAUTHORS,THENAMESARESEPARATEDBYCOMMASEXCEPTFORTHELASTWHICHISSEPARATEDFROMTHEPREVIOUSNAMEBYTHEWORD“AND“FOREXAMPLEDUCKSOVERWINTERINCOLORADOBARLEYFIELDSINRESPONSETOINCREASEDDAILYMEANTEMPERATUREIMAMALLARD,URADRAKE,ANDWOODRUFFDUCQUEDEPARTMENTOFWILDLIFEBIOLOGY,UNIVERSITYOFCOLORADOBOULDERTOPOFPAGETHETITLEISNOTASECTION,BUTITISNECESSARYANDIMPORTANTTHETITLESHOULDBESHORTANDUNAMBIGUOUS,YETBEANADEQUATEDESCRIPTIONOFTHEWORKAGENERALRULEOFTHUMBISTHATTHETITLESHOULDCONTAINTHEKEYWORDSDESCRIBINGTHEWORKPRESENTEDREMEMBERTHATTHETITLEBECOMESTHEBASISFORMOSTONLINECOMPUTERSEARCHESIFYOURTITLEISINSUFFICIENT,FEWPEOPLEWILLFINDORREADYOURPAPERFOREXAMPLE,INAPAPERREPORTINGONANEXPERIMENTINVOLVINGDOSINGMICEWITHTHESEXHORMONEESTROGENANDWATCHINGFORACERTAINKINDOFCOURTSHIPBEHAVIOR,APOORTITLEWOULDBEMOUSEBEHAVIORWHYITISVERYGENERAL,ANDCOULDBEREFERRINGTOANYOFANUMBER精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创5/28OFMOUSEBEHAVIORSABETTERTITLEWOULDBETHEEFFECTSOFESTROGENONTHENOSETWITCHCOURTSHIPBEHAVIORINMICEWHYBECAUSETHEKEYWORDSIDENTIFYASPECIFICBEHAVIOR,AMODIFYINGAGENT,ANDTHEEXPERIMENTALORGANISMIFPOSSIBLE,GIVETHEKEYRESULTOFTHESTUDYINTHETITLE,ASSEENINTHEFIRSTEXAMPLESIMILARLY,THEABOVETITLECOULDBERESTATEDASESTROGENSTIMULATESINTENSITYOFNOSETWITCHCOURTSHIPBEHAVIORINMICE4STRATEGYFORWRITINGTITLETOPOFPAGEABSTRACT1FUNCTIONANABSTRACTSUMMARIZES,INONEPARAGRAPHUSUALLY,THEMAJORASPECTSOFTHEENTIREPAPERINTHEFOLLOWINGPRESCRIBEDSEQUENCETHEQUESTIONYOUINVESTIGATEDORPURPOSE,FROMINTRODUCTIONSTATETHEPURPOSEVERYCLEARLYINTHEFIRSTORSECONDSENTENCETHEEXPERIMENTALDESIGNANDMETHODSUSED,FROMMETHODSCLEARLYEXPRESSTHEBASICDESIGNOFTHESTUDYNAMEORBRIEFLYDESCRIBETHEBASICMETHODOLOGYUSEDWITHOUTGOINGINTOEXCESSIVEDETAILBESURETOINDICATETHEKEYTECHNIQUESUSEDTHEMAJORFINDINGSINCLUDINGKEYQUANTITATIVERESULTS,ORTRENDSFROMRESULTS精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创6/28REPORTTHOSERESULTSWHICHANSWERTHEQUESTIONSYOUWEREASKINGIDENTIFYTRENDS,RELATIVECHANGEORDIFFERENCES,ETCABRIEFSUMMARYOFYOURINTERPETATIONSANDCONCLUSIONSFROMDISCUSSIONCLEARLYSTATETHEIMPLICATIONSOFTHEANSWERSYOURRESULTSGAVEYOUWHEREASTHETITLECANONLYMAKETHESIMPLESTSTATEMENTABOUTTHECONTENTOFYOURARTICLE,THEABSTRACTALLOWSYOUTOELABORATEMOREONEACHMAJORASPECTOFTHEPAPERTHELENGTHOFYOURABSTRACTSHOULDBEKEPTTOABOUT200300WORDSMAXIMUMAT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