非谓语动词重点考点

非谓语动词,不定式(todo)v+ing过去分词(done),不定式：考察哪些短语接不带to的不定式；canthelp/choosebutdo不得不,只能,不禁whynotdosth表示建议woulddoratherthando宁愿,更,还是为好,不定式：考察短语bebelieved/saidtodosth的用法考察动词不定式的时态和语态：进行式tobedoing,完成式tohavedone;一般式被动语态tobedone;完成式被动语态tohavebeendone。另外，不定式短语有将来时的意思.,不定式：在Its+adj.结构中都用不定式作主语。注意两种句型：Itseasy(difficult,hard,important,possible,impossible,comfortable,necessary,toomuch,toolittle,notenough)后加Itskind(nice,stupid,rude,clever,foolish,thoughtful,thoughtless,brave后加,forsb.todo,ofsb.todo,1.AIDSissaid_thenumber-onekillerofbothmenandwomenoverthepastfewyearsintheregion.(2002)A.beingB.tobeC.tohavebeenD.havingbeen2.TheMinisterofFinanceisbelieved_ofimposingnewtaxestoraiseextrarevenue.(2004)A.thatheisthinkingB.tobethinkingC.thatheistothinkD.tothink,C,B,动名词：1.必须接动名词做宾语的动词(动宾短语)acknowledge,advocate,anticipate,appreciate,avoid,admit,consider,escape,favor,finish,forgive,practice,postpone,recall,risk,resist,suggest,tolerate。如：Iappreciatehavingbeengiventheopportunitytostudyabroad.,动名词：2.介词后的ingprevent/stop/keepsb/sthfromdoing；spend/wastetime/moneyin；how/whataboutdoingsth；havesomedifficulty/troubleindoing；thereisnosenseindoing；thank/admire/praise/blame/scold/punishsbfordoingsth,动名词：3.动名词做介词短语(介宾短语)objectto,resortto,reactto,contributeto,lookforwardto,beaccustomedto,becommittedto,bedevotedto,bededicatedto,beopposedto,be(get)usedto,getdownto,taketo,onthewaytoIamlookingforwardtovisitingyourhometown.,分词：如果非谓语动词跟句子中的逻辑主语呈主动关系，用现在分词doing.如果非谓语动词跟句子中的逻辑主语呈被动关系，用过去分词done.see1.Seeingfromthemountain,weshouted“howareyoudoing”.2.Seenfromthemountain,thecitylooksmuchmorebeautiful.win/defeat1.Defeatedinthewar,thestatebegantobreakdown.2.Winningthewar,thecountrybegantoestablishitsownfinancialandpoliticalsystems.,现在分词作状语特性-时间性。与谓语动词同时发生，用一般时doing，发生在谓语动作之前时则用完成式havingdone。WatchingVSHavingwatched1.Watchingthemovie“Titanic”,hecouldnthelpcrying.2.Havingwatchedthemovie“Titanic”for5times,herefusedtogothecinemawithme.LivingVSHavinglived1.HavinglivedinChinafortenyears,hetookaChinesegirlashiswife.2.LivinginasmallcountrysideinChina,hespentallhistimeingardening.,分词的独立主格结构分词的逻辑主语一般为句子的主语，否则分词短语要有自己的逻辑主语，称为分词独立主格结构。,Thejobfinished,wewenthome.Thebellringing,weallstoppedtalking.,therebe非谓语动词的用法Therebe结构为非谓语形式时，be可以使不定式(tobe)或(being)，there作逻辑主语。非谓语形式的theretobe和therebeing结构可用作主语、宾语或者状语。,therebe非谓语动词的用法(1)做目的状语或程度状语时用fortheretobe，做其他状语用therebeing。如：Fortheretobeapleasantperformance,youmustpracticemore.(做目的状语)Itisntcoldenoughfortheretobeafrosttonight,soIcanleaveJimscaroutquitesafely.(做程度状语)Therebeingnofurtherquestions,wellstopheretoday.(做原因状语),therebe非谓语动词的用法(2)做除for外的介词宾语，用therebeing。如：Hewouldalwaysignorethefactoftherebeingsuchacontradictioninhisinnerthought.个人超级总结：有for,用theretobe,其他都用therebeing。,真题展示：3.There_nothingmorefordiscussion,themeetingcametoanendhalfanhourearlier.(2