灾难词汇集结.doc

灾难词汇集结一地震类 earthquake 地震shake 震动；摇晃tremor颤动；震动temblor 美语 地震hit 袭击、打击，使遭受jolt 使颠簸，摇晃rock 摇，摇动，使振动roll across 波动，起伏，横摇rip through 裂开，破开；突进，横撞直闯level 推倒，夷平flatten 夷为平地seismological 地震学上的seismology 地震学seismograph 地震仪seismographer 地震学家aftershock 余震smaller tremors 小地震large earthquake大地震epicenter 震中magnitude 震级near earthquake近震Richter Scale(1-10) 里氏震级at a scale of 7.8 on the Richter calculations 里氏7.8级地震earthquake monitoring 地震监控earthquake resistance抗震加固措施seismic source震源magnitude震级seismic intensity 引起的地面震动及其影响的强弱程度epicentre震中earthquake disaster prediction灾害预测earthquake resistant design抗震设计earthquake stricken area灾区hypocentral distance震源距ultra microearthquake (microtremor) 极微震imminent earthquake prediction临震预测post-earthquake recovery and reconstruction震后恢复与重建strong motion observation强震观测continental drift大陆漂移二泥石流类Mudslide 塌方 山崩Mud-rock flow 泥石流mudslide-stricken region 泥石流受灾地区geological disasters 地质灾害secondary disaster 次生灾害barrier lake 堰塞湖upper reaches 上游河段the water level of the lake 湖水水位the lakes water volume 湖水水量landslide 山体滑坡rain-triggered landslide 暴雨引发的山体滑坡raised riverbed 抬高的河床mountain torrents 山洪flood peak 洪峰landslides 山崩/滑坡discharge flood waters 分流洪水flood prevention ability 防洪能力downstream residences 下流住宅三 洪水类torrential downpours/rains 倾盆大雨a fierce storm 强风暴rainstorms 暴风雨torrential rain 暴雨the fury of a storm 狂风暴雨heavy rain 暴雨cloudburst （突然的）大暴雨the violent storm 暴风downpour 倾盆大雨a heavy rainfall 大雨，暴雨the bluster of the wind and rain 狂风暴雨pouring rain 瓢泼大雨tsunami 海啸the violent thunderstorms 强烈的雷暴rain cats and dogs 下倾盆大雨drought n. 干旱，旱灾storm/tempest/rainstorms 暴风雨floods/floodwater/inundation 洪水relief 救灾freshet 河水猛涨/涨水water levels 水位to burst their banks/breaching of the dyke 决堤/溃堤watercourses 河道/水道the flood level 洪水水位warning level 警戒水位flash floods 山洪暴发water discharge 水流量/排水water reservoirs 水库Office of State Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters 国家防汛抗旱总指挥部rescue boats 救生艇plug the breach 封堵决堤口inundate crops 淹没农田low-lying areas 低洼地区inflatable boats 充气艇rubber boats 橡皮艇fuel barrels 燃料桶life vests 救生衣tsunami 海啸El Nino厄尔尼诺四 其它类Land salinization土地盐碱化Haze灰霾Red Tide赤潮desertification土地沙漠化strike 突然发生；打击damage 损害；损伤destroy 毁坏，破坏；摧残shatter 破坏；捣毁；破灭devastate 蹂躏，破坏；使荒废；毁灭tsunami warning system 海啸预警系统tidal waves 潮汐波，浪潮natural disaster 自然灾害death toll 死亡人数victims 受灾者international contributions 国际援助evacuation 撤离blackout 断电/停电mass evacuation 大规模疏散the emergency rescue headquarters 紧急救援指挥部excavator 开凿机controlled explosions 受控爆炸golden window 救援黄金时间relief vehicles 救援车辆epidemic prevention 传染病预防psychological trauma 心理创伤voluntary rescue work 志愿救援工作bamboo bed 竹床disinfectant 消毒剂living subsidy 生活补助resettlement 重新安置death toll 死亡人数disaster areas 受灾地区evacuate 疏散stranded residents 受困居民temporary tents 临时帐篷settlements 临时居住点worst hit 最严重受灾地区emergency alert level 紧急警戒级别emergency materials 紧急援助物资collapse 崩溃abandoned被抛弃的pandemic，universal流行性的poultry， bird禽流感plague 瘟疫disaster 灾难bloody 血腥的carcase(carcass) （动物的）尸体turmoil 骚动pressure 强制golden Shield 金盾corpse尸体volcano 火山turbulence动荡snowslide snowslip avalanche雪崩landslide landslip avalanche山崩cyclone tornado 飓风 龙卷风typhoon 台风quicksand 流沙infectious disease contagion infection 传染病acid rain 酸雨hail hailstone冰雹blizzard 暴风雪Tropical storm热带风暴levin lightning fire-flag闪电thunder 打雷emerge vi.浮现；(问题)发生，暴露collapse vi. 倒塌；崩溃，突然失败；infect vt.传染；影响wreck vt. 毁坏;使失事；n.失事，残害;精神身体垮掉的人injure vt. 伤害，损伤transmit vt.传播，发射；传送，传染rescue vt. n. 营救，救援donate vt.捐赠，赠送accidental a.意外的，偶然的miserable a.痛苦的，悲惨的，可怜的fatal a.致命的，灾难性的；重大的vulnerable a.易受伤的，脆弱的；难防御的voluntary a. 自愿，主动地disaster n.灾难，大祸；彻底失败famine n.饥荒sandstorm沙尘暴destruction n.破坏 毁灭refugee n. 难民strap n. 带，皮带 vt.用带扣住；用绷带包扎foundation n.基础；基金会；建立flame n. 火焰collision n.碰撞；冲突charity n.救济金，施舍；慈善(团体)shelter n.遮蔽处；保护 vt.庇护；躲避hazard n. 危害 vt. 冒风险， 试着做事故词汇集结1) Nuclear accidents核事故Radioactive contamination放射性污染2) a charity performance 义演3) a homeless shelter 收容所4) a miserable cold 重感冒5) a plane wreck 飞机失事6) a refugee camp 难民营7) accident n.事故，意外;8) accidental a.意外的，偶然的9) accidental collision 意外碰撞10) accidental damage 意外损伤11) accidentally ad.意外地12) Asteroid小行星撞击地球13) burst into flame 猛烈的燃烧14) bury掩埋15) buoy救生圈16) calamity大灾祸，不幸之事17) casualty伤亡事故。18) cataclysm剧变，灾难（常指洪水或地震）19) catastrophe突如其来的大灾难20) charitable a. 仁爱的,慈爱的21) charity n.救济金，施舍;慈善(团体)22) claim for 要求23) claim vt.声称，索取，提出要求;(灾难)使死亡 n.索赔24) collapse vi. 倒塌;崩溃，突然失败;25) collision n.碰撞;冲突26) come to ones rescue 拯救27) corrosion腐蚀28) crash 空难29) damage 损害；损伤30) death toll 死亡人数31) destroy 毁坏，破坏；摧残32) destruction n. 破坏，毁灭33) destructive a.破坏性的，毁灭性34) derailment脱轨35) devastate 蹂躏，破坏；使荒废；毁灭36) disastrous a. 灾难性的37) donate vt.捐赠，赠送38) donation n. donator n.捐赠人39) emergency response plan scenario for destructive earthquake应急预案40) earthquake emergency response administration应急指挥机构41) strengthening measure for42) urgent measure for应急措施43) earthquake situation consultation震情会商44) earthquake shelter避难场所45) earthquake emergency紧急46) earthquake disaster affection灾情47) educational foundations 教育基金会48) emerge from 浮现49) emerge vi.浮现;(问题)发生，暴露50) emergence n.形成，出现;51) emergency n.紧急情况52) evacuation 撤离53) fatal a.致命的，灾难性的;重大的54) fall坠落55) fear恐惧56) flame n. 火焰57) flaming a.燃烧的58) flatten 夷为平地59) forecast预报60) foundation n.基础;基金会;建立61) food poisoning 食物中毒62) ground subsidence地面塌陷63) hazard n. 危害 vt. 冒风险， 试着做64) hazard ones life 冒生命危险65) hazardous a. 危险的，冒险的66) hit 袭击、打击，使遭受67) infection n.感染68) injure vt. 伤害，损伤69) injury n. 伤害70) injury 使受伤害71) international contributions 国际援助72) jolt 使颠簸，摇晃73) key area for earthquake surveillance and protection重点监视防御区74) lay claim to 声称对由权利;75) level 推倒，夷平76) miserable a.痛苦的，悲惨的，可怜的77) misery n. 痛苦78) natural disaster 自然灾害79) Oil spill is a disaster. 漏油是大灾难.80) out of charity 处于仁慈之心81) parachute降落伞82) reconstruction重建83) refugee n. 难民84) relief 救灾85) rescue team 救援小组86) rescue vt. n. 营救，救援87) rip through 裂开，破开；突进，横撞直闯88) rock and mud slides 泥石流89) rock 摇，摇动，使振动90) roll across 波动，起伏，横摇91) sacrifice 牺牲92) sandstorm沙尘暴93) shatter 破坏；捣毁；破灭94) shelter n.遮蔽处;保护 vt.庇护;躲避95) sheltered a.遮蔽的，受庇护的96) shipwreck海难97) social welfare 社会福利98) spread out 散开伸张，延伸99) spread vt.展开;散布，蔓延;涂;n.传播，蔓延100) strap n. 带，皮带 vt.用带扣住;用绷带包扎101) strike 突然发生；打击102) survival n.存活 survivor n.幸存者 survive v.幸存103) Survivors were rescued by helicopter.生还者被直升机营救.104) The disease is transmitted among people.疾病在人群中蔓延.105) The famine triggered wars. 饥荒引起了很多战争.106) The miners survived in the mine accident 矿工于矿难中生还107) the rapid spread of cholera 霍乱的迅速蔓延108) The roof collapsed suddenly. 屋顶突然塌了。109) tidal waves 潮汐波，浪潮110) to combat the drought 抗旱111) to donate money/blood 捐款/鲜血112) to strap the wound 包扎伤口113) transmission n.传播114) transmit vt.传播，发射;传送，传染 115) tsunami warning system 海啸预警系统116) upheaval动乱，大变动117) victims 受灾者118) voluntary a. 自愿，主动地119) voluntary contribution 自愿捐款120) volunteer n./vi. 志愿者121) volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事122) vulnerable a.易受伤的，脆弱的;难防御的123) welfare n.福利;福利救济124) wreck vt. 毁坏;使失事;n.失事，残害;精神身体垮掉的人125) wreckage n.残骸关于高铁事故Absolute speed limit 绝对速限 Abutment 桥台；桥座 Aceleration Lane 加速车道 Access 出入口Access Lane 出入车道 Access ramp 出入引道 Access Road System 连络道路系统 Accident 肇事；事故；意外事件 Accident (Crash) Occurrence 事故发生 Accident (Crash) Rate 事故率Accident (Crash) Severity 事故严重性Accident Analysis 事故分析；意外分析；肇事分析Accident Assessment 事故鉴定 Accident Casualty 事故伤亡 Accident Cause 事故原因 Accident Hazardous Location 易肇祸路段 Accident Investigation 事故调查 Accident Liability Assessment 事故责任鉴定 Accident Management 意外管理 Accident Reconstruction 事故重建 Accident Risk 事故风险 Accident Severity 事故严重度 Active Warning Device 主动警告设施 Actual travel time 实际行驶时间 Aerial perspective 鸟噉图；空中透视 Air resistance 空气阻力 Allied Soil 杂质土 All-night parking 整夜停车 Allowable Bearing Capacity 容许承载量 Allowable Bearing Stress 容许承载应力 Allowable load 容许载重 Allowable settlement 容许沉陷量 Amber Arrow 箭头黄灯 Amber Flashing 闪光黄灯 Amber light, Yellow interval 黄灯 Arterial route 干线 Asphalt, Asphalt Cement, Asphalt Binder 沥青（美国用语）；沥青胶泥 Asphalt additive 沥青添加剂 Average delay per vehicle 每车平均延滞Average Minimum Headway 平均最小间距 Average Parking Duration 平均停车延时 Average Running Speed 平均行驶速率 At-grade crossings 铁道交叉口Brake failure, Defective brake 煞车失灵 Brake light 煞车灯 Brake Reaction time 煞车反应时间；制动反应时间 Braking Distance 剎车视距（停车视距） Braking system 煞车系统 Bridge 桥梁 Bridge Abutment 桥台 Bridge bearing 桥支承 Bridge deck 桥面板 Bridge deck/floor 桥面 Bull Dozer 堆土机 Bullet train 动车Breakdowns 故障Business class 商务座Ballastless track 无碴轨道Cab Signal 车厢号志 Car body 车体 Collision 冲撞；碰撞 Conventional high-speed rail 常规高速铁路Dedicated rail link 铁路专线Do not enter 车道禁止进入；不准进入；请勿进入Do not enter