演示与沟通技巧

演示与沟通技巧,CONTENTS内容,Programme纲领Introduction介绍Communication沟通Presentation演示,PROGRAMMEatwodayinteractivecourse纲领一个为期二日的参与的课程,Objectives目标：Understandtheelementsofclearcommunication了解在清晰的沟通中有关的因素Developdifferentstrategiesforcommunicatingwithdifferenttypesofpeople用不同的策略与不同类型的人作沟通,Createinterestingandattentiongettingpresentations创造一种使人感兴趣和令人注目的方式Overcomefearandcreaterightatmosphere克服害怕和制造正确的气氛Relatetotheaudienceandgettheirconviction紧密联系听众和取得他们的信任Inspiretheiraudiencestotakeaction感激听众们采取参与的行动,Day10900to1715hours第一日0900至1715,CourseIntroduction课程介绍0900principlesofcommunication沟通的原理0930realityandperception真实和领会1045typesofcommunication沟通和种类1130communicationstrategies沟通策略1200Lunch午餐1230Presentation-1展示11330Presentation-2展示21545Summary摘要1700,Day20900to1700hours第一日0900至1700,Presentation-3展示30900Lunch午餐1230Presentation-4展示41330Reviewandclose回顾与总结1700Therewillbeshortbreaksatmid-morningsandmid-afternoons在早上和下午会期间会有短暂休息,INTRODUCTION介绍,Wespendalmostallourlivescommunicatingwithandrelatingtoothers.Afewpeoplearenaturallygoodcommunicatorsbutmostofushavetoacquireanddevelopthoseskills.Itrequiresextensivepracticetobecomeagoodspeakerandinfluenceothers.我们生活的大部分时间都耗费在与其他人的沟通上，某些人天生就有好的沟通能力，但大多数的人要去学得和建立那些技巧，这需要多方面的练习才能成为一个好的演说家和具有影响力的领导。,Manygoodideaswereneverimplementedbecausenooneeverheardaboutthem.Similarly,manygoodpeoplehavebeenoverlookedduringtheircareersbecausenooneelseknewabouttheirideas.Theirabilitytocommunicateideasisimportantwithinbusinessandcanmakeabigdifferenceandimprovementtoeveryoneslives.有很多好主意而从来不会实施的原因，是没有人听取意见；很多人在他们的事业上被忽视的原因，同样也是无人知道他们的意见。沟通技能在商业上是十分重要的，它能使一个人出类拔粹和改善每一个人的生活。,INTRODUCTION介绍,AmongtheCaptainsofIndustryandworldleadersnotallhavehadthebenefitsofextensiveformaleducationandyettheyhaverisentothetope.g.,RichardBranson(Virgin).Everyleadermustbeabletocommunicationwellandgetotherstoseetheirdreamsandsharetheirgoals.Effectivecommunicationispowerful.在著名企业的领导者和国际领导人之中，不是所有的人都经过正统的教育而受益，现在他们得以升至最高权位，例如理查德布莱森（维珍），每一个领导人要有良好沟通能力才能使得他人去了解他们的梦想和分享他们的目的。,INTRODUCTION介绍,Thiscourseisdesignedtoemphasizetheprinciples,illustratethetoolsandtechniquesandprovideopportunitytopracticethemethodsoutlined.Itaddresses慺ear?andshowshowtoovercomeanxietyandbecomeabetterspeaker.Itisyourchancetojoininandthroughparticipation,improveyourskillswhentalkingtolargeaudiences.这个课程是设计用来研究出那些原则，例证，工具和科技及提供机会去练习所讲述的方法。它说服忧虑和呈示如何去克服焦虑及成为一个好的演说家，它给你一个好机会，使你来参加和通过参与，改善你的技巧，在与大群观众面前讲话时不怯场。,INTRODUCTION介绍,COMMUNICATION沟通,DaleCarnegiecalledtheartofcommunicating搕hefundamentalexpressionofhumanpersonality.?AuthorStephenCoveycallsit搕hemostimportantskillinlife.戴尔卡内基称交流艺术为“个人性格的基本表达”。史蒂芬科维称之为“生活中最重要的技巧”。Poorinternalcommunicationsandpoorexternalcommunications,handicapgrowththedevelopingofpeople,andthepositiveevolutionofaqualityorcontinuousimprovementprocess.内外交流的不畅对组织的成长，个人的发展，质量的改进和连续的进步产生了很大的影响。,BARRIERSToCOMMUNICATION沟通障碍,Notbeingfullyawareofourownassumptions,viewpoints,feelingsandconstructs.不完全清楚自己的设想、观点、感情和意图。Notbeingfullyawareoftheassumptions,viewpoints,feelingsandconstructsofthosewithwhomweseektocommunicate.不完全了解交流对象的设想、观点、感情和意图。Notbringingintoharmonytheabove.未能成功地协调双方的设想、观点、感情和意图。,Lackofproductiveperson-to-personcontacts.缺乏有效的人与人之间的接触。Lackofaclimateinwhichpeoplefeeltospeakupandoffersuggestionandideas.未能制造轻松的气氛，使双方能自由地发表自己的观点和意见。Failuretolistencarefullytowhatothershavetosaybeforeofferingcommentsorsuggestions在加以评价和提出建议之前没有仔细听取对方的意见。,BARRIERSToCOMMUNICATION沟通障碍,BARRIERSToCOMMUNICATION沟通障碍,Failuretolistentotheemotionalcontentofwhatothersaresaying没有领会对方谈话中的感情因素。Lackofmutualtrusts,respectandconfidence.缺乏相互信赖和尊重，缺乏信任感。Writingorspeakingabovethecomprehensionofthepeoplewithwhomwearecommunicating.书面和口头交流超出了对方的理解力。,Failuretoevaluatetheeffectivenessofourcommunications.对交流的有效性缺乏正确的评价。Failuretoinvolveassociatesincreativetypeconferencesandmotivethemcontributetheirideas.没有刺激同伴发挥其创造力，没有鼓励他们发表自己的意见。,BARRIERSToCOMMUNICATION沟通障碍,SOMECOMMONMISTAKESINCOMMUNICATION交流中常见的错误,Wetalktoomuchandlistentoolittle.说得太多，听得太少。（夸夸其谈）Wefailtolistenempathetically.没有投入地听取对方意见。（设身处地）Weareunawareofsuchnon-verbalcommunicationasfacialexpressions,mannerism,andthelike.未能捕捉到面部表情、眼神等非语言交流信息。（过于自信）,SOMECOMMONMISTAKESINCOMMUNICATION交流中常见的错误,Weassumetherestproblemisonething,whenitmaybesomethingquitedifference.自以为了解真正的问题，实际不然。(刚愎自用）Wedonotrecognizetheimportanceofthecommunicationprocess.没有认识到交流的重要性。（强权管理）Wemakethemistakeofbelievingthatallpeoplebehaveinuniformways,andweignoretheirindividuality.错误地认为所有人的行为方式相同，忽视了交流对象的个性。（以一概全）,SOMECOMMONMISTAKESINCOMMUNICATION交流中常见的错误,Wefailtorealizethatmostmanagementproblemscanbetracedtopoorcommunication.没有意识到大多数管理问题都是交流不畅所致。（畅所欲言）Weoftenforgetthatitisnotjustwhatwesaythatcommunicatesourthoughtstoothers,butwhatwedo.忘记了交流不仅仅需要语言，不需要行动。（口是心非）,LADDER阶梯L=LOOK(EYECONTACT)看（眼神接触）A=ASK问D=DONOTINTERRUPT不打断他人D=DONOTCHANGETHETOPIC不转换话题E=EMOTION情感R=RESPONSE反应,COMMUNICATION交流,Listening听,EAR,YOU,LEADERSHIP,HEART,EYES,UNDIVIDEDATTENTION,THEPROBLEMwithLISTENING听取意见时存在时的问题,WedontListenwiththeIntenttoUnderstand,WeListenwiththeIntenttoRespond!我们听取意见的动机并非理解，而是反应,IGNORECOMPLETELY完全漠视对方的意见,PRETENDTOLISTEN心不在焉地听,LISTENSELECTIVELY有选择地听,LISTENATTENTIVELY全神贯注地听,THECOMMUNICATIONSLOOP交流环,Information信息,Receiver接收信息者,Sender发出信息者,Feedback反馈,AKeytoReducingMisunderstanding减少误解的关键,PresentationandCommunicationskills,展示及沟通技巧,互相交换,Communication沟通,Communication沟通,PURPOSE:目的conveyinformation传达讯息makesomethinghappen令某些事物发生,REQUIRESPLANNING要求有计划,ProcessingInformation处理资讯,3dominantapproaches:,VISUAL视觉的liketobeshown喜欢景象的,AUDIO听觉的liketobetold喜欢谈论的,EMOTIONAL感觉的appealtobefeelings要求有感受的,Communication沟通,CONSIDERATIONS考虑：whatinformation什么资料whointendedfor谁感兴趣intendedresult预期结果how(method)怎样做（方法）,Communication沟通,AIMtobe:,purposed有目的的structured有组织的inviting有魅力的timely合时宜的usersensitive使用者有感受的,Communication沟通,USE使用facts（事实）evidence（根据）AVOID避免ambigulty（意义不明确）vagueness（含糊）,Communication沟通,Supportcontentswithillustrations用图解来支援内容,Communication沟通,Lever=tosuituser阶段使用者适宜的style=corporate/person形式团体的/个人的applystandards使用标准keepitsimple/brief保持简单/简短showcourtesy/care展示殷勤/关怀,Communication沟通,PRACTICEGOODLISTENING练习良好聆听findarea(s)ofinterest找寻使感兴趣的地方focusoncontentnotdelivery焦点在于内容不是在传达上keepanopenmind保持一个开放见解delayjudgment延迟作出判断resistdistraction抗拒令你分/烦扰的事物beflexible保存能变通的,Communication沟通,WRITING书写aimfordefinition&clarity目标放在定义及清晰度dontchopdowntrees不要砍下树木,Communication沟通,AUTHOR-consider作者考虑wheretostart&end由哪里开始及完结whattoinclude包括什么whattoemphasise强调什么,Cross-culturalCommunications多种文化的沟通,observeprotocols注意外交礼仪speakslowly说话慢慢地avoidjargon避免术语besensitive是有感觉的seekcommonareas寻找共合之处的sticktoscript遵守原稿,Presentation展示,Presentation展示,Input输入what什么when何时where哪里howlong多久whowillattend谁会出席,Information资讯,Source来源business商业上colleagues同事间journals刊物library图书馆tradeassociations贸易社团newsmedia新闻媒介,Audience-assessment观众评估,whatwilltheyexpect/whattoyou?什么会是他们期待的/什么是你期待的？whatistheirknowledgeofthesubject?他们对题目有什么认识？aretheirviewsfavorable?他们的观感是否赞同？whoarethey&thelikelyagerange?他们是谁及年龄范围？,dotheyunderstandthevocabulary?他们会不会明白所用的用语？technicalornon-technical?专业的或非专业的？willtheybeopenmind?他们会不会有开放见解？whatwillmostgettheirinterest?什么最能取得他们的兴趣？whatshouldtheyremember?什么是他们应该记得的？,Audience-assessment观众评估,Audiencetypes观众类别,broadgroup层面广阔的观众bemoreinformal尽量用通俗性的/不拘礼仪usegeneralexample取用一般例子selectgroup挑选的观众bemoretechnical用专业性的用语,considerkey重视重要的participants参与者aimatthedecisionmakers目标放在那些有决定权的人anticipateobjects预计会有异议anticipatequestions预计会有问题发问,Audience观众,Planning计划,Considerachecklist考虑一个核对表:before要做的是之前ontheday在当天during过期间after之后,Planning计划,PURPOSE目的explain解说inform通知getconviction取得确信getaction取得动作反应entertain娱乐性,Drafting草稿,1.writingobjective写下方针2.notedownideas记下观念3.organize组织4.writeopening写出开场白5.writespeech写出演讲稿6.writeconclusion写出结果7.edit,re-write修改，回顾,Planning计划,Aimtoget目标取得是：Attention注意&Interest和兴趣。Also,ifappropriate加之，如果适当的：Conviction确信,Commitment承诺,Agreement认同。,Planning计划,Focusononemaintheme焦点在一个题目Keepitsimple,dontoverload保持其简洁，不要充填过多Testbycondensingintooneminute测试将它浓缩成一分钟！,Planning计划,INTRODUCTION引导Saywhatyouwilltell讲你想讲的DEVELOPMENT发展Tellthem-告知他们(3thing3ways3times)三件事，三种方法，三个时间CONCLUSION结论Saywhatyoutoldthem讲你告诉他们的THANKS多谢,Preparation预备工夫,prepareearly提前准备writeitdown写下来gooverit-silently阅读一遍不作声的gooveraloud-often高声读出经常地recordit录音tryonfamily向家人作练习,Supportingmaterials支援材料,overheads投影片computerslides电脑幻灯片videos/films录影带/影片others其他,Overheads投影,keepsimple保持简单4-6dotpointsonly只有四至六个论点的圆点usecolour用色illustratesimply简单地解释confinetoonetopic限制在一个题目allowav.5minseach每一张容许约五分钟,Overheads投影,Fontsize(24ptminimum)字体面积（最小24针）,Adoptsamestandardsandstylethroughout在整个过程中采用相同的标准和形式DontphotocopyfromnormaltextorA4pages不要从一般原文或A4纸页翻印,Rehearsal预习,Learnthematerialandnotthewords学习那些材料而不是文字Memoriseopening记熟开场白Practiceusingamirror用镜子自我练习,Anxiety焦虑,Anaturalreaction这是一个自然反应learntocontrolit学习如何控制它,Anxiety焦虑,knowthetopic审阅题目knowtheaudience了解听众organiseyourself组织工作practice&rehearse练习及预演focusonthetopic焦点放在题目上,Anxiety焦虑,visualise/walkit想像/在现场through(fromarrival)（由到达）practicewiththe练习使用仪器equipmentetc.或供应等breathedeeply深呼吸tense&relaxmuscles拉紧或放松肌肉dontholdpapersorfingerthings不要用手取东西focusonaudience(eyes)焦点在观众的眼睛,外观appearance站立要直standstraight正常地呼吸breathedeeply练习移位practicemovement,Presentation展示,beenthusiastic有热诚的establisheyecontact建立眼部接触movearound向四处移动bebrief保持精简doyourbest做你最好的YOUARETHEEXPERT你是个专家,Onarrival在到达时,Beearly要提早usechecklist取用核对表room-layout,lighting,temperature,exit,reception&manning场所：陈设、光线、温度、出路、接待处和接待人员boardsanddisplay展示板和陈列pensandpointers笔和指针handouts,namecards分发的印刷品、名片,Beforeyoustart上台之前,checkequipment检查供应品plugsandleads插座和电源lightswitches灯光管制howtouse使用方法test&setup测试和装置positioning位置back-up支援,Delivery演说的态度,practicebeingcomfortable练习到随意的程度,donthide不要隐藏,useboldmovementsanimate用强调的动作有活力的,makeyoureyecontact用眼部接触微笑,Delivery演说的态度,talkmoreloudly说话大声点addressthecorners向在角落的观众称呼avoidmonotone避免无变化地说talkmoreslowly说话缓慢点usepauses用暂停（间中稍作短暂停顿）,Delivery演说的态度,Toholdattention保持注意力askquestions询问问题takeshortbreaks采用短暂休息varypace采用不同的进度usevividanecdotes用生动的趣闻轶事,Av.attentionspan10mins.一般注意力时间为10分钟。,Delivery演说的态度,Readspeech阅读演讲稿safest要谨慎地morepolished更精练的needrehearsal需要排演的lacksspontaneity缺少自然感,Delivery演说的态度,tellstories讲述故事usewordpictures用生动的描述字句movement动态humour幽默？損rops?“小道具”short(av.time20mins)简短（大约时间二十分钟）,Delivery演说的态度,Controloverhead控制幻灯展示Dontblockprojection不要挡住投影仪feedmaterialsoneway摆放材料从一个方向keeptidy-youmayneedtoreferback保持整洁方便你再需要时用,Delivery演说的态度,68inches68英寸距离Dontblockface不要阻挡脸部speaknaturally自然地说话,dontpoint不要指点donthandle,taporblow不要处理，轻敲或吹动checkbeforeuse在用之前先检查useclip-on,ifavailable可以的话用夹子夹着,Credibility可靠性,behonest表现真诚的understandviewpoints明白着眼点showyouaretheexpert表现你是那方面的专家usefacts(nottoomany)用事实（不要太多）quoteauthorities引述权威的著作raisequestions提出问题invitequestions邀请问题,Questions问题,anticipate预计Whatyoumaybeasked你可能被问及到的一些问题preparesometoask准备一些问题,Questions问题,givetimelyfeedback给予合时宜的回应addinterest加些趣味性enablereinforcement提供帮助的物品allowspontane