英语专八人文知识.doc

Tem 8 人文知识练习Exercise 11 _is the largest city and the chief port of the United States.A Washington D.C. B Los Angeles C San Francisco D New York City2 _ enjoys the worst social and economic conditions.A Blacks B Hispanics C Indians D Asian Americans3 Washington D.C. is named after_.A the U.S. President George WashingtonB Christopher ColumbusC both George Washington and Christopher ColumbusD none of them4 American and British English are two_ of the English language.A varieties B elements C parts D form5 The first American president to be elected from the Republican Party was_.A Thomas Jefferson B James Monroe C James Madison D Abraham Lincoln6 Of the fifty states, the smallest state in area is_.A Rhode Island B Virginia C Texas D Montana7 The national flag of the United States is known as_.A the Star-Spangled Banner B Uncle Sam C Hot Dog D Union Jack8 The number of the Representatives from each American state depends on the _.A contribution a state has made to the nationB populationC sizeD none of the above9 The tern “Father of Waters” is used to refer to _.A the Amazon River B the Mississippi River C the Nile River D the Hudson River10 The statue of liberty was given to American people by_ as a gift in 1884.A France B Spain C Italy D Britain练习题答案及题解:1 D, 纽约是美国最大的城市同时也是最重要的经济中心和最主要的港口。2 A, 黑人在美国的经济和社会地位都最为低下。3 C, 首都命名为华盛顿是为了纪念美国的第一任总统乔治华盛顿，而联邦直辖区命名为哥伦比亚特区是为了纪念第一位从欧洲横渡大西洋到达西半球的探险家克里斯多拂哥伦布。4 A, 美国英语和英国英语是英语语言的两种变体。5 D, 美国历史上的第一位共和党总统是亚伯拉罕林肯。6 A, 美国国土面积最小的是罗得岛。7 A, 美国的国旗是星条旗。8 B, 美国每个州派往众议院的代表人数应与本州人口成比例。9 B, 美国的“众河之父”指的是密西西比河。10 A, 美国的自由女神像是法国人赠予的礼物。Exercise 21 Ernest Hemingway is _.A Englishman B American C Dutch D Denmark2 John Fitzgerald Kennedy is _ president.A 35th B 34th C 33rd D 32nd 3 In 1837, the first college-level institution for women , Mount Holyoke Female Seminary , opened in _ to serve the “ Muslim sex”.A New England B Virginia C Massachusetts D New York4 The capital of Massachusetts is _.A Providence B Boston C Montpelier D Augusta5 _ is the dividing line between the South and North.A The Hudson River B The Potomac River C The Ohio River D The Missouri River6 _ is Washingtons largest city.A Boise B Denver C Tacoma D Seattle7 Washington D.C., the capital of U.S. is situated on the _River banks.A St. Lawrence B Hudson C Potomac D Missouri8 When did the American Civil War break out?A 1775 B 1812 C 1861 D 18639 Who prepared the draft of the Declaration of Independence?A John Adams B Thomas Jefferson C Benjamin Franklin D John Hancock10 In which day is Halloween celebrated?A 5 November B 31 October C 17 March D 25 December练习题答案及题解:1 B,文坛巨匠海明威是美国人。2 A,肯尼迪是美国的第35任总统。3 C,美国的第一所女子学院开设于马萨诸塞州。4 B,麻省的首府是波士顿。5 D,美国南北的分界线是密苏里河，东西的分界线是密西西比河。6 D,华盛顿州的最大城市是西雅图。7 C,华盛顿特区位于波托马克河上。8 C,美国内战爆发于1861年，结束于1865年。9 B,为美国起草独立宣言的是托马斯杰弗逊。10 B,万圣节前夕是10月的最后一天即10月31号。Exercise 31 The following were the founding fathers of the American Republic except _.A George Washington B Thomas Jefferson C William Penn D Benjamin Franklin2 The New Deal was started by _.A Franklin Roosevelt B J.K. KennedyC George Washington D Thomas Jefferson3 The United States was rated _ in the world in terms of land areas.A second B third C fourth D fifth4 The expenditure in American public schools is guided or decided by _.A Teachers B students C headmaster D boards of education5 The Bill of Rights consists of _.A 10 very short paragraphs in an amendmentB 10 amendments adopted in 1787C 10 amendments added to the Constitution in 1791D the amendments concerning the freedom of speech, the freedom of the press and the freedom of religion6 The United States produces as much as much as half of the worlds _.A wheat and rice B cotton C tobacco D soybeans and corn7 Which invention marked the beginning of “The Age of Visual Information”?A Newspaper B Telegraph C Laundry machine D Television8 The theory of American politics and the American Revolution originated mainly from _.A George Washington B Thomas Jefferson C John Adams D John Locke9 The District of Manhattan is in the city if _.A Washington D.C. B San Francisco C New York D Chicago10 The seats in the Senate are allocated to different states_.A according to their populationB according to their sizeC according to their tax paid to federal governmentD equally练习题答案及题解1 C, 华盛顿、杰弗逊和弗兰克林都是美国创建时的元老功勋、而William Penn 是美国宾州的创始人。2 A, 新政是罗斯福为了应对美国经济大萧条而提出的。3 C, 就面积而言， 美国是世界第四大国。4 D, 对此有决定权的是教育委员会。5 C, 人权法案是于1791年增补到宪法法案上来的前十条修正案。6 D, 美国出产占世界一半的是大豆和玉米。7 D, 开创人类视觉信息革命的重大发明是电视机。8 D, 美国的许多政治观念都是来源于英国著名哲学家约翰洛克。9 C, 曼哈顿是纽约市的著名经济和商业区， 也是纽约的中心地带。10 D, 美国每一个州在参议院中均有两位议员作为代表，与各州人口无关和众议院不同）。Exercise 41 The Rocky Mountains is located in _.A Great Britain B Australia C South Africa D North America2 Hollywood, the centre of American movie industry, is closest to which city?A Los Angles B Chicago C New York D Washington3 Which of the following is an American newspaper?A The Guardian B Newsweek C The International Herald Tribune D The Daily Telegraph4 The U.S. is called a “melting pot” because _.A its steel industry is highly developedB it has great influence on the worldC it is an important economic center of the worldD people from different races live there together5 The first Puritans came to America on the ship _.A Codpeed B Susan Constant C May Flower D Discovery6 Americans celebrate Memorial Day on the last Monday in May to honor those who have _.A given their lives for their countryB made great scientific discoveriesC won American great reputation in sportsD donated large amounts of money to the country7 “Trick or Treat” is a phrase that children often use when they celebrated _.A New Years Day B Veterans Day C Halloween D Christmas8 The Easter egg and the hare, two of the symbols most frequently associated with Easter, are considered to present _.A vigor and bravery B fertility and new life C originality and speed D happiness and fun9 Which of the following books is not written by Mark Twain, whose real name is Samuel Langhorne Clemens?A The Adventures of Tom SawyerB The Adventures of Huckleberry FinnC Life on the MississippiD Leaves of grass10 Which of the following books is written by Washington Irving?A Nature B The Scarlet Letter C The Sketch Book D Farewell to Arms练习题答案及题解:1 D, 落基山脉位于美国西北部， 向东南延伸。2 A, 好莱坞和迪士尼均位于洛杉矶。3 B, 新闻周刊是美国的报纸， 而国际先驱论坛是法国的， 卫报和每日电讯为英国的。4 D, 美国被称之为“大熔炉”是因为来自世界各地的人们所带来的各自的文化在此交融形成独特的多元文化特征。5 C, 首批清教徒到美国时乘坐的船是“五月花号”。6 A, Memorial Day 是美国的阵亡将士纪念日。7 C, 万圣节是美国的传统节日。万圣节前夜， 孩子们带着各种面具， 穿着奇异的衣服，跑到邻居家门前，高声喊着：“Trick or Treat”，向大人们讨要糖果。不给的邻居就会遭到小孩的恶作剧。8 B, 复活节彩蛋和兔子是“多产和新生”的象征。9 D, Leaves if grass 是 Walt Whitman 的作品。10 C, Washington Irving 被称作是美国文学之父， 这是他最有名的作品。A 是 Ralph W. Emerson 的作品, B 是 Nathaniel Hawthorne 的作品, D 是 Earnest Hemingway 的作品。Exercise 51 The world-famous Havard University is in _.A Massachusetts B New York C Washington D.C. D Maine2 Which of the following statements about American education is wrong?A Elementary and secondary education in America is free and compulsoryB Private schools are financially supported by religious or nonreligious private organizations or individuals.C There are more public colleges and universities than the private onesD Credits taken at community colleges are normally applicable to requirement for a four-year bachelors degree.3 _ is a symbol of American theatre and world-class entertainment.A Broadway B Wall Street C The Fifth Avenue D Times Square4 _ is not a tourist attraction in the United States.A Yellowstone National Park B Grand Canyon C St. Patricks Cathedral D Stonehenge 5 _ was an actor before he became the President.A Ronald Reagan B Abraham Lincoln C Herbert Hoover D Jimmy Carter6 New Englanders were originally known as _, which come to stand for all Americans.A Hippies B Yankees C Uncle Sam D Brother Jonathan7 On the 30th of April 1789, George Washington took the oath of office in _, which housed the government then.A New York B Washington D.C. C Philadelphia D Boston8 Which of the following people was not an American President?A John Hancock B John Adams C John Q. Adams D Jimmy Carter9 Henry Fond was the first man to _.A design a plane B fly an aeroplane C mass-produciton D design and make a car10 “That government of the people, by the people, for the people, ”were the words by _.A Thomas Jefferson B Abraham Lincoln C Andrew Johnson D Theodore Roosevelt 练习题答案及题解:1 A, 哈佛大学位于马萨诸塞州的剑桥(Cambridge)镇。2 C, 在美国， 私立高等教育机构要多于公立的。象麻省理工， 耶鲁大学， 哈佛大学都是私立的。3 A, 百老汇是一条由南向北贯穿曼哈顿全岛的大道， 其中心地带是在第42借“时代广场”附近， 周围云集了几十家剧院， 上演被称为现代歌舞剧的剧目。4 D, Stonehenge 在英国， 是古代城池的遗迹。5 A, 里根从政前曾经在好莱坞闯荡20多年，参与演出了50多部电影。6 B, Yankees 一词具有丰富的含义。 现在用于代表美国人，俗称美国佬。 在美国南部，Yankee是指美国北部各州的居民， 即北方佬；而对多数美国人来说，Yankee 意味着新英格兰人。7 A, 1789年George Washington 在纽约宣誓就职， 1790年首都迁往费城。 1800年以后定都华盛顿。8 A, John Hancock，因其当时在独立宣言上的签名很大，他的名字在美语里变成了签名的代名词。9 C, Henry Ford 早期是一名技师， 虽然没有发明汽车， 但他是第一位批量生产汽车的人。10 B, 这是Abraham Lincoln 于1863年11月19日在葛底斯堡阵亡将士墓举行落成仪式上发表的著名的葛底斯堡演说的片语。 Exercise 61.The Declaration of Independence was adopted by the Second Continental Congress on July 4,_A 1774 B 1778 C 1775 D 17762.The second largest state of the United States is _A Texas B Alaska C California D Hawaii3.The backbone of North America refers to the _A Appalachian Mountains B Rocky MountainsC Cascade Mountains D Sierra Nevada Mountains4. The headquarter of the United Nations is located in _.A Washington D.C. B Geneva C New York D Boston5.Each of the fifty states of the USA elects _ senators.A 10 B 4 C 3 D 26.The most famous leaders of black movements in the U.S were_A Douglas B Martin Luther King C Malcolm X D Garrison7.The Bill of Rights was introduced by _ in U.S.A Jefferson B Washington C James Madison D John Adams8. When the president of the U.S signs an act passed by Congress into law, it still can be cancelled if _.A the lower federal court decides that it goes against previous lawsB the Supreme Court decides that it goes against previous lawsC the lower federal court decides it is unconstitutionalD the Supreme Court decides it is unconstitutional9.China and America established diplomatic relations in January _A 1972 B 1976 C 1978 D 197910.Which of the following is not a top American magazine?A Readerss Digest B USA Today C TV Guide D National Geographic答案：1. D 独立宣言是在1776年发表的，而独立战争是在1775年爆发。2. A 阿拉斯加是美国最大的州，第二大的是南部的德克萨斯州。3. B 洛基山脉从北美的西北延伸到东南，是北美的主干山脉，贯穿美国的主要河流。4. C 联合国总部位于美国纽约曼哈顿第一大道上，1952年投入使用。5. D 美国有50个州，每州两名参议员，所以共100名参议员。而众议院的人数是根据各州的人数按比例决定的。6. B 马丁路德金 是黑人运动的英雄人物，以代表演说I have a dream闻名。7. C 权利和自由法案是詹姆斯.麦德逊于1791年提出的。8. D 美国最高法院对宪法有最终解释权。9. D 尼克松总统在1972年访问中国，与毛泽东主席会晤，但是在1979年才正式建立中美外交关系。10.B 今日美国是美国有名的报纸，并非杂志。Exercise 71.The Enlightenment was a progressive intellectual movement throughout Western Europe in the _ century.A 18th B 19th C 17th D 20th2.The Victorian Age was largely and age of _, eminently represented by Dickens and Thackerary.A pessimism B naturalism C modernism D critical realism3.To be, or not to beis quoted from_A King Lear B Hamlet C Julius Caesar D Romeo and Juliet4.Shylock is a character in _A The Merchant of Venice B The Twelfth Night C The Winters Tale D Macbeth5.This line If Winter comes, can spring be far behind? is quoted from _A Don Juan B Kubla Khan C To Autumn D Ode to the West Wind6.Among the following poets, which is NOT a lake poet?A William Wordsworth B Samuel Taylor Coleridge C Robert Southey D William Collins7.In Paradise Lost, the real hero created by Milton is _A God B Adam C Eve D Satan8.William Blakes The Tiger is collected in _A Songs of Innocence B Songs of Experience C Marriage of Heaven and Hell D Poetical Sketches9.Which of the following poems is NOT written by George Gordon Byron?A She Walks in Beauty B The solitary Reaper C When We Two Parte D Childe Harolds Prigrimage10.It is generally regarded that Keats most important and mature poems are in the form of _答案：1.A 启蒙运动是18世纪充斥着整个西欧的思想运动。2.D 维多利亚时代以哈代，狄更斯等的现实主义小说闻名。3.B To be, or not to be 是莎士比亚的哈姆雷特里面王子复仇前的独白。4.A Shylock是莎士比亚的喜剧小说威尼斯商人里面的奸商角色。 5.D If Winter comes, can spring be far behind。冬天来了，春天还会远吗？这句话出自Keats的西风颂。6.D William Wordsworth，Samuel Taylor Coleridge ， Robert Southey 为英国前浪漫主义时期著名的三大湖畔诗人。7.D Milton的失乐园里面，撒旦扮演着真正英雄的角色。8.B The Tiger 是William Blake 的 经验之歌的名片，天真之歌则以 The lamb 闻名。9.B The solitary Reaper 是William Wordsworth的作品。10.A Keats的诗多以颂闻名，如：Ode to a Nightingale，Ode to Autumn,Ode to Guecian.Exercise 81._refers to some contrast or discrepancy between appearance and reality.A Allegory B Conflict C Irony D Flashback2._was recognized as the greatest poet of Victorian England.A Tennyson B Robert Browning C Mrs.Browning D Robert Burns3.James Joyce is the author of all the following novels EXCEPT_A Dubliners B A Potrait of the Artist as a Young ManC Jude the Obscure D Ulysses4.Which of the follwing poets is different from the others?A John Donne B John Keats C Lord Byron D Percy Bysshe Shelley5.William Wordsworth is an English _A poet B novelist C playwright D critic6.The compiler of A Dictionary of the English Language is _A Joseph Addison B Richard Steele C Samuel Johnson D Laurence Stern7.My Last Duchess is a monologue poem written by _A William Shakespeare B Robert Browing C Ben Jonson D Robert Herrick8. Beauty is truth, truth beauty is an epigrammatic line by _A John Keats B William Blake C William Wordsworth D Percy Bysshe Shelley9.Paradise Lost is a masterpiece by _A Christopher Marlow B John Miltom C William Shakespeare D Ben Johnson10. James Joyce mostly wrote about his hometown _A London B Dublin C New York D Edinburgh1.D irony 是指“反讽”，揭示事物表面与真相的差别。2.A Aflred Tennyson 被称为维多利亚时代最杰出的英国诗人。他的主要作品为：The Princess，Maud 和短诗 Break，Break，Break。3.C Jude the Obscure是Thomas Hardy的作品。4.A 除了John Donn是玄学派诗人外，另外三位为浪漫主义派诗人。5.A William Wordsworth是英国前浪漫主义诗人。6.C Samuel Johnson（1709-1784）编写的英语字典是之后所有英语字典的基石。7.B Robert Browning（1812-1889）擅于写独角剧，他的代表作是My Last Duchess和Meeting at Night。8.A Beauty is truth, truth beauty是John Keats的写作宗旨，他用尽毕生精力追求能够表达一切美丽事物的诗篇。9.B 失乐园和复乐园均为John Milton所做。10.B James Joyce出生于爱尔兰的首都都柏林，主要作品有：A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man，Ulysses。故事合集Dubliners。Exercise 91 _ State is in the North-West of the United States.A Missouri B Maryland C New York D Washington2 The famous Silicon Valley is in the state of _.ATexas B Idaho C Illinois D California3 Of the five Great Lakes, _ is the only lake that lies entirely in the US.A Lake Erie B Lake Huron C Lake Michigan D Lake Superior4 In the United States, the largest groups of native Americans live on _.A the Great Plains B the Pacific coast C the Colorado Plateau D the Appalachian Mountains5 The symbol for the Democratic Party in the United States is _.A the bull B the bear C the donkey D the elephant6 _ is often used to refer to the US Department of Defense.A Capitol Hill B The Pentagon C The White HouseD The Empire State Building7 The American government is divided into three braches with each having its own powers. This is called _.A absolute monarchy B balance of powers C checks and balances D separation of government8 President George W. Bush, the 43rd President of the United States, is a Member of _.AWhig Party B the Democratic Party C Federalist Party D the Republican Party 9 In the United States , NASA is the acronym for _.A National Aeronautics & Space AdministrationB National Autograss Sports AssociationC Nice And Safe Attitude D National Association of Students of Architecture10 When Neil Armstrong, one of the three _ crew, first landed on the moon on July 20, 1969, he said, “Thats one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.”A Apollo 11 B Apollo 12 C Apollo 15 D Apollo 171 D, 华盛顿州位于美国西北部，华盛顿特区位于东部。2 D, 硅谷位于加利福尼亚州, 是由许多的城市组合而成的。 加州有两个世界著名的都会区，一个是南加州的洛杉矶都会，另一个是北加州的旧金山都会，一般称为旧金山湾区，简称湾区。旧金山湾区的南湾地区便是硅谷。3 C, 美国五大湖中密歇根湖完全在美国境内，其他都位于美加边境。4 C, 美国的印第安人部落都居住在保留区， 保持自己的传统习惯。5 C, 1874年，美国著名画家汤姆 那斯特创作了一幅政治漫画，用驴表示民主党，用象表示共和党。从此， 驴和象便成了两党的标志。每当大选之年，两党分别以这两种动物作为自己的党徽进行竞选，故被世人称为“驴象之争”。6 B, 人们常用“五角大楼”来代指美国国防部。7 C, 美国政府三权分立的权力制衡被称作 checks and balances。8 D, 布什总统是共和党人。9 A, 美国航空航天局的全称为National Aeronautics & Space Administration。National Autograss Sports Association 和 Nice And Safe Attitude都在英国。National Association of Students of Architecture 在印度。10 A, 美国宇航员尼尔 阿姆斯特朗搭乘Apollo 11 飞船成为登月第一人。Apollo 17 飞船的返回是美国登月计划的结束。Exercise 101 The inventor of lighting rod is _.A Benjamin Franklin B Thomas Jefferson C Albert Einstein D Thomas Edison2 _, the tallest building in North America was built in 1974 in Chicago.A Sears Tower B Empire State Building C John Hancock Center D Aon Center3 The most popular spectator sports in the United States is _.A rugby B cricket C football D American football4 Why is the United States called “a nation on the wheels”?A Because American