四级翻译练习1-胡同.pptx

,翻译总结,建筑类-胡同,建筑类-胡同,Thehutong,oralley,isrepresentativeofBeijingsculture.,“代表”：represent(v.)、berepresentativeof(a.)、therepresentativeof(n.短语),建筑类-胡同,Inthepast,Beijingwascomposedofhundredsofquadrangle(kwdrgln.四边形；方院)courtyardsaroundtheForbiddenCity,andalleysstretchedoutinallfourdirections,connectingthecourtyardsinthecity.,由组成：bemadeof、becomposedof、consistof等。,时态：标志词（过去）,原文第三个分句主语为“胡同”，与第四个分句暗含的主语相同，可将第四个分句处理为现在分词短语作伴随状语。,建筑类-胡同,Thealleyshaveadistinctivelayout,andwhenviewedfromabove,thealleysandcourtyardstogetherresembleschessboardwithdelicategardensandrockeries.,是无主句汉译英可用one作主语，译为whenoneviewsthemfromabove,译为被动句：whentheyareviewedfromabove,如果将其译为被动句，后一个分句的主语“胡同和院落”正是“往下看”到的景象，也就是说后两个分句的主语一致，因此可以将其they和动词be动词省略，简化为whenviewedfromabove,建筑类-胡同,Thecrisscrossingalleysconnectthehouses,makingiteasierforlocalpeopletokeepintouchwiththeirneighbors.,可转译为名词短语“纵横交错的胡同”，用作第二分句的主语。,“使”字句中的“使”字往往能够表明下文是上文所带来的结果，在翻译时可将“使”字句译为现在分词短语，表明其为上文带来的结果。,建筑类-胡同,Therefore,onceyouenter(entering)analley,youcanfeelthewarmfeelingsamongpeople,whichisararity(rare)inthemodernworld.,无主句，其暗含主语为“你”，翻译时需增加you作为主语,“这”在汉语中指代前面句子所表达的内容，可用which.,“罕见”和“难得”意义重复，只需翻译一个，可用形容词rare的名词形式rarity.,建筑类-胡同,Inthewindingalleys,youcanexperiencethelifeofnativeBeijingers.,原文中说明的是客观事实，翻译时应用一般现在时。,winding,experience,Thehutong,oralley,isrepresentativeofBeijingsculture.Inthepast,BeijingwascomposedofhundredsofquadranglecourtyardsaroundtheForbiddenCity,andalleysstretchedoutinallfourdirections,connectingthecourtyardsinthecity.Thealleyshaveadistinctivelayout,andwhenviewedfromabove,thealleysandcourtyardstogetherresembleschessboardwithdelicategardensandrockeries.Thecrisscrossingalleysconnectthehouses,makingiteasierforlocalpeopletokeepintouchwiththeirneighbors.Therefore,onceyouenteranalley,youcanfeelthewarmfeelingsamongpeople,whichi