基于现代设计方法的矿井提升机内在安全性的研究外文文献翻译、中英文翻译

英文原文Study of Inherent Safety Mine hoist based on modern design methodsAbstractAs a modern security design, Inherent Safety means that equipment and facilities is able to contain the inherent fundamental features to prevent accidents. Mine hoist is the most important equipment in the coal production. How to achieve safe, reliable, efficient production has been the focus study at home and abroad. Inherent safety is reflected in hoist design, primarily through the design measures to improve the operation of hoist safety and reliability. In this paper, Inherent Safety theory is applied in the design of mine hoist, to proposed the design method by using the software of PRO/E,PLC, Labview etc.Keywords-Mine hoist; Inherent Safety; PRO/E; PLC; LabviewI. INTRODUCTIONIn coal production, mine hoist is the equipment to carry coal, gangue, materials, workers and equipments along the rockshaft, the only way linked underground and aboveground, known as mine throat. Mine hoist is a large-scale reciprocating machinery which has the feature of own big inertia, load changes, running speed, and wide range et al. The advantages and disadvantages of its operating performance, not only directly affect the normal production and coal production efficiency, but also relate to equipment and personal safety. In recent years, mine hoist failures and accidents have happened at home and abroad which have paid a heavy price to coal companies. Therefore, the production technology and safety of mine hoist are higher, and its mechanical manufacturing technology and electrical control technology has been an important research area to the international machine building industry and the electric control industry. Inherent Safety means that equipment and facilities is able to contain the inherent fundamental features to prevent accidents. Inherent Safety lies in design, through continuous improvement, to prevent accidents due to the equipment itself failures. Inherent safety is reflected in hoist design, primarily through the design measures to improve the operation of hoist safety and reliability. In this paper, Inherent Safety theory is applied in the design of mine hoist, to proposed the inherent safety design method by use the software of PRO/E, PLC, Labview etc.II. INHERENT SAFETY THEORYThe term of inherent safety originates the development of world space technology in the 1950s. The concept is widely accepted closely linked with scientific technological progress and human understanding of safety culture. The concept of inherent safety produced after the World War II which became major safety concept in many industrialized countries since the mid 20th century. Inherent safety design as the basic method of hazard control, by selecting safe materials, process routes, mechanical equipment, devices, to eliminate or control hazards source rather than relying on additional security measures or management measures to control them. As inherent safety design, firstly analyze and identify hazards that may occur in system, and then choose the best methods to eliminate, control hazards, which reflected in project design. THE DESIGN OF INHERENT SAFETY MINE HOISTMine hoist mainly includs the working device, control system, transmission system and drag, protection systems and other components. To the inherent safety mine hoist design, mainly the mechanical system, control system and monitor system is the major part to considered.A. In-depth investigations to find malfunction The concept of inherent safety is required safety all the time in the product design process. That is, the equipment has little malfunction as much as possible during the operation and has long normal operation cycle length. How can design inherent safety equipment, the most important thing is understanding enough to the equipment, especially in work. After in-depth research, fully understanding the situation, try the best to reduce or eliminate the fault in the design. After in-depth understanding of research, design product. B. Mechanical SystemThe traditional method of product has long design cycle, high costs. However, the virtual prototype technology has the advantage in saving the design cost, shortening the design circle, by using the method of modeling, simulation first and then builds the physical prototype. Therefore, the virtual design is the developing trends of mechanical design. In mechanical system design, the application of virtual prototype is used to design mine hoist, not only speeded up the design process, also simulated a variety of conditions to the virtual prototype to discover design faults, to improve the design, to improve mine hoist performance.Mine hoist mechanical system is composed of spindle, roller, reducer, motor, brakes and other components. In its design, virtual design software PRO / E is applied to establish hoist prototype, application of simulation software ADAMS is used to simulate and optimize the design. Specific process shown in Figure 1:Figure 1. Mechanical system designC. Control system designMine hoist control system includes start, run, brake, etc., the requirements in control system are: In normal hoist operation, participation in hoist speed control, brake the hoist when reaching the destination, known as the service braking;In case of emergency, can quickly slow down as required, brake hoist, to prevent the expansion of the accident, that is the safety braking; Participate in the hoist speed control when decelerati; To double-roller hoist, should brake the moving roller and fix roller respectively when regulating rope length, replacement level and changing rope, so that, moving roller would not move when spindle rotates with the fixed roller.Most of mine hoists in China (more than 70%) use the traditional electric control system (tkd-a as the representative). Tkd control system is composed of relay logic circuits, large air contactors, tachometer generator etc., which is a touch control system. After years of development, tkd-a series of electric control system has formed its own characteristics, but its shortcomings are obvious. Its electrical circuit is too complicated, multi-line, causing hoist parking and accidents occurred due to electrical fault. With the computer and digital technology, to form a digital hoist control system of PLC has become possible. PLC control system has high control precision, parameter stability, simple hardware structure, self-diagnostic capability and communication networking function.Mine hoist control system based on PLC technology structure shown in Figure 2, mainly including the following components: the main plc control circuits, hoist route detection and display circuits, speed detection, and signal circuits. The PLC of the main control circuits uses Mitsubishi FX2N series in Japan which more domestic applications.Figure 2 PLC electric control systemD. Monitoring system designTo ensure safe operation of the hoist, except for selecting the reasonable operation design parameters, the use of advanced control system, should also monitor the technological parameters on regular, conscientiously do performance test work to master the hoist performance, discover the defects in time, eliminate hidden danger, avoid unnecessary losses. In addition, the hoist operation state can be improved to work in the best conditions based on test data. Therefore, the hoist could work safely, reliably, have high efficiency, and extend its work life. Virtual instrument technology is computer-based instrumentation and measurement technology, is loaded some software and hardware on the computer with similar appearance and performance of the actual independent instrument. The user operating the computer, like manipulating a especially conventional electronic devices designed theirs. The essence of virtual instrument technology is that hardware softwarized technology, take full advantage of the latest computer technology to implement and expand the functions of traditional instruments. LabVIEW (laboratory virtual instrument engineering workbench) is a graphical programming and development environment, also known as G language. It is widely used by industry, academia and research laboratories, accepted as the standard data acquisition and instrument control software. LabVIEW not only provides and complies with all the functions of hardware and data acquisition cards communications of GPIB, VXI, RS-232 and RS-485 protocol, and built-in library functions support for TCP / IP, ActiveX and other software standards. The software for scientists and engineers is a programming language, it provides a simple, intuitive graphical programming mode, saves a lot of development time, has complete function, best embodied style of virtual instrument.In response to these circumstances, developed a mine hoist Integrate Performance Monitoring System based on virtual instrument LabVIEW-based. Show in Figure 3. With signal conditioning and data acquisition card to receive signals from sensors, then sent the received signal to the virtual instrument software platform, enables the following features:（1)show speed, acceleration, braking time, displacement, oil pressure, delay time and other relevant parameters in digital, and display speed, acceleration, traction, displacement and hydraulic curves.（2）Dynamically monitor the hydraulic oil pressure and oil pump running station, based on these parameters to avoid important braking system failure.（3）Test brake air travel time, relay delay time and other time parameters.（4）inquiry to the measured curve and hoist parameters; print a test report.Figure 3. Diagram of test systemThe monitoring system has characteristics such as compact, light weight, high precision, testing convenient and flexible, feature-rich software etc. the system can not only display automatically test results, but also finish multiple functions, for example , data transmission, analysis, processing, storage and report printing. The system is high precision, can easily monitor the hoist operation state, to ensure the reliability of hoist operation. CONCLUSIONSIn this paper, used virtual design software to design the hoist mechanical system, PLC to design control system, applied virtual instrument software-LABVIEW to design monitor system. Therefore, the mine hoist designed has good mechanical properties and safe operation, monitoring easy.REFERENCES1 Weng qishu. The inherent safety and checks of cabinJ. navigation Technology 2006 (3):50-52. 2 Li jangbo. Study of Test System of Composite Characteristic of Devices Based on Virtual instrumentD. A Dissertation Submitted to Hebei University ofEngineering For the Academic Degree of Master of Engineering, 2007(2):30-48. 3 Wang chengqin, Li wei , Meng baoxing et al. Random vibration testing system of hoisting gear based on virtual instrument. Coal mine machinery, 2008(4) :118-120. 4 Chen baozhi,Wu min. concept and practices of inherent safetyJ. Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2008(6):79-83.5 Xu chenyi, Wu yongdong, Huanghe et al. A PLC-based mine hoist control system design J. LC&FA, 2008(10):52-56.中文译文基于现代设计方法的矿井提升机内在安全性的研究摘要作为一个现代的安全设计，内在的安全性意味着设备和设施能够包含防止事故发生的固有基本特征。矿井提升机是煤炭生产中最重要的设备。如何获得安全、可靠、效率高的产品，已经成为国内外研究的焦点。内在安全性在提升机的设计中主要体现在通过设计方法来提高操作提升机的安全性和可靠性。在本文中,把内在安全性理论应用到了矿井提升机的设计中,利用PRO/E、PLC、Labview等软件提出了设计方法。关键词 矿井提升机；内在安全性；PRO/E；PLC；Labview1 介绍在煤矿生产中，矿井提升机是沿着岩石竖井携带煤炭、煤矸石、材料、工人和其他设施的设备，竖井是唯一的和地上地下连接的方式，就是我们所知的煤矿的喉咙。矿井提升机是一种具有的大惯性、负荷变化、运行速度快等特征的大型往复式机械。它本身操作性能的优点和缺点不仅直接影响到正常的产量和煤炭生产效率,而且关系着设备和人身安全。近年来，在国内外发生的矿用提升机失效和意外情况，已经让煤炭企业付出了沉重的代价。因此,生产技术和矿用提升机的安全性越高，那么它的机械制造技术与电气控制技术就会成为一个国际机械建筑行业和电气控制行业的重要研究领域。本质安全性意味着设备和设施能够包含防止事故发生的本质基本特征。本质安全性在于设计、通过持续的改进,才能避免由于设备本身的失效而造成的事故，本质安全性在提升机的设计中主要体现在通过设计方法来提高操作提升机的安全性和可靠性。在本文中,把本质安全性理论应用到了矿井提升机的设计中,利用PRO/E、PLC、Labview等软件提出了设计方法。2 本质安全理论长期的固有安全性源于世界空间技术在20世纪50年代的发展。这个概念被广泛的认为是科学技术进步与人类对安全文化了解的密切联系。在第二次世界大战后产生的本质安全性概念成为20世纪中期以来许多工业化国家的主要安全概念。作为危险控制的基本方法，本质安全设计是通过选择安全的材料、工艺路线、机械设备、装置以消除或控制危险源，而不是依赖“额外的”的安全措施或管理措施来控制他们。作为本质安全设计，首先应分析并找出可能出现在系统里的危险，然后选择最佳的方法来消除、控制危险，这个方法反映在项目设计中。3 矿用提升机的本质安全设计矿井提升机主要包括工作装置、控制系统、传输系统和阻力、保护系统以及其他组成部分。在本质安全的矿井提升机设计中，机械系统、控制系统和监控系统是需要考虑的主要部分。A.深入调查发现故障本质安全性的概念是指在产品的设计过程中一直需要安全性。也就是说，设备应尽可能少的在运行过程中出现故障，并且具有长期的正常运行周期。怎样才能设计出本质安全的设备，最重要的是能足够了解设备，尤其是在工作的时候。经过深入研究、充分了解情况，然后尽可能减少或消除设计中的缺陷。在深层研究的了解后，设计出产品。B.机械系统传统的产品设计方法周期长、成本高。然而,虚拟现实技术通过采用建模、仿真，然后建立物理原型的方法从而有了节约设计成本、缩短设计周期的优势。因此,虚拟设计是机械设计发展的必然趋势。在机械系统设计中，应用虚拟样机来设计矿用提升机，不仅提高了设计速度，而且模拟了虚拟样机的各种情况以发现设计错误，提高设计、改善矿井提升机的性能。矿井提升机的机械系统由主轴、卷筒、减速器、电机、刹车和其他组成部分。在它的设计中，虚拟设计软件PRO / E是用来建立提升机原型的,模拟软件ADAMS是用来模拟和优化设计的。具体过程如图1所示:图1机械系统设计C.控制系统设计矿井提升机控制系统包括启动、运行、刹车等，控制系统的要求是：在正常的提升机操作中，参与提升机的速度控制，到达目的地的时候制动提升机，称为制动服务；万一发生紧急情况,可以根据要求快速慢下来，制动提升机，以防止事故的扩大，也就是安全制动；在减速的时候参与提升机的速度控制；对于双滚筒提升机，在调节钢丝绳长度、更换水平和变化的钢丝绳时，应该分别制动活动卷筒和固定卷筒。这样以来，当主轴随固定卷筒一起转时，活动卷筒就不能动了。中国的大部分矿井提升机（70%以上）使用传统的电气控制系统(以TKD-A作为代表)。TKD控制系统由逻辑电路、大型空气接触器、转速发电机等部分组成，是一个触摸控制系统。经过多年的发展，TKD-A系列电动控制系统已经形成了自身的特点，但其存在的缺陷显而易见。其电路过于复杂、多线，由于电路故障使提升机造成停车和事故的发生。通过运用计算机和数字技术，形成一个数字化提升机的PLC控制系统已成为可能。PLC控制系统具有较