词性转换及答案

汉英译1.汉语动词转为英语名词要是缺少钢铁，工业的发展就会遇到很大困难。In case of _ of iron and steel, industry would undergo extreme difficulties in its development.他一想到这场灾难，两腿救像有千斤重，再也动不了了。At the _ of the disaster his legs stiffened and could not move a step further.练习：1) 有的同志建议将我的核心部分 “公共财政”的内容删去。After the lecture, there was a _ that the part about public finance, which was the core of my speech, be deleted from my lecture notes。2) 一些发电厂正在兴建。Some power plants _.3) 她酷爱英国文学。 She is _.4) 正在车间里干活的工人们来救她了。The workers working in the workshop _.5) 我们必须把这台电动机彻底检修一下。 We must give the motor _.6) 人们普遍认为英语学习有捷径.There is _ that there is a shortcut (捷径) in English learning.7) 火箭已经用来探索宇宙。Rockets have found _ for the exploration of the universe.8) 每当我看到那个老人，我就想起了我的父亲_ always reminds (使某人想起) me of my father)9) 读/了解一点世界史，对学习时事是有帮助的。_of world history is helpful to the study of current affairs. 10) 这本书反映了30年代的中国社会。 The book _Chinese society in the 1930s.11) 绝对不允许违反这个原则。_ should never be allowed/tolerated.12) 坚持一个中国的原则是实现和平统一的基础与前提。_should serve as the basis and prerequisite (前提) for peaceful reunification. 13) 我非常感谢我的父亲，因为在我还是小孩子的时候，他就不停的鼓励我。I am so grateful to my father for _ during my childhood. 14) 一切爱好和平的人们要求禁止使用核武器。All peace-loving people demand _. 15) 他们在工作中非常注意理论联系实际。In their work they pay much attention to _. 16) 人们认为历史就是试图再现并解释过去的重大事件。History _the significant events of the past.17我向当局提出申请，允许我在院子里开垦一块菜园。I asked the authorities _ to start a garden in the courtyard18.我们还第一次听老师介绍了什么是语言。.We also _ to language.19当我在监狱时，我曾经给我的妻子写过信，信中说，玛莎，如果你想和我离婚，我可以理解。Well, when I was in jail I wrote to my wife. I said, “Martha, I understand if you _.”20他不能理解为什么这样强调固定的规则，而不是创造性地思考。He couldnt understand why there should be so much _ on fixed rules rather than creative thinking. 21但除了死亡外没有什么非常特别的。死亡总是特别的，但未必会引起千百万人落泪，瞩目。Still, there was nothing very special in any of it, except death, which, while always special, does not necessarily _.22) 如果西方人觉得自己吃的健康，那他们得好好反思一下。If westerners think they are healthy _, they will have to think again.23) 人类创造了知识。Human beings are the _ of knowledge.24)政府认为，制止毒品买卖，取决于娱乐场所管理。Government believes that a successful _ of the trade in drugs lies in the strict regulation of entertainment places. 25) 科学家花了很多年时间才发明了宇宙飞船。_ took scientists many years.26) 锻炼、新鲜空气和睡眠时保持健康所必需的。 Exercise, fresh air and sleep are essential for _. 2.汉语形容词转为英语名词他对电子计算机的操作一点也不陌生。He is no stranger to the operation of the electronic computer.那艘新造轮船的首航是成功的。The maiden voyage of the newly-built steamship was a success.练习：1) 水对于生命来说是非常必要的。Water is a _ to life. 2) 我们感到，解决这个复杂的问题是困难的。We found _ in solving this complicated problem.3) 中国日益繁荣昌盛，这令全世界华人都为之骄傲。The increasing _ of China has brought pride to all Chinese people in the world.4) (血雉)由于数量稀少、环境适应性差，迄今未见动物园饲养。Due to their s_ and inability to adapt to new environment, no blood pheasant has been raised in any zoo so far. 5) 他欣然接受了邀请，骗过了在场的所有人。His _ to accept the invitation cheated all that were present that day.3. 汉语副词转为英语名词 我很荣幸地宣布你被接纳为该委员会的成员。I have _ to inform you that you have been admitted as a member of the committee.我们高兴地看到，中国的经济已经有了很大的发展。It is _ to note that China has made great progress in economy.1) 他诚恳地告诉我们他是多么渴望学习。_how he was eager to learn.4.汉语名词转为英语动词气体和固体的区别，在于前者比后者有更大的可压缩性。Gases _ solids in that the former have greater compressibility than the latter.人们常说，电脑之所以能够解决问题是因为给它们输入了解决问题的“程序”。It is frequently said the computers solve problems only because they are _ to do so.练习：1) 大家知道，中子的作用不同于质子。 It is known that neutrons _.2) 本文的目的在于讨论职业学院教育的新模式。 This article _discussing the new educational model of the vocational colleges.3) 他是世上一切邪恶的化身。He _ the evil that was in the world.4) 这种举止是罪犯的心理特征。This kind of behavior _ the criminal mind.5) 我们的时代是深刻政治变革的见证。Our age is_ a profound political change.6) 美国绝大多数间谍卫星，按其设计，是在完成使命后，在大气层中焚毁。Most U.S. spy satellites are _ to burn up in the earths atmosphere after completing their missions.7) 她是中国史专家。She _ in Chinese history.8) 这些装置对整个通讯系统有极大地影响。These installations She _.9) 这项设计目的是自动操作、调节方便、维护简易和生产率提升。The design _ automatic operation, easy regulation, simple maintenance and high productivity. 5.汉语动词转为英语形容词科学家深信一切物质是不灭的Scientists are deeply _that all matter is indestructible (不可毁灭的).。 练习：1) 工人们要求改善工作条件。 The workers demand _ working conditions. 2) 他不知道该如何表达自己的感激之情。He _ how to express his gratitude. 6.汉语副词转变为英语形容词我们已经仔细地研究了这些化学元素的特性。We have _ of the properties of these chemical elements.水在4 以下，是在不断地膨胀，而不是不断地收缩。Below 4 , water is in _ expansion instead of continuous contraction. 练习： 1) 到处都在热烈地讨论杨利伟的成功。_ arose on every corner as to Yan Li-weis success.2) 会上人们一致表示反对这项政策。 People at the meeting all expressed their _ to oppose that policy.7. 汉语名词转变为英语形容词正确与谬误，善良与邪恶，美丽与丑陋总是作为对立面而存在的。There will always be such opposites at the _, the _, _. 8 汉语名词转变为英语副词她的体力、脑力都耗尽了。He is _ exhausted. 1)他身体虽弱，但心智健全。He is _ weak but mentally sound. 8. 汉语动词转变为介词这台仪器具有很高的灵敏度。This instrument is _ high sensibility.有广大群众支持我们，我们不害怕任何困难。The masses are _ us, we are not afraid of any difficulty.你想象不出他听到这个消息时时多么生气。You cant imagine how angry he was _ the news.练习：1) 由于供不应求，因而价格一直在上涨。For demand exceeds supply, the price has _. 2)他们拎着几只超大黑色塑料袋，或背个双肩包，挑拣着来自广州周边上千家小工厂，被中国人称为“尾货”的牛仔裤、杂牌电视机、组装手机。_, they pick through all kinds of goods from many small factories near Guangzhou. They are known to the Chinese as “tail goods” and range from jeans, cheap TV sets, or assembled mobile phones. 9. 汉语动词转变为英语副词她把窗子打开，让新鲜空气进来。She opened the window to let fresh air _.我该离开了，时间已经到了。I must be away, the time is _.1) 他们也笑着泼水回敬。 They splashed back _. 10. 汉语形容词转变为英语副词电子计算机的主要特点是正确和迅速地计算。The electronic computer is_ characterized by accuracy and quick computation.北京举办的这次展览会给我们留下了深刻的印象。The exhibition held in Beijing impressed us _.关于这个问题，不同年龄组的人有不同的想法。On this question, people of different age groups think _.11. 汉语形容词转变为英语动词相反，他们的知识和经验更丰富了On the contrary, both their knowledge and experience are _.参考答案汉英译1.汉语动词转为英语名词1有的同志建议将我的核心部分 “公共财政”的内容删去。After the lecture, there was a suggestion that the part about public finance, which was the core of my speech, be deleted from my lecture notes。2 一些发电厂正在兴建。Some power plants are under construction.3 她酷爱英国文学。 She is a true lover of Britain literature.4 正在车间里干活的工人们来救她了。The workers working in the workshop came to her rescue.5 我们必须把这台电动机彻底检修一下。We must give the motor a thorough inspection.6人们普遍认为英语学习有捷径.There is a popular belief that there is a shortcut (捷径) in English learning.7火箭已经用来探索宇宙。Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe.8每当我看到那个老人，我就想起了我的父亲The sight of the old man always reminds (使某人想起) me of my father)9读/了解一点世界史，对学习时事是有帮助的。An acquaintance of world history is helpful to the study of current affairs. 10这本书反映了30年代的中国社会。 The book is a reflection of Chinese society in the 1930s. 11绝对不允许违反这个原则。Violation of the principle should never be allowed/tolerated.12坚持一个中国的原则是实现和平统一的基础与前提。Adherence to the “One-China” policy should serve as the basis and prerequisite (前提) for peaceful reunification. 13我非常感谢我的父亲，因为在我还是小孩子的时候，他就不停的鼓励我。I am so grateful to my father for his continuous encouragement during my childhood. 14一切爱好和平的人们要求禁止使用核武器。All peace-loving people demand the prohibition of the use of nuclear weapon.15) 他们在工作中非常注意理论联系实际。In their work they pay much attention to the combination of theory with practice.16) 人们认为历史就是试图再现并解释过去的重大事件。History is seen as the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past.17 我向当局提出申请，允许我在院子里开垦一块菜园。I asked the authorities for permission to start a garden in the courtyard18.我们还第一次听老师介绍了什么是语言。.We also had our first introduction to language.19当我在监狱时，我曾经给我的妻子写过信，信中说，玛莎，如果你想和我离婚，我可以理解。Well, when I was in jail I wrote to my wife. I said, “Martha, I understand if you cant stay married to me.”20他不能理解为什么这样强调固定的规则，而不是创造性地思考。He couldnt understand why there should be so much emphasis on fixed rules rather than creative thinking. 21但除了死亡外没有什么非常特别的。死亡总是特别的，但未必会引起千百万人落泪，瞩目。Still, there was nothing very special in any of it, except death, which, while always special, does not necessarily bring millions to tears or to attention.22. 如果西方人觉得自己吃的健康，那他们得好好反思一下。If westerners think they are healthy eaters, they will have to think again.23. 人类创造了知识。Human beings are the creators of knowledge.24)政府认为，制止毒品买卖，取决于娱乐场所管理。Government believes that a successful ban of the trade in drugs lies in the strict regulation of entertainment places. 25) 科学家花了很多年时间才发明了宇宙飞船。 The invention of spaceship took scientists many years.26) 锻炼、新鲜空气和睡眠时保持健康所必需的。Exercise, fresh air and sleep are essential for the preservation of health. 注释：在较为正式的英语文体中，使用名词的倾向尤为明显。一个普通的动词或形容词，一经名词化，整个句子便显得“正式”了很多。2.汉语形容词转为英语名词他对电子计算机的操作一点也不陌生。He is no stranger to the operation of the electronic computer.那艘新造轮船的首航是成功的。The maiden voyage of the newly-built steamship was a success.练习：1) 水对于生命来说是非常必要的。Water is a necessity to life.2) 我们感到，解决这个复杂的问题是困难的。We found difficulty in solving this complicated problem.3) 中国日益繁荣昌盛，这令全世界华人都为之骄傲。The increasing prosperity of China has brought pride to all Chinese people in the world.4) (血雉)由于数量稀少、环境适应性差，迄今未见动物园饲养。Due to their scarcity and inability to adapt to new environment, no blood pheasant has been raised in any zoo so far.5) 他欣然接受了邀请，骗过了在场的所有人。His readiness to accept the invitation cheated all that were present that day.3. 汉语副词转为英语名词我很荣幸地宣布你被接纳为该委员会的成员。I have the honor to inform you that you have been admitted as a member of the committee.我们高兴地看到，中国的经济已经有了很大的发展。It is our pleasure to note that China has made great progress in economy.1) 他诚恳地告诉我们他是多么渴望学习。He told us, with sincerity, how he was eager to learn.4.汉语名词转为英语动词气体和固体的区别，在于前者比后者有更大的可压缩性。Gases differ from solids in that the former have greater compressibility than the latter.人们常说，电脑之所以能够解决问题是因为给它们输入了解决问题的“程序”。It is frequently said the computers solve problems only because they are programmed to do so.练习：1) 大家知道，中子的作用不同于质子。 It is known that neutrons act differently from protons.2) 本文的目的在于讨论职业学院教育的新模式。 This article aims at discussing the new educational model of the vocational colleges.3) 他是世上一切邪恶的化身。He personified the evil that was in the world.4) 这种举止是罪犯的心理特征。This kind of behavior characterizes the criminal mind.5) 我们的时代是深刻政治变革的见证。Our age is witnessing a profound political change.6) 美国绝大多数间谍卫星，按其设计，是在完成使命后，在大气层中焚毁。Most U.S. spy satellites are designed to burn up in the earths atmosphere after completing their missions.7) 她是中国史专家。She specializes in Chinese history.8) 这些装置对整个通讯系统有极大地影响。These installations affect tremendously the entire communication system.9) 这项设计目的是自动操作、调节方便、维护简易和生产率提升。The design aims at automatic operation, easy regulation, simple maintenance and high productivity. 5.汉语动词转为英语形容词 科学家深信一切物质是不灭的Scientists are deeply convinced that all matter is indestructible (不可毁灭的).。 1) 工人们要求改善工作条件。The workers demand better working conditions. 2) 他不知道该如何表达自己的感激之情。He was ignorant of how to express his gratitude. 6.汉语副词转变为英语形容词我们已经仔细地研究了这些化学元素的特性。We have made a careful study of the properties of these chemical elements.水在4 以下，是在不断地膨胀，而不是不断地收缩。Below 4 , water is in continuous expansion instead of continuous contraction. 练习：1) 到处都在热烈地讨论杨利伟的成功。Warm discussion arose on every corner as to Yan Li-weis success.2) 会上人们一致表示反对这项政策。People at the meeting all expressed their determination to oppose that policy.7. 汉语名词转变为英语形容词正确与谬误，善良与邪恶，美丽与丑陋总是作为对立面而存在的。There will always be such opposites at the right and t