牛津译林初中英语八年级下unit1 语法现在完成时.ppt

Unit1,Grammar,Pastandpresent,yetrecentlypast,adv.还，仍adv.近来，最近adj.过去的,Wordsreview,TolearnthepresentperfecttenseTolearnthenewwordsandphrases:yet,recently,past,overthepastcenturylearnmoreabout,语法讲解建议采用归纳法，如尽可能多的呈现一些相关例句，或可让学生从已学课文中找相应例句，引导学生试着从所观察到的语言现象中总结出语言规则和语法规律。,1.Wehaventgotmuchteaorcoffee,andwehaventgotanysugarorjam.(新概念1L79)2.Ivealreadyhadmyholidaythisyear.(新概念1L83)3.Haveyourmechanics(机修工)finishedyet?(新概念1L87)4.Hehasalwaysbeenagoodneighbour.(新概念1L91),5.IhavejustarrivedinScotlandandImstayingataYouthHostel(青年旅社).(新概念1L101)6.Haveyoufinishedalready?(新概念1L125)7.Eddie,haveyouseenmyfood?(P6)Yes,Ivejusteatenit.What?Youveeatenmyfood?Why?8.Youvechanged,Eddie.Youusedtosharefoodwithme!Youvechangedtoo.Youusedtobesokindtome.(P6),9.IvelivedheresinceIwasborn.(P8)10.Haveyouevermovedhouse?(P8)11.,mywifeandImovedtwoblocksawayandwevelivedinthisareasincethen.(P8)12.Hasthetownchangedalotovertheyears?(P8)13.Now,thegovernmenthasturnedpartofthetowncentreintoanewpark.(P8)14.However,mostofmyoldfriendshavemovedaway.(P9),GuessingGame,totestyoursenseofobservationtotestyourabilityofshort-termmemorytotestyourabilitytohighlightthelanguagepoints,Guess,1.We_muchteaorcoffee,andwe_anysugarorjam.2.I_already_myholidaythisyear.3._yourmechanics_yet?4.He_always_agoodneighbour.5.I_just_inScotlandandImstayingataYouthHostel.6._you_already?,haventgot,haventgot,ve,had,Have,finished,has,been,have,arrived,Have,finished,7.Eddie,_you_myfood?Yes,I_just_it.What?You_myfood?Why?8.You_,Eddie.Youusedtosharefoodwithme!You_too.Youusedtobesokindtome.9.I_heresinceIwasborn.10._youever_house?,have,seen,ve,eaten,veeaten,vechanged,vechanged,velived,Have,moved,11.,mywifeandImovedtwoblocksawayandwe_inthisareasincethen.12._thetown_alotovertheyears?13.Now,thegovernment_partofthetowncentreintoanewpark.14.However,mostofmyoldfriends_away.,velived,Has,changed,hasturned,havemoved,1.YouworkinLuoyang,dontyou?Yes.I_inthiscityforthreeyears.A.workB.workedC.haveworkedD.willwork2.Thebookisverythin,butJackthinksitsthebestbookthathe_.A.readB.hasreadC.willreadD.reads,3.WouldyouliketogoandseeDespicableMe2withmetonight?Idliketo,butI_ittwice.A.seeB.willseeC.haveseenD.amseeing,以上我们已经通过归纳总结和练习对本课的语法内容有了一定的了解，下面就让我们根据之前练习的考察情况进一步选择讲解该语法项的重难点。,现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与already,yet,ever,never,just等副词连用。,现在完成时的用法,Hehasturnedoffthelight.他已把灯关了。(动作结束于过去，但说明的是现在的情况灯现在不亮了。),现在完成时也表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在，并且有可能还会持续下去的动作或状态，常与since,for,sofar等时间状语连用。如：,Ihavelivedhereformorethan20years.我在这儿已经住了20多年了。(动作开始于20多年前，一直延续至今，有可能还要继续下去。),1.现在完成时的肯定句句型主语(第一,二人称单,复数)+have(第三人称复数)+have(第三人称单数)+has,+过去分词,e.g.Ihavefinishedmyhomework.Hehaswrittensixpoems.Theyhaveseenthatfilm.,现在完成时的构成,2.现在完成时的否定句句型主语+have/has+not+过去分词+e.g.Ihavenotseenthemovieyet.Hehasntcomehereyet.,hasnt=hasnothavent=havenot,3.现在完成时的一般疑问句句型Have/Has+主语+过去分词+Yes,主语+have/has.No,主语+have/hasnot.e.g.Haveyoufinishedthework?Yes,Ihave./No,Ihavent.Hasshearrivedhere?Yes,shehas./No,shehasnt.,规则动词的过去分词的构成,大多数的动词的过去分词是规则的，只需在动词后加-ed；例如：workworkedlistenlistenedjumpjumpedvisitvisited2.在以-e结尾的动词后只加-d；例如：closeclosedlikelikedagreeagreedmovemoved,过去分词的构成,3.在以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应将y改为i再加ed；例如：studystudiedcarrycarriedtrytriedworryworried4.以重读闭音节结尾的动词，要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ed；例如：stopstoppeddropdropped,不规则动词的过去分词的构成,有些动词的原形和过去分词相同；例如：putputhurthurtbecomebecomerunrun2.改变单词中间元音字母；例如：sitsatwinwonholdheld3.把单词结尾的字母d改为t；例如：lendlentspendspentsendsent,还有些动词的过去分词是不规则的，需要特殊记忆。（课本第122-123页）,4.以eep结尾的动词，把eep改为ept；例如：keepkeptsleepslept5.过去分词以aught或ought结尾；例如：teachtaughtbuybought6.以ay结尾的动词，把ay变成aid；例如：saysaidpaypaid7.在原形词尾加n或en；例如：givegiveneateaten,Somemoreexamples:,现在完成时中典型的时间表达,1.borrow_2.hope_3.make_4.get_5.plan_6.cry_7.send_8.watch_9.say_10.grow_11.hit_12.enjoy_,Mr.Wuwantsthestudentstopractiseusingthepresentperfecttense.Helpthemwritethepastparticiplesoftheverbsbelow.(P14),A,borrowed,hoped,made,got,planned,cried,sent,watched,said,grown,hit,enjoyed,1.They_(finish)theirhomeworkalready.2.John_never_(visit)China.3.MrLi_(repair)overtenbicyclessinceMonday.4.We_(notsee)eachotherforyears.5.Myparents_(notcome)backyet.6.Ourteacher_(teach)usalotaboutthehistoryofChina.,havefinished,havenotcome,hastaught,havenotseen,hasrepaired,hasvisited,Mr.Wuasksthestudentstocompletethesentencesbelowusingthepresentperfecttense.Helpthemcompletethesentences.(P14),B,M:_you_(see)anyfilmsrecently,Sandy?S:No,Ihavent.Whataboutyou?M:I_(see)onelastSaturday.S:Whatsitabout?M:ItsaboutthechangesinBeijingoverthepastcentury.Fromthisfilm,I_(learn)moreaboutBeijingspastandpresent.S:Oh,IthinkI_(hear)aboutthefilm.Doyouplantoseeitagain.M:Yes,Idliketo.,Have,seen,saw,havelearnt,haveheard,MillieandSandyaretalkingaboutafilmaboutthehistoryofBeijing.Completetheirconversationwiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.(P14),C,请点击,_youever_withagroup?Yes,Ihave.A.Did,studyB.Are,studyingC.Were,studyingD.Have,studied2.Lucy,_you_yourticket?Notyet.A.did;findB.have;foundC.has;foundD.do;find3.Mygrandmother_alotofchangesinTianjinsinceshecamehere.A.seesB.canseeC.willseeD.hasseen,I.Multiplechoice.,4.Myauntisawriter.She_morethantenbookssince1980.A.writesB.wroteC.haswrittenD.willwrite5.Lookatthesestamps.I_themforfiveyears.Wow,theyarewonderful.A.keptB.havekeptC.havebought,6.Idliketointroducemybestfriendtoyou,Peter.Thankyou,Lucy.Butwe_already.A.meetB.metC.willmeetD.havemet7.Since2000,Jingmenhasbecomeanewcity.Everything_.A.ischangedB.waschangedC.hadchangedD.haschanged,1.I_(have)dinner.Iamfull.2.We_(read)thisstory.3.They_(see)themovie.4.She_(buy)somenicetoys.5.Hurryup!Lunch_already_(begin).6.We_(wash)ourclothes.Theyrecleannow.7._heever_(ride)abike?,havehad,haveread,haveseen,hasbought,havewashed,II.Fillintheblanks.,Has,ridden,has,begun,1.Ivealreadyhaddinner.(否)I_dinner_.2.Hehasjustfinishedhishomework.(否)He_hishomework_.3.Mumhascookedthedinner.(否)Mum_thedinner.4.Ihavedonemyhomework.(疑)_youdoneyourhom