定语从句Grammar.ppt

,TheAttributiveClause,定语从句,1.定义：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句2.功能作用：对名词或代词进行修饰限制或说明3.构成:,主句:mainsentence从句:clause先行词:被定语从句修饰的词（n/pron.）关系词:引导定语从句的词,YiJianlianwhoisverytallisabasketballplayer.,Introduction:relativewords,关系词(引导词)：引导定语从句的词,关系代词:that,which,who(m),whose关系副词:when,where,why,功能:functions,连接主从句指代先行词c.在从句中充当句子成分,分类:types,关系代词-that,that:既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语or宾语,且作宾语时可省略.,Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.,Thenoodles(that)Icookedweredelicious.,Whoisthemanthatisreadingabook?,Thegirl(that)wesawyesterdaywasBetty.,Beijing;thecity;host(举办);the2008OlympicGames,.,describethepicture-“that”,Keywordsforyou:,关系代词-which,which:指物,在定语从句中作主语or宾语，作宾语时可省略.,Ilostthebookwhichyougaveme.,Thisisourschoolwhichisverybeautiful.,can“which”bechangedby“that”?,Background:Titanic;ship;Sankafterhittinganiceberg,who:指人，在定语从句中作主语，不能省略,关系代词-who,Manypeoplewhodiedintheearthquakewerechildren.,ThepersonwhohaslittlehairisMr.Zhang.,“who”canbechangedbywhichwordhere?,Morepractice-,谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.不到长城非好汉.HewhohasneverbeentotheGreatWallisnotatrueman.,proverbs,whom:指人，在定语从句中作宾语;作及物动词宾语可省略,作介词宾语不略。,关系代词-whom,Thegirl(whom)yousawjustnowismysister.Themanwhomyoujusttalkedto/withisMr.Li.=Themanto/withwhomyoujusttalkedisMr.Li.,类似的短语搭配有:talkabout/takecareof/lookfor/lookafter/learnfrom/listento等,1.ThisisourmonitorwhoseEnglishisverygood.,2.Iborrowedabookfromthelibrarywhosenameis“WarandPeace”.,whose:既可指人也可指物,在定语从句中作定语,关系代词-whose,Summary:关系代词的用法小结,Testyourself,Fillingtheblankswithproperwordsbelow:,1.Thewatchismadeinthisfactoryisthebestinourcountry.2.Overthereisthemanbrotherismyson.3.TheboyfromIborrowedthebikeliveswithLiMing.4.Themanlivesinthathouseismyuncle.5.Thebookwelookedforhasbeenfound.,定语从句中that与which的选择,That与which的共同点:指物时，一般可以互换Susanwearsasuitthatsheboughtlastmonth.Susanwearsasuitwhichsheboughtlastmonth.,(一)只能用that不能用which,当先行词是不定代词时all/none/anything/nothing/everythingAllthatcanbedonemustbedone.Weshouldmakeuseofeverythingthatisuseful.,当先行词被最高级、序数词以及thevery/theonly/theright/justthe修饰时ThisistheonlybookthatIcanfindinmydesk.HeistheveryguythatIwanttotalkto.Thefirstthingthatyoushoulddoistoeatsth.,(一)只能用that不能用which,(一)只能用that不能用which的情形,当先行词被all/little/few/much/some/any/no/every修饰时Anyonethatdoesntworkhardwontpasstheexam.AllthestudentsthatarestudyinginourclassarefromGuangdongprovince.,当主句前以which/who开头的特殊疑问词时(避免重复)Whoisthegirlthatisstandingoverthere?WhichballistheonethatbelongstoMike?,(一)只能用that不能用which的情形,Chinaisnotthecountrythatitwas.ImnotthefoolishgirlthatIwas.,(一)只能用that不能用which,当先行词在从句中作表语时,(一)只能用that不能用which,当先行词同时指物和人时,只能用that.Wearetalkingaboutthepeopleandthethingsthatwehavevisitedinthecounty.,Practicetime,Fillinthegaps:1.Theterribletyphoonkilledthepeopleandcattle_wereinthefields.2.Thewindblewdownthetallesttree_isinfrontofourschoolgate.3.Thisistheverything_Iwaslookingfor.4.Thisisthesecondnovel_Ihaveeverread.5.Thereisnothingintheworld_canfrightenme.6.Whoistheman_isreadingunderthetree?,Summary:只能用that的情况,1.先行词既有指人又有指物2.当先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级时，有theonly,thevery等修饰时3.先行词是all,much,anything,something,nothing等不定代词时4.主句是以who/which开头的特殊疑问句时5.当先行词在定语从句中作表语时,(二)只能用which不能用that,which可以引导非限制性定语从句，that不能Therecorder,whichIpaid200dollars,provestobeveryuseful.Peterdrovetoofast,whichwasdangerous.,which之前可以有介词，而that不能Iwillneverforgettheschoolinwhichwestudiedtogether.Thisisthequestionaboutwhichtheyarediscussing.,(二)只能用which不能用that的情形,指代,所做成分,是否可省略,that,人；物,主语；宾语,作宾语可省,which,物,主语；宾语,作宾语可省,who,人,主语；宾语,作宾语可省,whom,人,宾语,可省,whose,人；物,定语,不可省,关系代词的用法,Thankyou!,限定性定语从句