中考复习——动词不定式课件2.ppt

,动词不定式动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形“,有时可以不带to.动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语。在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。,构成：to+do(动词原形),用法：1.用作宾语(v.+todo)Iwanttobuyacomputer.Shehopestofindabetterjob.Iwishtogowithyou.,needtodolearntodoagreetodoplantododecidetodorefusetodobegintodostarttodotrytodoforgettodoremembertodoliketodoStoptodogoontodo,2.用作宾语补足语：(v.+sb.+todo),Sheaskedmetohelpher.Theteachertoldhimtocomeontime.Edisonsmothertaughthimtoreadandwrite.wantsb.todowishsb.todogetsb.todoordersb.todofindsb.tobelikesb.todowouldlikesb.todohelpsb.todo,作宾语补足语不带to的情况：,Letmedoit.Isawhimcrossthestreet.常见动词有：使役动词:let,make,have感官动词:see,watch,hear,feel,listento比较：Iheardhersinginginthenextroom.Iheardhersinginthenextroom.,3.用作状语(adverbial)：,HecametoshowmehisnewCDplayer.(目的)Iwenttheretoseemyteacher.(目的)ShecamebacktogetherEnglishbook.(目的)Theboywastoofrightenedtomove.(结果),4.用作主语,TobehereatChristmastimeismydream.2.Togoabroadishisdream.3.Tosayiseasy,todoisdifficult.,(这时可将其用形式主语it来替换),ItismydreamtobehereatChristmastime.Itishisdreamtogoabroad.Itiseasytosay,itisdifficulttodo.,5.用作表语,Hisworkistofeedtheanimals.Herjobistolookafterthepatients.Mywishistobeascientist.,Givemesomethingtodrink.Ihavetwobookstoread.Theyhavemuchfoodtoeat.Heaskedforaroomtolivein.Idonthaveapentowritewith.Theiceishardenoughtoskateon.Heboughtatoytoplaywith.,6.用作定语(这时不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系。若是不及物动词,介词不能省略),7.疑问词who,what,which,where,when,how加todo可构成不定式短语,在句中可用作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语等。,Whentostarthasnotbeendecided.(主语)Idontknowwhattodo.(宾语)Hecantellyouwheretogetthebook.(宾语补足语)Thequestioniswho(m)toask.(表语),比较(Compare),Idontknowwhattodo.Idontknowhowtodoit.Idontknowwhattodoaboutit.,非谓语动词(动词不定式和动词-ing形式)中考考查重点讲解,e.g.1.Hehaspromisedtobehavebetterlater.2.Theboydecidednottobecomeasailor.3.Ihopetogotocollege.,promise,decide,hope,agree,choose,fail,wish,learn,+todosth.,I.,4.Heagreedtohelpus.5.Shechosetostudychemistry.6.Hefailedtopersuadehim.7.Doyouwishtoeatalone?,enjoy,finish,keep,mindsuggest,canthelp,e.g.1.他对听音乐总是兴致勃勃。Healwaysenjoyslisteningtomusic.2.我打扫完房间了Ihavefinishedcleaningtheroom.3.你不能像这样老变主意。Youshouldntkeepchangingyourideaslikethis.,+doingsth.,II.,4.Wouldyoumind_withyou?5.Hesuggested_forawalk.6.Icouldnthelp_.,mycoming,goingout,crying,love,hate,forget,rememberstop,like,try,mean,1.Maryloves_.2.Ihateto_.3.她忘记寄这封信了。Sheforgot_.,reading/toread,trouble/troublinghim,toposttheletter,III.,4.我永远忘不了初次寄信的情景。Illneverforget_aletterforthefirsttime.5.Iremember_heronce.=IrememberthatI_(see)heronce.6.Remember_me.=Ihopeyoullphoneme.,posting,seeing,saw,tophone,他停下来跟我说话。Hestopped_.他停止讲话Hestopped_.他喜欢游泳。Helikes_.我不想打扰你。Idontlike_.她试着写作文。Shetried_.,totalkwithme,talking,swimming,todisturbyou,writingacomposition,她设法打电话找你。Shetried_我本来打算今天给你这本书的,可是我忘了。Imeant_today,butIforgot.这意味着浪费时间。Thismeans_muchtime.,togetyouonthephone,togiveyouthisbook,wasting,IV.,ask,tell,get,wish,want,teach,know,understand,1.Iaskedhim_hereearly.2.Gethim_adoctor.劝他去找医生看看。3.Iveknownhim_veryfast.我听说他跑得比较快。4.Whatdidyouunderstandhim_?你认为他说的是什么意思呢？,+sb.todosth.,tocome,tosee,torun,tosay,make,have,let,see,watch,hear,feel,notice,+sb.dosth.,e.g.Icantmakethehorsego.我无法使这匹马走动。Iwonthave(允许，容许)yousaysuchthings.我可不许你说这样的话。Mymotherwouldntletmegotothefilm.我妈妈不会让我去看电影的。Didyounoticehimleavethehouse?你看到他离开房间了吗？Ioftenhearhimsingthesong.,V.,sb.+bedone+todosth.,e.gHeisoftenheard_thesong.Theyweremade_dayandnight.,tosing,towork,.,be+,happy,glad,pleasedangry,sorry,luckyslow,quick,carefulready,nice,+todosth.,e.gIamsorrytohearthat.Heiswrongtosayso.Iwasveryluckytogetacopysocheap.“我这么便宜地买到一本,真是幸运极了。,*quicktolearnsth.*学某事学得快Becarefulnottofallofftheladder.当心别从梯子上掉下来。Heisreadytohelp.愿意帮忙,.,e.g.IfounditveryimportanttolearnEnglishwell.=Ifoundthat_veryimportanttolearnEnglishwell.Ifeelitmydutytodoso.=Ifeelthat_mydutytodoso.,think,make,find,feel,+it+adj./n+todosth.,itwas,itis,Its+,+(for+sb.)+todosth.,Its+,difficult,hard,easy,possible,impossibleimportant,+(of+sb.)+todosth.,clever,wise,kind,good,right,nicewrong,bad,cruelsilly,stupid,foolishcareful,careless,.,e.gItishard_youtodoitwell.=Foryoutodoitwellishard.Itiskind_youtohelpme.=Youarekindtohelpme.,for,of,Itsclever_himtosayso.Itisimpossible_youtofinishit.Itwaswrong_youtotellalie.Itwascareless_youtomakesomanymistakesintheexam.Itissilly_hertodosuchathing.Itisimportant_youtolearnEnglishwell.,of,for,of,of,of,for,e.g,.,e.gTheyhadnoroomtolive_.Thepenisverygoodtowrite_.Thechairisnicetosit_.,what/where/when/how/why+todosth.,e.g.Howtodoitisstillaquestion.Haveyoudecidedwhentoholdtheparty?,in,with,on,.,Exercises,1.-Youvedoneverywellthistime.-Itsreallykind_.A.foryoutosaysoB.foryousayingsoC.ofyoutosaysoD.ofyousayingso2.Itisbettertoloseoneslifethan_.A.ifyouloseyourspiritB.losinghisspiritC.toloseonesspiritD.yourspiritgettinglost,C,C,3.Icantworkinthisway.-Whynot_itinsomeotherway?A.trytodoB.trydoingC.tryingtodoD.tryingdoing4.Sinceyoufinditdifficult_adecision,youdbetteradiscussion(讨论)withyourparents.A.reach;haveB.reaching;haveC.reach;havingD.toreach;have,B,D,5.Myfatherhates(痛恨)_.Heneverallowsme_.A.tosmoke;tosmokeB.smoking;smokingC.smoke;smokingD.smoking;tosmoke6.Thegirlwasbeginning_.A.getangryB.togetangryC.gettingangryD.angry,D,B,7.Thereisntanydifferencebetweenthetwo.Ireallydontknow_.A.wheretochooseB.whichtochooseC.whattochooseD.tochoosewhich8.Thebagistooheavyforme_.A.tocarryitB.nottocarryitC.tocarryD.nottocarry9.Theteacherwillteachhim_.A.touseB.useitC.howtouseitD.uses,B,C,C,找出句子中的不定式,并说出作用：,1.Ittakesyoutenminutestogetthere.2.Ihopetoseehimsoon.3.Hiswishistobecomeanartist.4.Peopleeattolive,butnotlivetoeat.,状语,表语,宾语,主语,5.Ihavealottotellyou.6.Itsnotrighttobealwaysthinkingofoneself.7.Weoftenseehimplayfootball.,定语,主语,宾语补足语,1.跳舞非常有趣。2.种些植物是非常有必要的。,Todanceisalotoffun.,Itisalotoffuntodance.,Togrowplantsisveryimportant.,3.说英语对我来说并不容易。4.听到你的声音真高兴。,Tohearyourvoiceissonice.,Itissonicetohearyourvoice.,TospeakEnglishisnoteasyforme.,1.我的工作是每天打扫这间屋子。2.最上策的计划就是马上离开这儿。3.我的梦想就是成为一名科学家。,Myworkistocleantheroomeveryday.,Thebestplanistoleaveatonce.,Mydreamistobeascientist.,1.他想借用我的录音机。2.他们开始读和写。3.李琳喜欢玩什么？她喜欢踢足球。4.你长大了想做什么？,Hewantstoborrowmyradio.,Theybegantoreadandwrite.,WhatsportsdoesLiLinliketoplay?Shelikestoplaysoccer.,Whatdoyouwanttobewhenyougrowup?,1.我有许多书要看。2.她有几个问题要问。3.他有一台电视要修。4.我没什么可担心的。,Ihavemanybookstoread.,Shehasafewquestionstoask.,HehasaTVsettorepair.,Ihavenothingtoworryabout.,5.他是一个值得信赖的人。6.爱迪生是第一个发明电灯的人。7.他那生病母亲最多可活三个月。,Heisamantobelievein.,Edisonwasthefirstmantoinventthelights.,Hissickmotherhasthreemonthstoliveatmost.,Theylookedforhimeverywhereandfoundhim_underthetree.a.liesb.lyingc.layd.lain,考点:see/hear/find/w