外研社八年级上册英语-module5复习知识总结

Module5 Healthy food一重点词组1healthy food 健康食物2a healthy drink 一种健康饮料3be in good health 处于健康状态（health,healthy,unhealthy）4keep healthy 保持健康5like doing sth/like to do sth. 喜欢做某事二语法点1 like一词的用法like用作及物动词，译为“喜欢”。(1)后接名词或代词，表示喜欢某人或某物。如：I like the baby very much. 我非常喜欢这个小孩。(2)后接动名词(v. -ing)，表示“喜欢做某事”，着重于习惯、爱好。如：Tom likes playing football. 汤姆喜欢踢足球。(3)后接动词不定式(to do )，表示“偶尔地喜欢做某事”， 着重于某次具体的行为。如：I like reading, but I like to watch TV this evening. 我喜欢读书，但我今晚想看电视。2 some 与any 用法区别1) some意为“一些”。它常修饰可数名词复数。如：some books一些书，some boys一些男孩，也可修饰不可数名词，如：some water一些水，some tea一些茶叶，some常用在肯定句中。any意为“任何一些”，它也可修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，常用于疑问句和否定句。如： -I have some tea here. 我这儿有些茶叶。 -I cant see any tea. 我没看见茶叶。 -Do you have any friends at school? 你在学校有些朋友吗? -I have some English books, they are my best friends. 我有英语书，它们是我最好的朋友。 2) 但在表示建议，反问，请求的疑问句中，或期望得到肯定回答时，多用some而不用any。如： Would you like some coffee? 你要不要来点咖啡? What about some fruit juice? 来点水果汁如何? 3) 当any表示“任何”的意义，起强调作用时，它可以用在肯定句中； Any student can answer this question.任何学生都可以回答这个问题。 3 可数名词与不可数名词 不可数名词构成物质名词：指表示无法分为个体的实物的词常见词有Water水meat肉 milk牛奶rice 大米 orange 橘子汁 beef牛肉chicken 鸡肉 juice果汁pork 猪肉coke可口可乐 ice cream 冰激凌Snow 雪rain雨水coffee 咖啡 bread面包tea 茶抽象名词：表示动作，状态，品质，感情等抽象概念的词常见词有Work 工作study 学习 love 爱 friend ship友谊 无复数形式Some meat some bread （true）Some meats some breads (false)名词前不可加a/an/数词a tea , an meat ，three orange (false)名词前可加some/any/much/a lot of/a littleSome tea , much meat ,a little water , a lot of mik量词a glass of water 一杯水two cups of tea 两杯茶five pieces of bread 五块面包作主语时谓语动词用单数形式There is some water in the bottleIs there any rice in the bag?两个不可数名词用and连接表示两种物质时，谓语动词就要用复数形式。Juice and water are healthy drinks.注意：名词前有复数数量词修饰时，谓语动词用复数形式。There are three bottles of orange on the table.There are two pieces of paper.对不可数名词前表示数量的修饰语提问时，疑问词用how muchThey want two cups of juice .How much juice do they want ?对不可数名词前量词部分的修饰语提问时，疑问词用how many.They want two cups of juice .How many cups of juice do they want ? 可数名词 可数名词复数的规则变化1 一般情况加-s: maps boys girls cars 清辅音后读/s/,浊辅音和元音后读/z/。2以s，sh, ch ,x等结尾的加 es, 读/iz/ boxes , tennises, glasses,3 以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i再加 es, 读/z/ city-cities library-libraries factoryfactories university-universities 以元音字母+y结尾的名词变复数时，直接加-s,如：boys.4以o结尾的名词，变复数时： 没有生命的加s,如：photo-photos piano -pianos有生命的加es,如： potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes5以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时：改f ，fe 为ve再加-s 如： knife-knives leaf leaves wolf - wolves名词复数的不规则变化Child - children foot -feet tooth-teethman men woman- women a Englishman two Englishmen 单复数同形deer sheep Chinese Japanese fish集体名词people police注意：maths news 为单数名词三练习题写出下列词的复数1.book_ 2.bus _ 3.orange _4.baby_ 5.boy_ 6.my _7.his_ 8.knife_ 9.watch_ 10.sheep _ 11. tooth _ 12. leaf _13.German_ 14.Chinese_ 16. box_ 17. photo_ 18. it _19. he_ 20. fish_ 21. woman_ 22. people _ 23. tomato _ 24. American _25. cloth _选择填空( )1. He often has _ for breakfast.A. two breads B. two piece of breadsC. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads( )2. Mrs. Green has two _. Theyre very bright.A. childs B. child C. childrens D. children( )3. I have a lot of _ to do.A. works B. job C. work D. working( )4. Li Lei is a friend of _.A. I sister B. my sisters C. me sister D. my sister of( ) 5. How many _ are there in the room?A. boxes B. box C. boxs D. boxxes( ) 6.Many _ have been built in our city since 1987.A. factorys B. factoriesC. factoryes D. factorys( ) 7.There are lots of _ in the basket on the table .A. tomatos B. tomato C. tomatoes D. tomatoss( ) 8. He eats two _ for lunch.A. fishs B. fish C. fishes ( )