选修七Unit2语法.ppt

各种时态的被动语态形式为：1)be+done(过去分词)一般现在时2）has/havebeendone现在完成时3）am/is/arebeingdone现在进行时4）was/weredone一般过去时5）hadbeendone过去完成时6）was/werebeingdone过去进行时7）shall/willbedone(begoingtobedone,beabouttobedone,betobedone)一般将来时8）should/wouldbedone过去将来时,被动语态的特殊结构形式1)双宾语动词用于被动结构时，通常变为主语的是间接宾语,另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。Hismothergavehimapresent.=Hewasgivenapresentbyhismother.2)当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。Someonecaughttheboysmoking.=Theboywascaughtsmoking.4）在使役动词have,make,get感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，变为被动结构时要还原to。Someonesawastrangerwalkintothebuilding.=Astrangerwasseentowalkintothebuilding.5)有些动词词组“动词介词”，“动词副词”等，用于被动结构要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其介词或副词不能省略。例ThemeetingistobeputofftillFriday.,不定式由“to+do(动词原形)”构成,其否定形式是“nottodo”,不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语,在句子中作_,_,_,_,_,_。不定式没有人称和数的变化,但有_和_的变化。,主语,表语,宾语,宾补,定语,状语,时态语态,不定式有时态和语态的变化，时态共四种，即一般式、完成式、进行式和完成进行式。语态分为主动语态和被动语态，如下表所示。,时态与语态,不定式,todo,tobedone,tobedoing,tohavedone,tohavebeendone,tohavebeendoing,-,-,归纳：逻辑主语是动作的执行者时用_语态；逻辑主语是动作的承受者时用_语态。,主动,被动,1.Hehopes_(see)youagain.他希望再次见到你。2.Hethoughtitanhonor_(invite)totheparty.他认为被邀请参加派对是个荣幸。,tosee,tobeinvited,todohavebeensetupB.havetakenplace;havebeensetupC.havetakenplace;havesetupD.weretakenplace;weresetup23.Thatsuit_over60dollars.A.hadcostedB.costedC.iscostedD.cost24.-Look!Everythinghereisunderconstruction.-Whatstheprettysmallhousethat_for?A.isbeingbuiltB.hasbeenbuiltC.isbuiltD.isbuilding,B,B,D,A,25.-Doyoulikethematerial?-Yes,it_verysoft.A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfelt26.Itisdifficultforaforeigner_ChineseAwriteBtowriteCtobewrittenDwritten27.Nobodynoticedthethiefslipintothehousebecausethelightshappenedto_.A.beputupB.giveinC.beturnedonD.goout28.Thecomputersonthetable_ProfessorSmith.A.belongsB.arebelongedtoC.belongstoD.belongto,C,B,D,D,29.-Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?-Oh,excellent.Itsworth_asecondtime.A.toreadB.tobereadC.readingD.beingread30.Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed_.A.catchingB.tobecaughtC.beingcaughtD.tocatch31.Thispageneeded_again.A.beingcheckedB.checkedC.tocheckD.tobechecked32._manytimes,theboystilldidntknowhowtodotheexercisesA.HavingtaughtB.HavingbeentaughtC.taughtD.Teaching,C,C,D,B,Whatamessyroom!Bruc