现代大学英语精读4-课后答案

Key to the Exercises3.15) out of sight 16) in this instance 17) to think well/ill of sb 18) to confront sb with sth 19) to lag behind 20) to confer sth on sb 21) for my money 22) to be too much for sb 23) to make for 24) to set out to do sth 25) few and far between 26) to aspire to 27) at the best of times 28) all over again 29) to do away with 30) to stand to lose 4.Increase your vacabulary with the help of the rules of word-building1) Find the most useful derivatives of the following. satisfy: satisfied, satisfying, satisfactory, satisfaction, unsatisfied, dissatisfied resist: resistance, resistant, irresistible just: unjust, justice, injustice, justify, justified, justification, justifiable cohere: coherent, coherence, incoherent, incoherence center ( v): center (n. ), central, centralize, centralization, decentralize, decentralization visit: visitor, visitation, revisit (The following words are also related to visit: visible, invisible, visibility, vision, visual, television, supervise) integrate: integration, integrated, integral, disintegrate, disintegration, integrity More Work on theText Vocabulary1.1) into Chinese.1) into Chinese. (1)浴巾 (2) (美)小学 (3)永恒的真理 (4)文件柜 (5)纯属无稽之谈 (6)违规行为 (7)常客 (8)新鲜空气 (9)格调很高的独自(一个人唱高调)(10)一种固定的观点 (11)时事(当前国内外大事) (12)身体障碍 (13)可怕吓人的风 (14)令人厌恶的景象 (15)言语障碍 (16)使人兴奋冲动的爱国激情 (17)无情的人侵者 (18)首相 (19)国际联盟(国联) (20)思维过程(思想方式) (21)条理清楚的文章 (22)一个完整的体系 (23)一位口译好手 (24)一种不可阻挡的趋向 (25)烂苹果 (26)根据事实(启示写成的 (27)一位点头之交 2) into English. (1) to sink ones head (2) to sink the ship (3) to contemplate the meaning of life (4) to catch the light (5) to ruin ones health (6) to ruin the country (7) to bang the desk (8) to playa prominent role (9) to hold a prominent position (10) a pious Buddhist (11) to gain a reputation (12) to satisfy ones ego (13) to give sb the third degree (14) to devise a teaching method (15) to slide a gun into sbs hand 2.1) Synonyms. (1) to spring (to jump, to leap)(2) lest (for fear that) (3) utterly (completely) (4) to symbolize (to represent) (5) to sink ones head (to lower . )(6) to contemplate (to think/ponder) (7) spectacles (glasses) (8) impediment (barrier, obstacle) (9) to collapse (to fall/to tumble down) (10) to ruin (to destroy)(11) to vanish (to disappear) (12) oddly (strangely) (13) to aspire to (to desire/to aim for) (14) to do away with (to eliminate) (15) to stop/give up (smoking) (to quit) (16) deficiency (weakness, fault, shortcoming) (17) folly (stupidity)2) Antonyms. (1) coherent (incoherent) (2) mental (physical) (3) disinterested (interested) (4) hideous (pleasant) (5) settled (unsettled) (6) frequent (infrequent) (7) integration (disintegration) (8) proficient (incompetent) (9) to destroy (to create) (10) to surpass (to lag behind) (11) remorseless (remorseful) (12) to vanish (to appear) (13) accustomed (unaccustomed) (14) irreverent (reverent) (15) few and far between (many, innumerable, countless, numerous) (6) loyalty (disloyalty) (17) contented (discontented) (18) pre-war (post-war) (19) prominent (unimportant) 3. Translate1) I knew I could expect my brother to stand by me whatever happened. 2) As a general rule, young people tend to be more interested in the present and the future. 3) Both sides will stand to lose if they do not compromise. 4) It is our hope to integrate all the courses and teaching materials. 5) The Chinese written language has been a major factor for integrating our nation. 6) In traditional Chinese art, the bamboo stands for moral integrity and uprightness. 7) The great majority of the people stand for reform. 8) Queen Elizabeth the First ruled England for 45 years, and the country prospered under her rule. 9) The truth is always in the hands of a small minority at first. Thats the rule. 10) Democracy means that the majority rules, but the minoritys right to disagree is also respected. These two basic rules are of equal importance. 11) A nation cannot be strong unless it is well-integrated economically, politically and culturally as well as geographically. 13) The party was boring, so she slipped out of the room and went home. 14) The road was muddy. He slipped and fell into the river. 15) One day I was drowning my sorrows in a restaurant because I was broke when he came and slipped a roll of money into my hand. 16) The Court of Florida ruled that it was necessary to recount the votes. 17) The idea that the sun moves round the earth ruled ancient scholars for more than a thousand years. 18) The hutongs are an integral part of old Beijing. 19) Days slipped by and I still had not made much progress. 20) He weighed every word carefully lest he should make a mistake. 21) Her health was such that she would not go out in the sun even in winter lest she got sunstroke. 4.1)c. 2) A. 3) D. 4) A. 5) B. 6) B. 7) C. 8) B.9) A.10) C.11)D 12) A.13) A.14) B.5.1) (1) sexy (2) sexual (3) sexy (4) sexist (5) sexual 2) (1) uninterested (2) disinterested (3) disinterested (4) disinterested, uninterested 3) (1) Literary (2) literally (3) literate (4) literal (5) literary 4) (1) bulging (2) sticking out of (3) bulging (4) bulging (5) sticking out of ( 6) protruding, protruding 5) (1) slid (2) slip (3) slipped (4) sliding (5) slip6) (1) prestige (2) reputation (3) reputation (4) prestige 61) decisive 2) sang beautifully 3) robust 4) soft 5) democratic 6) eloquent 7) have lost his appetite. 8) The slice of meat was so thick that it was quite (transparent). 9) His room was surprisingly clean and tidy. It was almost as clean as (pigsty). 10) Many people are just as original as (parrots). 7(1) their (2) even(3) reason (4) disagree(5) to express(6) thinking(7) for(8) dealing with(9) Staying (10) hungry(11) gains (12) born of (13) can (14) superficial (15) when III Grammar11) Point out the parallel construction and its grammatical form in each of these sentences. (1) not by thought; by an invisible and irresistible spring in his neck-two prepositional phrases (contrast) (2) unconscious prejudice; 19norance; hypocrisy-three noun phrases (listing) (3) as proficient as most businessmens golf; as honest as most politicians intentions; as coherent as most books that get written-three comparative adjective phrases (listing) (4) all shouting the same thing; all warming their hands at the fire of their own prejudicestwo absolute constructions (listing) (5) watching the crowds cheering His Majesty the King; asking myself what all the fuss was about-two present participle phrases (as object complements, listing) (6) prejudices are called loyalties; pointless actions are turned into customs by repetition- two clauses (listing) (7) three coordinate clauses (listing) (8) to appreciate little that which we have; to long for that which we have not-two infinitive phrases as subject (contrast) (9) to be; not to be-two infinitive phrases as subject (choice) (10) give me liberty; give me death-two imperative clauses (choice) (11) is written without effort; is read without pleasure-two passive verb phrases (contrast)(12) you can fool all of the people some of the time and some of the people all of the time; you cant fool all of the people all of the time-two coordinate clauses connected by but (series plus contrast) The first clause itself contains two parallel constructions-all of the people some time; some of the people all of the time-connected by and (choice) 2) Study and point out the function of the italicized part of these sentences. (1) adjective phrase as subject complement (2) deaf: adjective forming a complement to someone with born bitterly determined to find out about sound: adjective phrase as complement to someone (3) adjective phrase as subject complement (4) adjective phrase as attributive modifying good life (an adjective phrase modifying a noun should be placed after the noun) (5) adjective phrase as subject complement 21) Thomas Edison says that genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration. 2) Suzhou is known for its canals, gardens and tree-lined streets. 3) The morning was dark, cold with a little snow in the air. 4) The unemployed man wanted a job rather than welfare. Or: The unemployed man wanted to find a job rather than to apply for welfare. 5) Crawling down a mountain is sometimes harder than climbing up. 6) The essay is difficult to understand not because there are a lot of technical terms but because there are quite a few involved sentences. Or: The essay is difficult to understand not because of the technical terms 10 it but because of the involved sentences. 7) For further information, you can either consult an encyclopaedia or surf the Internet. 8) Not only China but also the rest of the world will benefit from her WTO entry. It is a win-win event. Or: As a win-win event, Chinas WTO entry will be of benefit to both China and the rest of the world. 9) The job of the university is not only making specialists of its students but also helping them become civilized citizens. Or: The job of the university is both to make specialists of its students and to help them become civilized citizens. 10) Going to classes, doing his homework and reading occupy most of his waking hours at college. 31) 20 years later he returned as poor as when he had left. 2) He arrived home from a coast-to-coast journey a bag of bones. 3) The girl stared at her parents, puzzled, troubled and annoyed. 4) The proposal was dismissed as impractical and unfeasible. 5) Just some twenty feet away, crouched the wolf, ready to jump on the boy at any moment. 6) The audience sat open-mouthed, watching the conjurers performing all sorts of tricks. 7) The detective was lying awake in bed, thinking how they could capture the wanted man alive. 8) The talk show host was pleased that he had passed through the crowd unrecognized. 9) Sincere, compassionate, forgiving, Linda is the soul of the true, the good and the beautiful. 10) Diogenes was lying in the sunshine, shoeless, bearded, and half-naked, but contented and happy.41) You can force a student to attend classes, but you cannot force him to think. Or: You can force a student to attend classes, but not to think. 2) The study of literature can help you to understand not only other people but also yourself. 3) You can improve your writing by reading good models and by practicing writing. 4) In the Middle Ages, people believed that the eatth was flat and that it was the center of the universe. 5) I can afford neither the time nor the money to play golf with those big cheeses. 6) Xiao Jin could not decide whether to apply for graduate studies right after college or to get a job first. 7) Love cures people-both those who give it and those who receive it. 8) Excellent firms dont believe in perfection, only in constant improvement and constant change. 9) Many things cannot be learned in the classroom, such as planning ones time, working on ones own and managing ones own affairs. 10) In the past ten years people, especially old people, have been concerned more about their health than about their income. 51) looks, being complimented, will say, has come, felt, was, was always looking for, to hurt, was called, believed, heard, would come, take, replace, might/would happen, to make, would/might get, to fool, would say. 2) became, should be removed, (I) ve learned, wouldnt really want, is, provides, isnt, dies, crashes, will lay, have been lying, find, rotting, sprout, goes on. 61) C. 2) D. 3) B. 4) D. 5) A. 6) C. 7) B. 8) A. 9) C. 10) B. 1l)C. 12) D.13) A.14) B.15) D.16) A.Translate1) into Chinese(1) 专业的历史工作者(2) 基于常识的反应2）into English (1) to gain new insights (2) to revise ones ideas (3) to trace the cause (4) to begin from this premise (5) to open fire on/at (6) to give equal weight to sth (7) to support a certain view (8) to influence the government (9) to destroy the balance of power (10) to form an alliance (11) to repay the loans (12) to contemplate war (13) to fill in the gaps (14) to conclude the quest (15) to view sth from a certain perspective (16) to benefit from the comparison (17) to eliminate from the comparison (18) to dig into the problem (19) to be immersed in a vast sea (20) to stem from a different point of view (21) to be destined to do sth (22) to ignore the fact (23) to make an assumption (24) to defeat the enemy (25) to win back ones lost territory (26) to sink a boat (27) to intercept the secret message (28) to piece together evidence (29) to approximate the truth (30) to master new techniques (3) 事物的这种状况(4) 意见不一的历史学家(5) 已经准备好了的现成的东西(6) 一个个人喜好不同的问题(7) 截然不同的观点(8) 民间故事(9) 书面文件(10) 过去的遗留物(11) 人的动机和行为(12) 复杂和精细(13) 商船(14) 一旦发生潜艇战(15) 一个粗糙的理论(16) 好战的行为；战争行为(17) 宣传机器(18) 德国外交部长(19) 实力平衡(20) （事物的）因果(21) 海岸炮兵(22) 终极关怀(23) （事物的）近因(24) 人们常说的一句话(25) 不会出错的解释(26) 绝对有效的模式(27) 永不停止的探索(28) 一个难以达到但又十分诱人的目标1. Give synonyms and antonyms of the following.1) synonyms(1) elusive : puzzling, baffling (2) intriguing: fascinating (3) evident: clear, plain, obvious, noticeable(4) ultimate: final, last(5) to revise: to correct, to change, to alter, to modify, to rewrite(6) to probe: to dig into, to investigate, to look into (7) belligerent: warlike, warring, aggressive, hostile(8) in addition to: besides, apart from, plus(9) in the event of: in the case of, should sth occur(10) nonetheless: nevertheless, in spite of that, just the same(11) to conclude ( the quest) : to end (the search / probing)(12) to denote: to refer to (13) persuasively: convincingly(14) more or less: on the whole, generally speaking(15) moreover: in addition, besides, apart from that, whats more (16) by way of: through2) antonyms(1) to be faulted: to be praised (2) exhilarating: depressing(3) unquestioned: doubtful(4) validity: unsoundness, weakness(5) premise: conclusion(6) motivation: effect (7) proportionate: disproportionate(8) pro-British: anti-British(9) to take into account: to ignore(10) crude (theory): a well-developed (theory), a sophisticated (theory)(11) confused: clear, clear-minded(12) professional: non-professional, amateurish2. Replace the words in bold type with words and phrases you know that convey more or less the same meaning.1) simple/primitive; told; thick2) pondering/thinking about; future/fate; insignificant3) completely/entirely; different/opposite4) consider/regard; look at; angles/points of view5) knows very well; growing/increasing; complaints6) besides/apart from; easy; in the case of/if there is 7) purposely paid no attention to 8) generally/on the whole; however/but; come from/originate from9) absolutely reliable; wipe out/get rid of; bound to3. Translate1) The cause of the aircraft crash is so far unknown.2) The cause of global warming is still hotly debated among scientists.3) He devoted all his life to the cause of environmental protection.4) The river has caused us a lot of trouble in history.5) What do you think caused the upsurge in international terrorism?6) We must try and unite with those who have opposed us.7) There is always opposition to any progress and reform.8) Some people are always opposed to new things.9) A lot of those loans were never repaid. That high ratio of bad debts finally led to the financial crisis in this second economic power in the world.10) The Business Bank now offers a special loan to students who cant pay for their education.11) The boy asked Mrs. Stow for the loan of her binoculars. 12) She concluded her speech by saying that she hoped she could come again some day and see more of the country.13) As soon as they concluded the investigation, they were to report to the Security Council.14) During his visit, he will conclude a new trade agreement with India.15) Based on those reasonable doubts, the jury had to conclude that the boy was not guilty.16) She is flying to New York by way of Tokyo.17) Id like to say a few words about the situation in the sixties of the last century by way of an introduction to the movie.18) They decided to recall their ambassador by way of protest.4. Put the most appropriate words in the blanks.1) while/although; to 2) over/about; with 3) to; in 4) led to/resulted in/caused5) with; lends/gives/brings6) from; in 7) as to; of 8) in the even of; survive9) to; to; study10) out; in11) in; weight/priority12) denote; of 13) immersed/buried; more or less14) rather; the more15) at; stems from/comes from/originates from/results from16) base; filled in Key to Exercise of Unit FourP.107 ex.39. to put back ones head10.to put down a drink11. in case12.to squint at sth. Out of the corner of ones eye13. to stand next to sth.14. to be lost in the contemplation of sth.15. to feel like sth.16. with-and all17. round the corner18.by this/that time19. to start off20. to walk abreast 21. to be at ones ease 22. to weave sb. In23. to save sb. From24. to talk ones heart to sb.25. not for all the money in the world26.to knock sb. Down27. to say sth. In a strained voice28.to get beyond sb.29. for Gods sake30. to