生物医学工程专业英语课件.ppt

ProfessionalEnglishforStudentsofBiomedicalEngineeringDepartment,专业英语,翻译软件：1.金山词霸2.科技大词典3.google上课主要内容：1、专业文献的阅读，从中掌握一些专业词汇2、撰写英文简历的技巧上课形式：分组讨论考试形式：开卷评分标准：1.上课表现2.考试成绩,（一）医学仪器的限制条件（二）医学仪器的研制过程（三）仪器的静态特性（四）广义的仪器系统（五）可选择的工作方式（六）生物医学仪器的分类,第一章医学仪器的基本原理,表1.1医学和生理学参数P10,1.12生物医学仪器的开发过程,1.2广义的仪器系统functionalcomponents功能部件dashedlines虚线livingtissue活组织，活体measurand被测对象physicalquantity物理量bloodpressure血压electrocardiogrampotential心电电位infraredradiation红外辐射tissuesample组织切片anatomicalstructure解剖结构diaphragm膜片sensingelement敏感元件straingage应变电阻片sensitivity灵敏度,signalconditioning信号调节matchtheimpedance阻抗匹配repetitivesignals周期信号timedomain时间领域，时域frequencydomain频率领域，频域Dopplerultrasonic多普勒超声波calibrationsignal校准信号signalconditioner信号调节器processingschemes数据处理电路conventionalprinciple一般原理auxiliaryelements辅助部分,1.3可选择的工作方式,thoracic胸廓plethysmography体积描记法respiratorygasflow呼吸气流流量objectiveofthemeasurement测量位置generatingsensor发生传感器modulatingsensor调制传感器photovoltaiccell光生伏打电池photoconductivecell光导电池,analog-to-digitalconverter模数变换器digital-to-analogconverter数模变换器indirectdigitalsensor间接数字传感器quasi-digitalsensor准数字传感器beat-to-beatheart心率real-time实时delayed-time延时cellculture细胞培养,1.5生物医学仪器的分类,quantitythatissensed转换参数organsystem生理系统clinicalmedicine临床医生resistive电阻的inductive电感的capacitive电容的ultrasonic超声波的electrochemical电化学的cardiovascular心血管pulmonary肺nervous神经endocrine内分泌Pediatrics儿科学Obstetrics产科学Cardiology心脏病学Radiology放射学bloodpressure血压,1.9广义的静态特性,interferinginput干扰输入信号modifyinginput变形输入信号characteristicsofinstrumentperformance仪器工作特性Staticcharacteristics静态特性Dynamiccharacteristics动态特性differentialequation微分方程integralequation积分方程accuracy精度precision精密度resolution分辨力reproducibility重复性statisticalcontrol统计控制statisticalanalysis统计分析法multiplemeasurement多次测量staticsensitivity静态灵敏度zerodrift零点漂移intercept截距manufacturingmisalignment制造误差,ambienttemperature环境温度hysteresis滞后现象vibration振动shock冲击sensitivitydrift灵敏度变化manufacturingtolerance制造公差electrocardiograph心电图inputranges输入信号的量程minimalresolvable最小可分辨normallinearoperatingrange额定的线性工作范围maximaloperatingrange最大的工作量程storagecondition储存条件inputimpedance输入阻抗phasor矢量steady-statesinusoidal稳态正弦effortinputvariable作用力输入变量flowinputvariable流速输入变量velocity速度flow流速,第二章基本传感器及其原理,（一）位移测量方法（二）电阻式传感器（三）电感式传感器（四）电容式传感器（五）压电式传感器（六）温度测量（七）热电偶（八）热敏电阻,前言,physiologicalevent生理活动resistance电阻inductance电感capacitance电容electromagnetic-radiationsensor电磁辐射传感器,2.1位移测量方法,bloodvessel血管heartvalve心脏瓣膜microphonediaphragm微音器膜片heartmurmur心脏杂音,2.2电阻式传感器,conducting-plastic导电树脂ceramic陶瓷的mandrel卷筒card芯线frictional摩擦力的inertial惰性的dynamicdistortion动态失真resistivity电阻率、电阻系数nanometer纳米derivation推导mechanicalcoefficient机械系数,substitute代替，替代lattice点阵gagefactor应变系数temperaturecompensation温度补偿armature衔铁translationalmotion平移运动vacuum-depositedfilm真空沉积薄膜dummyelement虚拟元件,2.3电桥电路,voltagedivider分压器null-balance零平衡deflection-balance偏转平衡adjustment调整器,2.4电感式传感器,effectivepermeability有效导磁率self-inductance自感mutual-inductance互感differentialtransformer差动变压器parallelconnection并联dielectricproperties介电特性,2.5电容式传感器,dielectricconstant介电常数neutralpoint中点,2.6压电式传感器,electricpotential电势，电压physicaldeformation机械变形crystallattice晶格negativeandpositivecharges正负电荷leakageresistance漏电阻inducedcharge感应电荷bariumtitanate钛酸钡crystallographicorientation晶向longitudinalcompression轴向压力transversalcompression横向压力shearaction剪切作用,2.7温度测量,inshock休克中lossoffluids失水anesthesia麻醉thermalregulatorycenter体温调节中枢hypothermia低温metabolicprocess新陈代谢作用incubator保温箱ambient环境arthritis关节炎artifact人为现象oral-mucosa口腔粘膜fiberoptic光纤,第四章生物电位,volumeconductorfields容积导体电场4.1可兴奋细胞的活动bioelectricpotential生物电位muscular肌肉的glandular腺的restingpotential静息电位actionpotential动作电位lipoproteincomplex脂蛋白复合物,organicanion有机阴离子potassiumion钾离子sodiumion钠离子diffusiongradient扩散梯度anion阴离子chargeseparator电荷分离器unattenuated不衰减,4.3周围神经系统的功能组织,reflexarc反射弧CNS中枢神经系统centralintegratingstation中心综合站motornerve运动神经nervetrunk神经干effectororgan效应器官kneejerkreflex膝跳反射patellartendon髌腱musclespindle肌梭synapse突触neuromuscular神经肌肉的end-plateregion终板区neurotransmitter神经递质acetylcholine乙酰胆硷interstitialbodyfluid间质体液musculature肌肉组织tetanus痉挛titaniccontraction强直性收缩,4.4神经电图,latency等待时间，延搁时间concentricneedleelectrode同轴针电极ulnarnerve尺神经fieldpotential电场电位suralnerve腓肠神经polyphas多相的temporaldispersion时间上的分散,4.5肌电图,skeletalmuscle骨骼肌volitionaleffort意志努力interspersewith相交替triphasic三相monopolar单极bipolar双极,第五章生物电位电极,5.6体表记录电极electrolytesoakedpad导电膏limbelectrode肢电极terminal接线柱leadwire引线concave凹的polyvinylchloride聚氯乙烯tack粘贴剂,5.7体内电极,percutaneouselectrodes经皮电极electrolyte电解液electrolytegel导电膏extracellularfluid细胞外液strainlesssteel不锈钢insulatingvarnish绝缘漆hypodermic皮下的subcutaneous皮下的cardioscope心脏镜,5.8微电极,electrolyticsolution电解液electrolyticetching电解腐蚀cell电解槽、电解池stainlesssteel不锈钢platinum-iridium铂铱合金tungstencarbide碳化钨polymericmaterial聚合材料meltingpoint熔点softeningpoint软化点constriction缩颈silver-solderalloy银焊料合金platinumandsilveralloys铂合金和银合金indium铟Woodsmetal伍德合金adeposited-metal-film沉积金属薄膜theorderoftenths十分之几micropipetelectrodes玻璃吸管微电极glasscapillaries玻璃毛细管,5.10使用电极的心得,crimp压褶peen捶打half-cellpotential半电池电位saturationeffects饱和效应comeoff脱落taperedregion锥形flexingforces弯曲力implantableelectrodes植入电极high-fidelity高保真度,第七章血压和心音,physiciansoffice诊所peripheralvascularsystem周围血管系统,7.1直接测量技术,catheter导管intravascularpressuresensor血管内压力传感器optoelectronic电光器件three-waystopcock三通活拴saline-heparinsolution肝素氯化钠液体clot凝结hydraulicconnection传动液压OD外直径electricdrift电气漂移,7.13血压的间接测量法,palpation触诊systolicpressure收缩压palpable可触摸的stethoscope听诊器muffling减音diastolicpressure舒张压hypotensivepatient低血压病人interposedtissue中间组织circumferenceoftheextremity肢体周长hydrostatic流体静力学的energydistribution能量分布auscultation听诊,第十一章临床实验室仪器设备,clinicalpathology临床病理学hematology血液学bloodbank血库urine尿platelet血小板cerebrospinalfluid(CSF)脑脊液coultercounter库特粒细胞计数器pathologicalmicroorganism病理性微生物semiautomatically半自动地antibiotic抗生素susceptibilitytest灵敏性测试initsinfancy刚刚开始,11.1分光光度测定技术,spectrophotometry分光光度测定技术photometer光度计colorimeter比色计ultraviolet紫外线infrared红外线cuvette比色皿reagent试剂,11.3层析法,chromatology色彩学，层析法stationaryphase定态相hormone激素overdose配药过量,11.4电泳技术,electrophoresis电泳技术isoenzyme同工酶centimeter厘米gel凝胶体electroendosmosis电内渗chromatography色谱barriereffect势垒效应wickflow灯心流streamingpotential流势,11.5血液学,hematology血液学platelet血小板excretion排泄neutrophil嗜中性白血球lymphocyte淋巴球monocyte单核白血球eosinophil嗜酸性白血球basophil嗜碱性白血球hematocri血球容积法hemoglobin血红蛋白meancorpuscularvolume红细胞平均体积meancorpuscularhemoglobin红细胞的平均血红蛋白含量meancorpuscularhemoglobinconcentration红细胞平均血红蛋白浓度,第十四章电气安全,morbidity发病率mortality死亡率mucousmembrane黏膜vermin寄生虫,14.1电的生理效应,thresholdofperception感觉阈值let-gocurrent脱开电流asphyxiation窒息ventricularfibrillation心室纤颤defibrillator去颤器,14.4宏电击危害,macroshock宏电击epidermis表皮hornylayer角质层rectum直肠intravenous静脉内的groundwire地线receptacle插座hemodialysis血液透析,14.5微电击危害,straycapacitance寄生电容epicardialelectrode心外膜起搏电极endocardialelectrode心内膜