自考词汇第五章练习题

第五章自测试题I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement.1. A word is the combination of and A. sound, spelling B. spelling, meaning C. form, meaning D. sound, meaning2. Words are but symbols, many of which have meaning only when they have acquired . A. concept B. sense C. motivation D. reference3. By form we mean A. its spelling B. its pronunciation C. both its pronunciation and spelling D. its symbols4. Reference is the relationship between language and A. the motivation B. the concept C. the world D. sense5. A word has meaning only when a connection has been established between the linguistic sign and a A. reference B. referent C. concept D. motivation6. Of the four types of motivation, motivation is the most productive. A. etymological B. morphological C. semantic D. onomatopoeic7. meaning refers to that part of the meaning of the word which indicates grammatical concept or relationships. A. Lexical B. Conceptual C. Associative D. Grammatical8. The oldest motivation is supposed to be motivation. A. semantic B. etymological C. onomatopoeic D. morphological9. Although reference is a kind of abstraction, yet with the help of , it can refer to something specific. A. concept B. motivation C. context D. sense10. Sense denotes the relationships . A.with the concept B. outside the language C. with the meaning D.inside the language11. Motivation accounts for the connection between the linguistic symbol and its . A. sense B. meaning C. concept D. reference12. Concept which is beyond language, is the result of human . A. recognition B. cognition C. acquisition D. practice13. The relationship between the word form and meaning is and . A. arbitrary, non-motivated B. arbitrary, motivated C. conventional, motivated D. arbitrary, conventional14. The sense of an expression is its place in a system of relationships with other expressions in the language. A. logical B. morphological C. semantic D. grammatical15. Most words can be said to be . A. motivated B. non-motivated C. affixes D. compounds16. is universal to all men alike regardless of culture, race, language and so on. A. Sense B. Motivation C. Concept D. Reference17. The connection between the reference of a word and the thing outside the language is the result of and _ A. specification, generalization B. generalization, abstraction C. abstraction, specification D. extension, generalization18. By means of , a speaker indicates which things in the world are being talked about. A. referent B. reference C. concept D. motivation19. much and many have the same . A. concept B. motivation C. collocation D. sense20. The word meaning is made up of . A. connotative meaning and affective meaning B. stylistic meaning and collocative meaning C. grammatical meaning and lexical meaning D. conceptual meaning and associative meaning21. Grammatical meaning of a word becomes important only when it is used in . A. extra-linguistic context B. non-linguistic context C. actual context D. lexical context22. Conceptual meaning, also known as meaning, is the meaning given in the dictionary and forms the core of word meaning. A. lexical B. associative C. connotative D. denotative23. meaning is the secondary meaning supplemented to the meaning. A. Lexical, grammatical B. Conceptual, associative C. Associative, conceptual D. Connotative, conceptual24. Associative meaning comprises four types: . A. Lexical, grammatical, stylistic, and affective B. Connotative, stylistic, affective, and collocative C. Lexical, conceptual, affective, and collocative D. Conceptual, connotative, affective, and stylistic25. Words that have emotive values may fall into two categories: or . A. lexical, grammatical B. appreciative, pejorative C. associative, conceptual D. stylistic, affective26. Both pretty and handsome have the same meaning of good-looking , but they are different in_ A. conceptual, style B.lexical, emotive values C. conceptual, collocation D. stylistic, connotation27. It is noticeable that meaning overlaps with and affective meanings because in a sense both latter meanings are revealed by means of collocations. A. stylistic, collocative B. connotative, associative C. collocative, stylistic D. conceptual, lexical28. meaning is unstable, varying considerably according to culture, historical period, and the experience of the individual. A. Lexical B. Grammatical C. Connotative D. Stylistic29. charger, steed, horse, and plug have the same meaning, but they differ in meaning. A. stylistic, conceptual B. affective, stylistic C. collocative, connotative D. conceptual, stylistic30. meaning surfaces only in use, but meaning is constant in all the content words within or with-out context as it is related to the notion that the word conv-eys. A. Lexical, grammatical B. Conceptual, associative C. Associative, conceptual D. Grammatical, lexical31. The word cooperation and endless are words. A. etymologically motivated B. semantically motivated C. morphologically motivated D. onomatopoeically motivated32. The words bow-wow, buzz, tick-tuck are words. A. semantically motivated B. etymologically motivated C. morphologically motivated D. onomatopoeically motivated33. is not a morphologically motivated word. A. laconic B. airmail C. reading-lamp D. hopeless34. Associative meaning comprises several types except . A. connotative meaning B. stylistic meaning C. affective meaning D. lexical meaning35. love, care, tenderness are of mother. A. the stylistic meanings B. the connotative meanings C. the stylistic meanings D. the collocative meaningsIII. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.1. Affective meaning indicates the speakers towards the person or thing in question.2. Martin Joos(1962)in his book The Five Clock suggests five degrees of : frozen, formal, consultative, casual and intimate.3. Lexical meaning is made up of conceptual meaning and _ meaning.4. meaning is the meaning given in the dictionary and forms the Core of word meaning.5. Semantic motivation refers to the associations sug-gested by the conceptual meaning of a word.6. The meanings of etymologically motivated words relate directly to their _.7. Semantic motivation explains the connection between the literal sense and sense of the word.8. Onomatopoeic words are created by imitating the sounds or noises.9. Not every word has . For example, probable, and, if, and “yes” , all have some sense, but none of them refer to anything in the world.10. roar is a word produced through motivation.11. In the sentence, The reactionarys chief ambition is to become the emperor. , ambition has a connotation.12. Connotative meaning refers to the qvertones or associations suggested by the meaning traditionally known as connota-tions.13. The relationship between the word form and meaning is conventional and arbitrary, and most words can be said to be _.14. Semantic motivation refers to the mental associations suggested by the meaning of a word.15. Meaning and concept are Closely related but not _.16. The meaning consists of connotative meaning, stylistic meaning, affective meaning and collocative meaning.17. A concept is to all men alike.18. mouth in the mouth of the river is motivated.19. Not all the words produced by applying the word-forming rules are .20. The grammatical meanings can indlcate parts of speech of words, singular and plural meanings of nouns, meanings of verbs and their inflectional forms, etc.21. A concept has referring expressions.22. Connotative meaning varies considerably according to euhure, historical period and the of the individual.23. commence is in style.24. meaning includes conceptual meaning and asso-ciative meaning.25. words have both the same conceptual meaning and associative meaning.26. roommate and miniskirt are motivated words.27. Denotative meaning is the meaning given in the dictionary and it forms the of word meaning.28. pen is a/an motivated word.29 .Unlike conceptual meaning, meaning is unstable and indeterminate.30. Normally, when we talk about the meaning of a word, we are speaking of what we call its .31. A word is the of form and meaning.32. is the relationship between language and the world.33. There are a lot of words whose structures are , i. e. their meanings are not the combinations of the separate parts.34. In the sentence, He is fond of the bottle. , bottle refers to .35. Parts of speech of words, singular and plural meaning of nouns, tense meaning of verbs all belong to meaning.36. meaning surfaces only in use.37. Just like meaning, affective meaning varies from individual to individual, from culture to culture, from generation to generation.38. Compounds and derived words are words and the meanings of many are the sum of the morphemes combined.39. Word meaning is not monogeneous but a consisting of different parts.40.black is appreciative, but nigger is .III. Match the morphemes, words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to types of motivation; types of meaning; types of word formation; types of mor-phemes and types of formality. A B 1. diminutive A. onomatopoeic motivation 2. nigger B. appreciative 3. tiny C. differing in emotive values 4. commence/begin D. back formation 5. tongue of the bell E. conlpounding 6. laconic F. blending 7. black G. pejorative 8. ambitious H. acronym 9. determined/pigheaded I. conversion 10. bleat J. initialism 11. tremble/quiver K. colloquial 12. moonlight L. grammatical meaning 13. slurb M. formal 14. sub- N. derivational prefix 15. CORE O. semantic motivation 16.burgle P. differing in stylistic meaning 17. water(n) Q. differing in colloca-tire meaning 18. house (v) R. suffixation 19. fan S. etymological motivation 20. A.D. T. back clippingIV. Study the following morphemes, words or expressions and identify types of bound morphemes underlined; types ofword formation; types of meaning; types of motivation and types of formality. 1. mother (love) ( ) 2. atom(from the smallest unit of matter) ( ) 3. es in sandwiches ( ) 4. quack ( ) 5. the foot of the mountain ( ) 6. bloom (n.) ( ) 7. handsome ( = good-looking) ( ) 8. domicile ( ) 9. sitcom ( ) 10.wee (colloquial) ( )V. Define the following terms. 1. reference 2. concept 3.sense 4. motivation 5. semantic motivation 6. grammatical meaning 7. conceptual meaning 8. connotative meaning 9. collocative meaning 10. onomatopoeic motivation 11.etymological motivation 12.affective meaning 13. morphological motivation 14. lexical meaning 15. meaning 16. form 17. stylistic meaningVI. Answer the following questions.Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given. 1. How do we classify meaning? 2. What is the function of reference? 3. What is motivation? How do we classify it? 4. What is the relationship and the difference between grammatimeaning and lexical meaning ? 5. What is the relationship and difference between conceptual meaning and associative meaning? 6. How is associative meaning classified? 7. What are the characteristics of connotative meaning? 8. What is stylistic meaning? What are its characteristics? 9. How is affective meaning classified? 10. What is collocative meaning? What are its functions?VII. Analyze and comment on the following,Write youre an-swers in the space given below. 1. It is not a home.It is a house. Study the above two sentences and analyze the grammatical meaning, conceptual meaning and connotative meaning of home and of house. 2. After chucking a stone at the cops, they did a bunk with the loot. Are all the words in the sentence used appropriately? If not, ex-plain the reasons and improve the sentence. 3. a lacoic answer What does laconic mean? What motivation is found in it? Where is the word derived? 4. The pen is mightier than the sword. What motivation can be found in the sentence? What is that moti-vation? What do(es) the motivated word(s) mean?参考答案IEach 0f the statemeuts below is followed by four alterna-tive answersChoose the one that would best complete the statement 1C 2D 3C 4C 5B 6B 7D 8C 9C 10D 11B 12B 13D 14C 15B 16C 17B 18B 19A 20C 21C 22. D 23C 24B 25B 26C 27C 28C 29D 30D 31C 32D 33A 34D 35B. Compkte the following statements with proper words or expressions according tO the course b00k 1attitude 2Forillalitv 3aSSOCiative 4Conceptual 5mental 6origiBS 76gurative 8Natural 9reference 10Onomatoooeic 11negativepejoratiVe 12conceptual l 3non-motivated 14Conceotual 15identical 16associative 17. aniversal 18semanticallv 19acceptable 20Tense 21many 22Experienee 23formal 24Lexical 25few 26Norphologically 27core 28etymologicaIly 29associative 30denotation 31COBbination 32Reference 33opaque 34what is contained iBSide 35grammatical 36Grammatical 37connotative 38multi。morDhemic 39composite 40pejorativeIII. Match the morphemes, words or expressions in ColumnA with those in Column B according to (1)types of motivation;(2)types of meaning; (3) types of word formation; (4) types of morphemes and (5)types of formality. 1.M 2.G 3.K 4.P 5.0 6.S 7.B 8.R 9.C 10.A ll.Q 12.E 13.F 14.N 15.H 16.D 17.L 18.1 19.T 20.JIV. Study the following morphemes, words or expressionsand.identify (1)types of bound morphemes underlined; (2)types of word formation; (3)types of meaning; (4)types of motivation and(5)types of formality. 1. connotative meaning 2. etymological motivation 3. inflectional suffix/bound morpheme 4. onomatopoeic motivation 5. semantic motivation 6. grammatical meaning 7. Conceptual meaning 8. formal 9. blending 10. stylistic meaningV. Defme the following terms.1. Reference is the relationship between language and the world. By means of reference, a speaker indicates which things in the world (including persons)are being talked about.2. Concept, which is beyond language, is the result of human cognition, reflecting the objective world in the human mind. It is universal to all men alike regardless of culture, race, language and so ol1.3. Sense denotes the relationships inside the language. The sense of an expression is its place in a system of semantic relationships with other expressions in the language.4. Motivation accounts for the connection between the linguistic symbol and its meaning.5. Semantic motivation refers to the mental associations suggested by the conceptual meaning of a word. It explains the connection between the literal sense and figurative sense of the word.6. Grammatical meaning refers to that part of the meaning of the word which indicates grammatical concept or relationships such as part of speech of words, singular and plural meaning of nouns, tense meaning of verbs and their inflectional forms.7. Conceptual meaning (also known as denotative meaning) is the meaning given in the dictionary and forms the core of word-meaning. Being constant and relatively stable, conceptual meaning forms the basis for communication as the same word has the same conceptual