Spring_Festival.ppt

SpringFestival,GreetingSeason,1.Briefintroduction2.SpringFestivalWords3.Celebrations,TheSpringFestival，alsocalled“theChineseNewYear”，hasbeenthemostsignificantandcelebratedholidayoftheyearfortheChinesenationality.Accordingtothetraditionalcustom,theSpringFestivallastsfromthe23rddayof12thlunarmonthtothe15thdayof1stlunarmonth,andtheclimaxshouldbetheNewYearEveandthefirstdayoffirstlunarmonth.,TheChinesecharacternian(year)canbetracedbacktoinscriptionsontortoiseshellsunearthedintheYinRemains.Thepictographnianwascarvedintheshapeofamanbentwithheavyearsofwheatonhisback,whichwasanindicationthatnianhasbeencloselyrelatedtotheharvesteversincetheYinshangPeriod(1600BC-1046BC).NewYearisthetimeofharvest.,SpringFestivalWords:春节TheSpringFestival农历lunarcalendar阳历solarcalendar正月lunarJanuary;thefirstmonthbylunarcalendar除夕NewYearsEve;eveoflunarNewYear初一thebeginningofNewYear元宵节TheLanternFestivalTheCCTVNewYearsGala,Foodnames:年糕Nian-gao;risecake;NewYearcake团圆饭familyreuniondinner年夜饭thedinneronNewYearsEve饺子Jiao-zi;Chinesemeatravioli汤圆Tang-yuan;dumplingsmadeofsweetrice,rolledintoballsandstuffedwitheithersweetorspicyfillings八宝饭eighttreasuresricepudding糖果盘candytray什锦糖assortedcandies-sweetandfortune蜜冬瓜candiedwintermelon-growthandgoodhealth西瓜子redmelonseed-joy,happiness,truthandsincerity,金桔cumquat-prosperity糖莲子candiedlotusseed-manydescendentstocome糖藕candiedlotusroot-fulfillingloverelationship红枣reddates-prosperity花生糖peanutcandy-sweet祝你新的一年快乐幸福Wishyouhappinessandprosperityinthecomingyear!,Customs:过年Guo-nian;havetheSpringFestival对联poeticcouplet:twosuccessiverhyminglinesinpoetry春联SpringFestivalcouplets剪纸paper-cuts年画NewYearpaintings买年货specialpurchasesfortheSpringFestival;doSpringFestivalshopping,敬酒proposeatoast灯笼lantern:aportablelight烟花fireworks爆竹firecrackers(Peoplescareoffevilspiritsandghostswiththeloudpop.)红包redpackets(cashwrappedupinredpaper,symbolizefortuneandwealthinthecomingyear.)舞狮liondance(Thelionisbelievedtobeabletodispelevilandbringgoodluck.)舞龙dragondance(toexpectgoodweatherandgoodharvests)戏曲traditionalopera杂耍varietyshow;vaudeville灯谜riddleswrittenonlanterns庙会thetemplefair,灯会exhibitoflanterns守岁staying-up拜年payNewYearscall;giveNewYearsgreetings;NewYearsvisit禁忌taboo去晦气getridoftheill-fortune祭祖宗offersacrificestoonesancestors压岁钱giftmoney;moneygiventochildrenasalunarNewYeargift辞旧岁bidfarewelltotheoldyear扫房springcleaning;generalhouse-cleaning,The23rddayofthetwelfthlunarmonthwastheprologuetotheSpringFestivalcelebrationsinthepast.Therewouldbeatightscheduleofthoroughcleanings,specialpurchasesfortheSpringFestival,tailoringofnewclothes,worshippingtheKitchenGod,andofferingsacrificestotheancestors.,Celebration,theKitchenGodstayedatpeopleshomesduringtheyearexceptthathewouldgotoHeavenonthe23rdor24thdayofthe12thmonthofthelunaryeartoreportthefamilysbehaviortotheJadeEmperor.Sincethereportwoulddeterminethedestinyofeachhousehold,peoplewouldholdakitchenmemorialceremony,orasend-offceremonyasitwascommonlycalled.OntheChineselunarNewYearsEve,peoplewillholdawelcomeceremony-topasteanewpictureoftheKitchenGodabovethekitchenrangetowelcomehimbackfromHeaven.,Theoriginalmeaningofsettingofffirecrackerswastoexorcise(驱邪)thedevilsanddiseasesaswell.ThiscustomdatesbacktotheLiangPeriod(502AD-557AD)oftheSouthernDynasties(420AD-589AD).AdemoninthemountainsnamedMandrillalwaysmadetrouble.ThecrackingsoftheburningbamboostiedtogetherwouldfrightentheMandrillsaway.Lateron,theburningbamboosevolvedintofirecrackersandthenfireworks.Thesettingoffoffirecrackershaslostitsoriginalintent,andisnowawayofcelebration.,TheSpringFestivalcoupletsoriginatedfrompeachwoodcharmsinancienttimes.OnthepeachwoodcharmswerewrittenthenamesofthetwoGods“Shentu”and“Yulei”.AtthetimeoftheSpringFestival,thepeachwoodcharmswerehungupatthedoorway.Onceitwasgenerallyacceptedthatdevilswouldbeterrifiedbythesightofpeachwoodcharmssothattheywouldbekeptawayfromthehouseandfrombotheringpeople.,Character“Fu”(meaning“blessing”or“happiness”)isusuallypastedupsidedown（inChineseth“reversedFu”ishomophonicwith“Fucomes”）.Windowsaredecoratedwithpaper-cutsandtheChineseknotsarehungtopursuefortuneandavoiddisasters.,The30thofthetwelfthlunarmonthisalsoknownastheChineseNewYearsEve,onwhichpeoplewouldalwaysstayindoorstooffersacrificestoancestors.Allthefamilymembersgettogethertohavethefamilyreuniondinner,whichisalwaysluxurious.,PeopleinnorthernChinaeatjiaozi，whichtakestheshapeofgoldingotfromancientChina.Peopleeatthemandwishformoneyandtreasureinthecomingnewyear.IntheSouthChina,thereuniondinnerusuallyhasmorethantenmealsincludingbeancurdandfish,becausethepronunciationofthesetwomealsmeanswealthyinChineselanguage.Accordingtothecustom,peoplewillstayuplateontheChineseNewYearsEve.Familymembershavedinnertogether,andchattillmidnighttowelcometheNewYearin.Inmostareas,thefireinthechamberoftheKitchenrangeshouldnotbeputoutontheeve.Peoplewillplaceathicktreerootorcarbonblockintherangeorinanearthenbasin,toletitburnuntilthefirstdayofthelunarNewyear.Asonepieceoffuelisconsumed,theflamepassestoanother.Itsymbolizeseternity,andhasahintoftheworshipoffireasinancienttimes.,Stayingupontheeveisalsocalled“SurvivetheNian”derivedfromastory.Inthegoodoldtimes，therewasabeastcalledNian,whichcameouttohurtpeopleandanimalsontheNewYearsEve.Tokeepawayfromit,peoplewouldclosedoorsearlyandstayawaketilldaybreak,soitiscalled“SurvivetheNian”.,AlegendItwassaidthatonceonaNewYearsEve,NianranintoasmallvillagetothesouthofYangtzeRiver,anddevouredalotofpeople.Anewly-marriedcoupleinredwithreddoorcurtainsstayedsoundandsafe.Anotherfamilysurvivedbecausetheirkidsburnedapileofbamboosintheyard.Itoccurredtopeoplethatred,lightandloudsoundwerethethingstheBeastNianfearedmost.Thecustomsofpastingredpaper-cuts,wearingreddresses,hangingredlights,beatingdrumsandgongs,andsettingofffirecrackershavebeencarriedonfromgenerationtogeneration.,ThefirstdayofthefirstlunarmonthisthebeginningofaChineseNewYear.Besidessettingofffirecrackers,peoplewouldpayNewYearvisits.Firstly,theyextendNewYeargreetingstofamilymembers.Allinnewclothes,theygivetheirwishestoeachotheraccordingtodifferentranksinthefamilyhierarchy.TheyworshipGodsofEarthandHeaven,thenchildrenwillgetmoneyfromtheirseniorsasaNewYeargift.,Secondly,peoplepayNewYearvisitstofriendsandrelatives.ThevisitsandbanquetslastuntiltheLanternFestival,TheChineseareparticularabouttheirwordsanddeedsatthebeginningofayear.Pleasantwordsaresaidforluck.Orangesandlitchisareputbesidechildrenspillows,forinChinese,theirpronunciations,respectively“juzi”and“lizhi”meanauspiciousness(吉祥).Ifachildbreaksabowlbyaccident，“Peaceallyearround”shouldbesaidtoturnanillluckintogood，as“broken”hasthesamepronunciationwith“year”inChinese.Sweepingfloorsisforbiddenasitmaysweepawayluckandfortune.Ifthefloordoesneedsweeping,peopleshouldstartfromtheoutsidetotheinside.AnadultshouldnotbeatorcursechildrenduringtheSpringFestival,andchildrenaretoldtospeakgentlyandnottoquarrelwitheachother.Whenmeetingwithrelativesandfriends,peopleusuallygreeteachotherbysaying“Wishyouprosperity”.,TheLanternFestivalisalsoknownastheShangyuanFestival,theYuanxiFestivalortheYuanxiaoFestival.