密封焊接作业指导书（中英双语）

密封焊接密封焊接 施工作业指导书施工作业指导书 SiteSite ExecutionExecution GuidebookGuidebook 目目 录录 LIST 1 编制依据 .1 Compiling Sources 2 作业项目概况及工作量.1 Briefly Introduction to Construction Items and Working Amounts 3 作业必备条件.1 Working Necessary Terms 4 作业顺序、方法及要求.5 Working Sequence, Methodology and Requirement 5 作业过程对质量控制点的设置.9 To set up quality controlling term in process of working 6 作业结束的检查验收和应达到的质量标准.10 Inspection especially the clearing tools in terms of hammers, chisels, steel brushes should be carried. 3.5.5 各类部件联接处焊缝的接头型式和尺寸，应符合设计要求。如无规定时，应遵循能保 证焊缝质量，减少焊接应力，防止结构变形，填充金属量少，操作方便，改善劳动条件等原 则，且满足以下条件： 3.5.5 Joint type furthermore, should cater for the following terms: 3.5.5.1 焊件厚度为 4-6mm 时，可采取双面焊接，均可不开坡口，但必须留有 1.5-2mm 的对 口间隙，并使焊件对正齐平确保焊透。 3.5.5.1 Double-face groove welding can be performed when the thickness of welding parts is within 4-6mm, which can be conducted without groove. But 1.5- 2mm gap for fitting up of welding joints should remain so as to completely weld in axial direction and radial direction. 3.5.5.2 搭接焊缝，搭接部位要求接触良好、平整，搭接长度不小于 5 倍母材厚度，且不小 于 30mm。 3.5.5.2 As for overlapping welding seam, overlapping position is required to contact well and in compact status, and length of overlapping contact should not be 5 times less than the same of mother materials, that is 30mm. 3.5.5.3 角接缝（包括 T 型接缝） ，其接头处要求对严，遇有间隙时，应采取措施予以修整。 组对时边缘留有余量，其值不小于薄件厚度。 3.5.5.3 As for fillet welding seam (including T-type joint seam), joint points should be closely fitted. And rectification activities should be fulfilled when the gap appears. Edges should be given abundance when assembling, of which should not be less than the thin part. 3.5.5.4 所有焊件（焊缝尺寸高度）及接头部位应按施工图纸规定要求进行焊接。 3.5.5.4 All of the welding parts (size and height of welding seam) and joint points should be carried out welding as per details shown in the regarding schematic construction drawing. 3.5.6 焊件坡口的加工可采用机械法或气割法。如采用气割法加工时，应将割口处表面的氧 化物、毛刺等清理干净，并将凹凸不平处修理平整。 3.5.6 Machining for welding grooves of targets can be performed by means of mechanical or gas cutting. If the gas cutting were applied, oxides and burrs indicated on the surface of cutting points should be grinding off, as well as blurs should be rectified up to complete and even. 3.5.7 焊件坡口对口处表面的油、锈、垢、渣等污物应清理干净。 3.5.7 Oil, dust, scale and slag attached on the surface of groove of welding targets should be significantly removed. 3.5.8 焊缝布置要合理，组对时，相邻的纵向焊缝应互相错开。 3.5.8 Allocation of welding seam should be even, neighboring welding seams in longitudinal direction should be discharged in staggered form while assembling the same. 3.5.9 焊件组对应遵循先板片，后部件拼装成整体的原则；管形焊件应先板片拼焊，再焊卷 制接缝，后组对加强筋板，且加强筋板组对须符合设计要求。 3.5.9 Assembly of welding targets should be conformed to rule such as plate welding prior to portion splicing; pipe-type welding materials should abide by rule such as welding plates prior to roll-type seam, and last to assemble reinforced plates which should be in line with designed requirements. 3.5.10 当部件需接长或加宽时，应在组装前单独进行拼接，然后下料组装。当焊件采用圆 钢，并需加长时，其圆钢接口形式应按设计规定制作。 3.5.10 When the portion is required to lengthen or widen, individual assembly should be carried out before whole assembling, and then to blank for assembly. When the welding materials is of round steel and required to lengthen, joint shape of the same should be fabricated as per designed requirement. 3.5.11 焊件拼接组装时，应垫置平整牢固，并采取加固等相应防变形措施，防止在施焊过 程中产生位移和变形。 3.5.11 Welding materials should be fixed stably and evenly before splice d is diameter of electrode (MM); k is location factor, horizontal welding is dedicated as 1.0; Parallel welding is dedicated as 0.90.95; vertical welding is dedicated as 0.850.9; overhead welding is dedicated as 0.80.85.the status will be increased 0.10.15 when welding activities are performed in the condition of severe winter. 4.5 不得在焊件表面随意引弧、试验电流或焊接临时支撑物。 4.5 No arc striking, no testing current or no welding temporary supports should be made on the surface of welding objects. 4.6 结构组件点焊所用的焊接材料、工艺等应与正式施焊的要求相同，长焊缝的点固间距为 150300mm，点固缝长度为 3050mm。 4.6 Welding flux and technical process incorporated to spot welding of structures should be line with permanent welding specifications, and gap between two fixed points of long seams should be 150300mm while the length between two seams should be30mm50mm. 4.7 施焊时，要注意接头和收弧的质量，收弧时应将弧坑填满。每道焊缝接头应相互错开， 以防止产生层内缺陷，在每道、每层焊缝焊完后，应清渣自检，确认合格后方可进行次层焊 接。 4.7 It is to bring our notice that joint head and quality of receiving arc, such as Arc Pit should be adequately filled. Joint head of each welding seam should be staggered each other in case of inter-layer defects, and next layer welding should not be conducted until approval and self-inspection & clearance of slag are made after each layer and each seam are achieved. 4.8 多层多道焊缝施焊时，次层焊缝须将前层焊缝边缘熔合良好，采取一端对接另一端搭接 时，应先焊对接的焊缝，再焊搭接的焊缝。 4.8 Secondary-layer seam should make the edge of fore-seam adequately fusion when multi-layer and multiple passes are conducted. Meanwhile, butt welding seam should be prior to make with the following of overlapping welding seam when one edge should be overlapped with the other edge. 4.9 型钢对接施焊顺序，应以防止变形，减小应力为原则。如无加固板的焊缝，应采取双面 焊。 4.9 Butt welding sequence of shape steels should be kept one rule: in prevention of distortion and deducting stress. As for welding seam with non-reinforced plate, double-face welding should be fulfilled. 4.10 大型组件必须采取对称施焊 4.10 Large-size parts should be welded in the manner of symmetry form. 4.10.1 整体组件应采取由中间向两端施焊。 4.10.1 Whole part should be welded as sequence from medium to both sides. 4.10.2 各接点应先焊垂直和平面杆件，然后再焊斜板。 4.10.2 Each joint head should be welded to vertical and horizontal lever firstly, with the following of diagnosed plate. 4.11 遇有隐蔽的焊缝或两道工序的焊缝，必须待上道工序焊接工作结束并经检查合格后， 方可进行下道工序的焊接。 4.11 When hidden welding seams or two-pass welding seams are met, next procedures should be carried out after inspection & approval indicated from last welding procedures. 4.12 焊件或组件焊缝焊接完毕后，应清理熔渣和飞溅，认真进行检查，校对焊缝是否符合 要求。 4.12 When the welding performance for materials or assemble parts are achieved, welding spatters and slag should be removed and carefully inspected as far as welding joint seams is up to requirements. 4.13 以上工作焊接时操作焊工应注意：点焊焊缝应美观和牢固，以防止点焊部位开裂。焊 接时焊缝尺寸高度严格按图纸要求敷设，严禁出现未焊、漏焊现象。尤其灰斗、壳体、进 出喇叭口焊缝必须保证密封良好，支架、平台等结构焊缝要焊接牢固。所有焊缝焊道排列 整齐，表面不能有夹渣、缩孔、脱节现象，焊道表面成型美观。焊接时要保护阴极板不被 损伤，对于易产生焊接变形的焊缝，可采取分段跳焊、对称焊接的方法，以减少和控制焊 接变形，保证施工质量。焊接完成后，施焊焊工立即对焊缝进行清理自检，确认无缺陷后 方可检查验收。 4.13 The welders incorporated to the above welding activities should be paid more attention: spot welding seam should be nice appearance and fixture in prevention of cracking occurred on the location of spot welding. Height and size of welding seam should be strictly conformed to requirement highlighted by regarding Drawings, and non-welding and shortage-welding are strongly not allowed. Especially hoppers, casings, inlet& outlet flue & gas ducts should be made sure substantially sealing, and structure welding such as supports and platforms should be stable. All of the welding seams and passes should be made orderly without any slag, shrinkage void，disjunction on the surface as well as nice shape of welding pass. No any damage to Emitting plates should be permitted when welding is performed. Cross-section jumping weld and butt weld should be applied for potential distortion welding seams so as to decrease and control the welding distortion for insurance of execution quality. After completion of welding, correspondent welders should clear and check the welding seams immediately, and inspection & acceptance should be performed after non- defects is confirmed. 5 5. .作业过程对质量控制点的设置作业过程对质量控制点的设置 To set up quality controlling term in process of construction 是 否 unqualifi ed 清理自检 clearance and inspection 外观及渗油检验 Appearance and Kerosene Test 验收合格后进行下一道工序 Next process should be developed after Qualification of inspection 点 焊 Spot Welding 施工前准备及技术交底 Preparation and Technical Explanation before the work 按工艺施焊 as per welding technology 不合格 补焊 Remedy welding for unqualifie d 是否合格 Qualified or Unqualified 6 6. .作业结束的检查验收和应达到的质量标准作业结束的检查验收和应达到的质量标准 Inspection & acceptance after achievement and required quality standard 6.1.1 焊缝应圆滑过渡到母材，焊缝外形尺寸应符合图纸设计要求。其允许的尺寸范围如下 表： 6.1.1 Welding seam should be linkage to mother materials by nature, external size of the same should be conformed to approved Drg. And limited size scope is mentioned on the following list: 加强面高度 Height of Reinforced surface 加强面高低差 reinforced surface differ 焊缝宽度 Width of welding seam焊缝 型式 Weld ing seam shape 平 焊 Horizo ntal weldin g 其它位置 Otherwise locations 平 焊 Horizo ntal weldin g 其它位置 Otherwise locations 比坡口增 宽 Width comparison with groove 一侧增宽 Increase width status on the one side 焊脚 尺寸 差 Size differ of fillet weldin g 对接 Butt weldi ng 3423 2614- 角接 Fillet weldi ng - 23 -03 6.1.2 焊缝表面不允许有裂纹、未熔合、气孔 、夹渣及弧坑等缺陷。 6.1.2 No crack, no fusion, no air vent, no spatters and arc pit are permitted on the surface of welding seams. 6.1.3 焊缝咬边深度0.5mm，两侧咬边总长度不超过焊缝全长的 10%。 6.1.3 Undercut depth of welding seam should be 0.5mm, and total length of both sides should not be excess to the 10% out of the overall length. 6.1.4 焊缝的变形不得超过设计标准。 6.1.4 Distortion of welding seam should not be excess to designed standard. 6.2 非承重构件 Non-load Structures. 6.2.1 焊缝外形符合图纸设计规定的要求。若无规定时，其允许值应符合： 6.2.1 External shape of welding seam should abide by requirement of approved Drawings. The tolerant value should be permitted if not specified. 6.2.2.1 对接焊缝. Butt Welding Sseam a) 当焊件厚度5mm 时，焊缝高度和一侧增宽均为 12mm； a) When the thickness of welding parts is 5mm, height and one side width of the same should be 12mm evenly； b) 当焊件厚度5mm 时，焊缝高度和一侧增宽均为 1.52.5mm。 b) When the thickness of welding parts is 5mm, height and one side width of the same should be 12mm evenly 6.2.2.2 角接焊缝（包括 T 型接缝）和搭接焊缝的焊脚尺寸均不小于薄件的厚度。 6.2.2.2 Welding leg size indicated by fillet welding seam (including t-shape splicing seam) and overlapping welding seam should not be less than the same of thin parts. 6.2.3 焊缝表面不允许有裂纹、未熔合、气孔和夹渣等缺陷。 6.2.3 No crack, no fusion, no air vent and no spatters are permitted on the surface of welding seams. 6.2.4 焊缝不允许有严重的咬边、焊肉不足、严重焊瘤、漏焊和焊缝脱节等。 6.2.4 Severely undercut, shortage of welding deposit, large quantity of welding beads, loss welding and disjunction of welding seams are not strongly allowed. 6.2.5 箱形或管形焊件进行严密性试验，发现泄漏时，应及时进行处理补焊，直至符合要求 为止。 6.2.5 Sealing test should be performed to welding parts incorporated to boxing shaped or piping shaped. Timely remedial measurements such as fixing weld if leakage appears should be carried out until being up to requirements. 7.7.作业的安全要求及措施作业的安全要求及措施 SafetySafety RequirementRequirement andand ProtectiveProtective MeasuresMeasures 7.1.1 进入施工现场必须正确佩带安全帽，高空作业应系好安全带。 7.1.1 Safety helmet should be properly worn before entering the construction site as well as safety belt should be fastened on the high level. 7.1.2 每日工作应将周围环境及脚手架平台、栏杆进行检查。 7.1.2 Daily routing inspection should be performed for surrounding construction environment, scaffolding platform and handrails. 7.1.3 电焊机二次线与焊机可靠连接,地线与焊件可靠连接,防止松动产生火花.严禁用钢丝 绳等作为地线。 7.1.3 Secondary cable of welding machine should be securely linked with welding machine, which grounding cable should be connected in the high-reliability in prevention of any spark. Additional, steel wire is strictly forbidden as grounding cable. 7.1.4 焊工施焊时应穿干燥工作服、绝缘鞋，防止触电。 7.1.4 Dry uniform, insulation boots should be worn by welders in prevention of potential electric shock. 7.1.5 严禁两人站在同一个梯子上工作，梯子的最高两档不得站人。 7.1.5 No two people are allowed to stand on one ladder for working. And nobody is permitted to stand on the highest two rungs. 7.1.6 遇有六级或六级以上大风或恶劣气候时，应停止露天高处作业；在霜冻或雨雪天气进 行露天高处作业时，应采取防滑措施。 7.1.6 High level construction in the open yard should be stopped immediately when Six Wind or Above Six Wind and other severe weather are coming. Furthermore, slide-proof measures should be taken in the weather condition of frost and snow- rain for convenience of high-level open construction. 7.1.7 每日工作要切实做好防止触电事故的发生。 7.1.7 Precau