现在完成时态的用法

现在完成时态是中考的必考时态，由于现在完成时态既涉及到过去，又联系到现在，和一般过去时态，一般现在时态，现在进行时态既有联系，又有区别，所以同学们掌握起来比较困难。现把这种时态的用法简单的总结一下，和各位老师共同切磋。,完成时态的用法,1.现在完成时态表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果Ourteacherhasleft.WehavestudiedEnglish.Ihavealreadyfinishedthehomework.Hehashadhislunch.Hehasbecomeadoctor.,构成,have/has+过去分词,2.某个动作从过去已经开始,一直持续到现在,还有可能持续到将来.动作的持续性要通过一段时间来表示.,一段时间的表达方法有两种:for:+一段时间forayearfortwoweeksforthreeyears,Since过去的某一时刻,sinceninesincelastweek一般过去时态的时间状语从句sinceyoucamesinceyougothome.,注意:for和since所引导的时间状语都表示一段时间.,Hehasbeenawaysincelastweek.,Hehasbeenawayforoneweek.,对划线部分提问都用Howlong,结束性动词不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用,但是他可以转换成相应的延续性动词.,1.直接用延续性动词buycatch(get)acoldborrowCome/go/becomeputon-,2.转换成be+名词jointhearmyJointhePartygotoschool,Have,haveacold,keep,be,wear,beasoldier,beaPartymember,beastudent,3转换成be+形容词或副词diefinishbeginleavebeawayfallsleepbeasleepclosebeclosed,4.转换成be+介词短语gotoschoolbeinschooljointhearmybeinthearmy,1.我们买这本书三年了.,Wehavehadthebookforthreeyears.,2.他感冒三天了.,Hehashadacoldforthreedays.,Weboughtthebookthreeyearsago.,Hecaughtacoldthreedaysago.,一般过去时态和现在完成时态可以构成同意句,bedead,beover,beon,3.自从上星期我借的这本书,Ihavekeptthebooksincelastweek.,4.我成为一个学生两年多了.,Ihavebeenastudentforovertwoyears.,Iborrowedthebooklastweek.,Ibecameastudenttwoyearsago.,5.MrBlack死了三年了。,MrBlackhasbeendeadforthreeyears.,MrBlackdiedthreeyearsago.,6.小名参军半年了。,XiaoMinghasbeenasoldierforhalfayear.,XiaoMingjoinedthearmyhalfayearago.,7.我们上了8年学了。,Wehavebeenstudentsforeightyears.,8.下课10分钟了,Theclasshasbeenoverfortenminutes.,9.电影开始了一小时了,Thefilmhasbeenonforanhour.,注：含延续性动词的现在完成时的同义句转换。Shehasworkedfortenyears.,Shebegantoworktenyearsago,Shehasworkedsincetenyearsago.,Itistenyearssinceshebegantowork,Tenyearshaspassedsinceshebegantowork,Exercises,Youveneverseensuchawonderfulfilmbefore,_?AhaventyouBhaveyouCdoyouDdontyou2.-AnnhasgonetoShanghai.-So_herparents.3.Ihavewatchedthegame.-When_you_it?AhavewatchedBdowatchCdidwatchDwillwatch,B,have,C,4.Mr.Green_inChinasincefiveyearsago.AlivedBhaslivedClivesDisgoingtolive5.Hisgrandma_fortwoyears.AdiedBhasbeendeadCwasdeadDhasdied,6.WhereisHanMeinow?-She_toShanghai.Shewillbebackintwodays.AhasgoneBhasbeenCgoesDhadgone7.-_totheUnitedStated?-No,never,butIwenttoCanadaafewyearsago,8.Youhaventchangedyourmind,_?AdoyouBareyouChaveyouDdidyou,B,B,A,(Haveyoubeen),C,9.Howlonghaveyou_thefootballteamoftheschool?AbeenonBbeenatCjoinedDplayed10.-Wherehaveyou_thesedays?-Ihave_toDazhuwithmyfriends.Abeen,goneBbeen,beenCgone,beenDgone,gone11.Howlonghaveyou_thisbook?AboughtBborrowedChadDlent12.Excuseme,_youseenthefilmye