独立主格和非谓语动词的分析法

独立主格和非谓语动词的分析法,独立主格,1)定义：当分词的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致时，分词可以在自己的前面带上逻辑主语，这种带主语的分词被称为独立主格。,2)构成：A.名词/代词+分词（形容词，副词，不定式，介词短语)eg.Ourworkhavingbeenfinished,wewenthome.Hecameintotheroom,hisearsredwithcold.Themeetingbeingover,everyonetriedtogohomeearlier.Alotofworktodo,hecantgototheparty.Hecameoutofthelibrary,alargebookunderhisarm.,B.Therebe句型变成therebeingeg.Therebeingnobuses,theywalkedtothetheatre.C.在独立主格结构中，逻辑主语为名词时，being可省略。eg.Themeeting(being)over,hewenthome.,3)有了分词作状语时，句中就不能用并列连词and,butetc.Havingbeenwarnedformanytimes,butDavidoftendrivesafterdrinking.,4）注意：A.独立主格结构中，当介词是in时，其前后的两个名词均不加任何成分（如物主代词或冠词），也不用复数。但with的复合结构不受此限制。Eg.Arobberburstintotheroom,knifeinhand/withaknifeinhishand.,B.当表示人体部位的词作逻辑主语时，及物动词用现在分词，不及物动词用过去分词。,Eg.Helaythere,histeeth_(set),hishand_(clench),andhiseyes_(look)straightup.,set,clenched,looking,如何判断非谓语的种类,四步分析法,.分析句子结构,1._manytimes,buthestillcouldntunderstandit.2._manytimes,hestillcouldntunderstandit.A.HavingbeentoldB.ToldC.HewastoldD.Thoughhehadbeentold,C,A,3._totheleft,youllfindthepostoffice.4.Ifyou_totheleft,youllfindthepostoffice.5._totheleft,andyoullfindthepostoffice.A.TurningB.ToturnC.TurnD.Turned,A,C,C,.分析逻辑主语,1._nobuses,wehavetowalkhome.2._SundayIshallhaveaquetdayathome.A.TherebeingB.ItwereC.TherewereD.Itbeing,A,D,.分析语态,1._fromspace,theearthlooksblue.2._fromspace,wecanseetheearthisblue.A.SeenB.SeeingC.ToseeD.See,A,B,3.Thedirtyclothes_,thegirlhungthemupoutside.4._thedirtyclothes,thegirlhungthemupoutside.A.waswashedB.washedC.werewashedD.havingwashed,B,D,.分析时态,Thebuilding_nowwillbearestaurant.thebuilding_nextyearwillbearestaurant.Thebuilding_lastyearisarestaurant.A.havingbeenbuiltB.tobebuiltC.beingbuiltD.built,C,B,D,4.Hestoodth