物流英语(上)

物流英语（上）,主编：王艳制作：李晓新2008年3月,物流英语,Unit1IntroductiontoLogisticsUnit2CustomerServiceUnit3WarehousingUnit4TransportationandDistributionUnit5PackagingUnit6InternationalLogisticsUnit7Purchasing,物流英语,Unit8theThirdPartyLogisticsUnit9SupplyChainManagementUnit10LogisticsInformationManagement,Unit1IntroductiontoLogistics,Text1WhatisLogisticsDialogue1IntroductiontoLogisticsCompanyText2ActivitiesinLogisticsSystemDialogue2VisitingaLogisticsCompany,Text1WhatisLogistics,【Para1】TheDefinitionofLogistics（物流的概念）Therearevariousdefinitionsofdifferentedition.Butingeneral,therearemainlytwotypesofdefinitioninpractice.,Text1WhatisLogistics,InChineseLogisticsTerms,logisticsmeansthepgysicalmovementofgoodsfromthesupplierpointtothereceivepoint.Basedonpracticalneed,integratedorganicallythevarietyofthebasicfunctionalactivitiesincludingtransportation,storage,loadingandunloading,handling,package,distributionandinformationmanagement,etc.,Text1WhatisLogistics,TheCouncilofLogisticsManagementhasadoptedthisdefinitionoflogistics：Logisticsisthatpartofthesupplychainprocessthatplans,implements,andcontrolstheefficient,effectiveflowandstorageofgoods,services,andrelatedinformationfromthepointoforigintothepointofconsumptioninordertomeetcustomersrequirement.,Text1WhatisLogistics,【Para2】TheimportanceofLogistics（物流的重要性）Sincethebeginningofhumancivilization,therehasbeenthe“move”ofthegoods,soweshouldsay,“logisticsisanythingbutanewbornbaby.”However,whenitcomestomodernlogistics,mostprofessionalsinthebusinessconsideritoneofthemostcompetitiveandexcitingjobs,invisibleasitis.“Logisticsisauniqueglobalpipelinethatoperates24hoursaday,sevendaysaweekand52weeksayear,planningandcoordinatingthetransportanddeliveryofproductsandservicetocustomerstheworldover.”,Text1WhatisLogistics,【Para4】DevelopmentofLogisticsManagement（物流管理的发展）Logisticsmanagementhasevolvedoverthelastthreedecadesfromthenarrowlydefineddistributionmanagementtotheintegratedmanagementandtotheglobalsupplychains.Themissionoflogisticsmanagementistoplanandcoordinateallactivitiestoachievedesiredlevelsofdeliveredserviceandqualityathelowestpossiblecost.Inordertosucceedintodaysglobalmarketplace,companiesmustbeevercognizantofthesetrendsanddevelopalogisticsmanagementstrategythatcapitalizesonthebest-of-breedtechnologysolutionavailabletoday,sothattheycanmeetthedemandsoftheircustomerstodayandbewellpreparedforthefuture.,Text1WhatisLogistics,NewWordsandPhraseslogisticsn.后勤学，物流definitionn.定义，概念implementv.履行，推进civilizationn.文明professionaln.专家，专业人员pipelinen.管道,Text1WhatisLogistics,acquisitionn.获得manufacturen./v.加工，制造storagen.储存，仓储distributionn.配送maintenancen.维持dispositionn.配置constructionn.建设，构成provisionn.供应，提供volatileadj.多变的,Text1WhatisLogistics,criticaladj.关键性的，决定性的budgetn.预算evolvev.演变，发展integratev.整合，综合cognizantadj.知道的，认识的capitalizev.变成资本，作资本用,Text1WhatisLogistics,Notes1Therearevariousdefinitionsofdifferentedition.物流的定义有很多版本。,Text1WhatisLogistics,2InChineseLogisticsTerms,logisticsmeansthepgysicalmovementofgoodsfromthesupplierpointtothereceivepoint.Basedonpracticalneed,integratedorganicallythevarietyofthebasicfunctionalactivitiesincludingtransportation,storage,loadingandunloading,handling,package,distributionandinformationmanagement,etc.国家标准物流术语中，物流定义为物品从供应地向接受地的实体流动过程，根据实际需要，将运输、储存、装卸、包装、配送、信息处理等基本功能实现有机结合。,Text1WhatisLogistics,3TheCouncilofLogisticsManagementhasadoptedthisdefinitionoflogistics：Logisticsisthatpartofthesupplychainprocessthatplans,implements,andcontrolstheefficient,effectiveflowandstorageofgoods,services,andrelatedinformationfromthepointoforigintothepointofconsumptioninordertomeetcustomersrequirement.美国物流管理协会修订了物流的定义：物流是供应链过程中的一部分，是以满足客户需要为目的的，为提高产品、服务和相关信息从起始点到消费点的流动储存效率和效益而对齐进行计划、执行和控制的过程。,Text1WhatisLogistics,4However,whenitcomestomodernlogistics,mostprofessionalsinthebusinessconsideritoneofthemostcompetitiveandexcitingjobs,invisibleasitis.说到现代物流，业内专家认为，尽管看不见摸不着，却是最富有挑战性和最激动人心的工作。,Text1WhatisLogistics,5Thisimpliesthatmanagementmustfirstunderstandwhatthoserequirementsarebeforealogisticsstrategycanbedevelopedandimplementedtomeetthem.这意味着在开发和推进客户满意的物流战略前，必须首先切实理解他们的需求。,Text1WhatisLogistics,6Inpractice,logisticsreferstothesystematicmanagementofthevariousactivitiesrequiredfromthepointofproductiontothecustomer.实际上，物流是指从生产地点到客户所需各种活动的系统管理。,Text1WhatisLogistics,7Gettingtherightamountofgoodstotherightplaceattherighttimeiscritical,especiallyinanagewhenbudgetsaretightandcustomersdemandsareunpredictable.尤其是资金预算紧张和客户需求无法预测时，在正确的地点和时间得到正确数量的货物才显得颇为关键。,Text1WhatisLogistics,8Logisticsmanagementhasevolvedoverthelastthreedecadesfromthenarrowlydefineddistributionmanagementtotheintegratedmanagementandtotheglobalsupplychains.物流管理在最近30年中从狭义的配送管理至一体化管理，最后发展为全球供应链管理。,Text1WhatisLogistics,9Inordertosucceedintodaysglobalmarketplace,companiesmustbeevercognizantofthesetrendsanddevelopalogisticsmanagementstrategythatcapitalizesonthebest-of-breedtechnologysolutionavailabletoday,sothattheycanmeetthedemandsoftheircustomerstodayandbewellpreparedforthefuture.为了赢得全球市场，在现有的资金和技术条件下，公司必须清楚地知道自己的发展意向以及相关的物流战略，以便于公司能够满足客户需求并为未来的发展做好充足的准备。,Text1WhatisLogistics,ExercisesPairwork：talkingfacetoface,andthinkitover,discussthefollowingquestions.1Whatislogistics?2Whyislogisticssoimportant?3Islogisticssomethingnew?Why?4Whatisthelogisticsmainfunction?5Howdoyouunderstandthedevelopmentoflogisticsmanagement?,Text1WhatisLogistics,Fillintheblankswiththefollowingwords.1Theaimof_managementistominimizetheamountofmaterialinstock.2_isahottopicinChinaandthewholeworld.,routelocationmovementoriginateimportanceinventorypurchaseflowstoragelogistics,Text1WhatisLogistics,3Iftheshiphadsailedalongtherecommended_,itwouldhavebeenabletoavoidtheheavyweather.4Peoplegenerallyconsiderlogisticsasthe_ofgoods,itispartlyright,butlogisticsismuchmorethanthat.5Logisticsinvolvesthe_ofgoods,butalsoofpeople,aswellashousingandfeedingthem.,Text1WhatisLogistics,6Theforeigncompanyhasto_500teuofgarmentsfromChinaeveryyear.7Themeaningoftheword“logistics”firstly_fromthemilitary.8The_expenseswillbeforyouraccountifyouplaceanorderof100,000tonsofrollsteelatatime.Myworkshopusestentonsamonth.,Text1WhatisLogistics,9Withthedevelopmentofmoderneconomy,peoplebecomemoreandmoreawareofthe_oflogistics.10Whetherfacilitiesareownedorrented,the_ofwarehousesisextremelyimportant.,Text1WhatisLogistics,TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.1ModernLogisticsisoneofthemostchallengingandexcitingjobsintheworld.2Everycompanythatsellsproductshastoneedtheserviceoflogistics.3Manyexpertsholdtheopinionthatlogisticsisaniceberg,onlythetopofwhichisseen,whatisunseenismuchbigger.,Text1WhatisLogistics,4Aslogisticsmanagersrolesandvaluehavegrown,theneedforwell-educated,talentedprofessionalswithadiversearrayofskillshasemerged.5Logisticsisauniqueglobal“pipeline”thatoperates24hoursaday,planningandcoordinatingthetransportofproductstocustomerstheworldover.,Text1WhatisLogistics,TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.1请为我们介绍一下当前中国的物流现状。2物流活动是供应链的构成部分。3在工业生产中，物流成为快速增长的利润源。4发达国家的物流成本占国民生产总值的10%左右。5物流活动的顺畅运转对于2008年北京奥运会有巨大的影响。,Dialogue1IntroductiontoLogisticsCompany,（LiJian,thesalesrepresentativeofZhongjiShippingcompany,istalkingwithErik,Apotentialcustomer.）Li：Welcometoourcompany,Mr.Erik.Nicetomeetyou.Erik：Metoo.Li：Mr.Erik,mynameisLiJian.Hereismycard.Imwillingtointroducemycompany.Erik：Thankyouforalotofcare.,Dialogue1IntroductiontoLogisticsCompany,Li：Ourbusinesscoversimportandexportcontainertransportationandagency,doortodoorpickupanddelivery,customsclearance,warehousingandconsolidation.Erik：Isee.Li：ZhongjihasbecomeoneofthemarketleadersinChinasfreightforwardingandlogisticsindustrytoday.,Dialogue1IntroductiontoLogisticsCompany,Erik：Uh-huh.Li：WehavehelpedFordtosubstantiallyreducelogisticscosts.Erik：Pleaseexplainindetail.,Dialogue1IntroductiontoLogisticsCompany,Li：Ofcourse,thatwasoneofthebestresultsachievedinthebeginningofthe2000s.Erik：Oneofthebestresults?Inwhatway?Li：Weimprovedtheirmanagementbyoptimizingtheirplansofdemonstrationbeforeplungingintoaction.Asaresult,theoverallutilizationwasraisedconsiderably.Erik：Itsamazing.,Dialogue1IntroductiontoLogisticsCompany,Li：Ifyouareconcernedaboutlogisticsquestions,youcanaskanyone.Wehaveareputationfortopservice.Erik：Ihopeso.Li：Ifyouhaveamoment,Imhopingtovisityou.Erik：Well,youarewelcome,Idliketohearyoursuggestion.,Dialogue1IntroductiontoLogisticsCompany,NewWordsandPhrasescontainern.集装箱transportationn.运输warehousev.仓储，储存consolidationn.集货，配货freightn.运输，运费forwardv.发送，递送,Dialogue1IntroductiontoLogisticsCompany,optimizev.优化，充分利用demonstrationn.运营utilizationn.利用pickupanddelivery货物交接customsclearance通关，清关plungeintoaction把投入,Dialogue1IntroductiontoLogisticsCompany,Notes1Ourbusinesscoversimportandexportcontainertransportationandagency,doortodoorpickupanddelivery,warehousingandconsolidation.我们公司业务涵盖了集装箱进出口运输和代理，门到门交接货物，仓储和配货。,Dialogue1IntroductiontoLogisticsCompany,2Weimprovedtheirmanagementbyoptimizingtheirplansofdemonstrationbeforeplungingintoaction.Asaresult,theoverallutilizationwasraisedconsiderably.我们在运营计划投入前对其进行优化，从而提高了管理水平，全面的利用率得以大幅度提升。,Dialogue1IntroductiontoLogisticsCompany,ExercisesOralPractice:practicetheabovedialoguewithyourpartneruntilyoucanlearnthelinesbyheart.,Dialogue1IntroductiontoLogisticsCompany,Teamwork:makeupadialogueaccordingtothefollowingsituationandpracticeitwithyourpartner.Situation：Garyisaclerkofalogisticscompany.NowheisintroducingthecompanytoJack,whopayavisittothecompany.,Dialogue1IntroductiontoLogisticsCompany,Tips：1.Excuse2.Nicetomeetyou.3.Itsverykindofyouto4.Ourbusinesscovers5.Ourcompanyprovideslogisticsservicessuchas6.Ivecomeheretodayseewhetheryouhaveinterestinourservice.7.Ifyouhaveanyquestions,pleasefeelfreetocontactmeanytime.8.Imlookingforwardtoournextmeeting.,Dialogue1IntroductiontoLogisticsCompany,Writeane-mailtoyourcustomer,tellingthempolitelyandpatientlylikethat:Contents：1.为有合作意向的客户介绍你的公司及主营业务。2.附上公司的详细资料。3.洽谈初步的合作意向。,Dialogue1IntroductiontoLogisticsCompany,Fillintheblankswiththewordsinthefollowingbox.（Mr.Zhang,arepresentativeofBeijingTextilesProductsCorporation,iscomingtoalogisticscompany.HeistalkingtoMissWang,thesecretary）,managerdealwithestablishluggagehonestlyrepresentativecorporationagoodidea,Dialogue1IntroductiontoLogisticsCompany,Wang：Hello!Zhang：Hello!Wang：WhatcanIdoforyou?Iamsecretary.Zhang：Yes.Gladtomeetyou.Iamthe_ofBeijingTextilesProducts_.Wang：Pleasehaveaseat,andwhatwouldyouliketodrink,coffeeortea?Zhang：Thanks,coffeeplease,andlittlesugar.,Dialogue1IntroductiontoLogisticsCompany,Wang：Ok,justaminute.Zhang：AsarepresentativeofBeijingTextilesProductsCorporation,I_hopeto_businessrelationwithyou.Wang：Wealsohopeto_you.Butour_isnotinatthemoment.Hewillbebackinanhour,andwouldyoupleasewaitforhimforawhile.Imverysorry.Zhang：Itdoesntmatter.,Dialogue1IntroductiontoLogisticsCompany,Wang：ButifyoudontmindIcantakeyoutoourrestroomandputyour_.Zhang：Thats_.Wang：Thiswayplease.,Text2ActivitiesinLogisticsSystem,Alogisticssystemcanbemadeupofmanydifferentfunctionalactivities,someofwhicharedescribedbrieflybelow.【Para1】Customerservice（客户服务）Inabroadsense,customerserviceistheoutputoftheentirelogisticssystem.Itinvolvesmakingsurethattherightpersonreceivetherightproductwiththerightquantityattherightplaceattherighttimeintherightconditionattherightcost.Atpresent,manylogisticscompanymayhaveacustomerservicedepartmentthathandlecomplaints,specialorders,damageclaims,returns,billingproblems,etc.,Text2ActivitiesinLogisticsSystem,【Para2】Demandforecasting（需求预测）Demandforecastingestimatetheneedforpreciseamountofproductandservicethatcustomerswillrequireinthefuture.Thelogisticssystemcanensuretherightproductsorservicesareavailabletomeetthoserequirements.Itinvolvesinforecastinghowmuchshouldbeorderedfromitssuppliers,andhowmuchoffinishedproductsshouldbetransportedineachmarket.,Text2ActivitiesinLogisticsSystem,【Para3】Transportation（运输）Transportationreferstothephysicalmovementofgoodsfromonepointtoanotherpoint.Itincludesspecificactivitiessuchasselectingthetransportmode,choosingtheparticularroute,selectingtherightcarrier,complyingwithvariouslocaltransportationregulations.Transportationisusuallythemostcostlylogisticsactivity.Itmayaccountfor40%-60%ofacompanystotallogisticscost.,Text2ActivitiesinLogisticsSystem,【Para4】Warehousing（仓储）Warehousingisanintegralpartofeverylogisticssystem.Itplaysanimportantroleinprovidingadesiredlevelofcustomerserviceatthelowestpossibletotalcost.Itreferstoplaceswheregoodscanbestoredforaparticularperiodoftime.Generally,thegreaterthetimelagsbetweenproductionandconsumption,thelargerthelevelofwarehousingrequired.,Text2ActivitiesinLogisticsSystem,【Para5】Inventorymanagement（库存管理）Inventorymanagementdealswithbalancingthecostofmaintainingadditionalproductsonhandagainsttheriskofnothavingthoseitemswhenthecustomerwantsthem.Thistaskhasbecomemorecomplexasfirmshavegraduallyloweredinventorylevels.,Text2ActivitiesinLogisticsSystem,【Para6】Packaging（包装）Industrialpackagingfocusesonprotectingtheproductwhileitisbeingtransportedandstored.Itconveysimportantinformationtoinformthecustomerandprovideprotectionduringstorageandtransport.Inamarketingsense,thepackageactsasaformofpromotionoradvertising.Itssize,weight,color,andprintedinformationattractcustomersandconveyknowledgeabouttheproduct.,Text2ActivitiesinLogisticsSystem,【Para7】Procurement（采购）Procurementisthepurchaseofmaterialsandservicesfromoutsidetosupportthefirmsoperationsfromproductiontomarketing,salesandlogistics.Itincludestheselectionofsupplysourcelocation,timingofpurchases,pricedetermination,qualitycontrolandmanyotherfacets.,Text2ActivitiesinLogisticsSystem,【Para8】Materialhandling（物资搬运）Materialhandlingisabroadsenseconcerningallshort-distancemovementsofrawmaterials,workinprocess,orfinishedgoodswithinafactoryorwarehouse.Asmaterialshandlingtendstoaddcostsratherthanvaluetologisticssystems,managerstendstominimizethenumberofhandlingwheneverpossible.,Text2ActivitiesinLogisticsSystem,【Para9】Informationmanagement（信息管理）Informationlinksallareasofthelogisticssystemtogether.Informationprocessingisbecomingincreasinglyautomated,complex,andrapid.Itiscriticaltotheefficientfunctioningofsystem.,Text2ActivitiesinLogisticsSystem,【Para10】Otherlogisticsactivities（其他物流活动）Otheractivitiessuchaswastedisposal,returngoodshandling,etc.arealsoimportant.Logisticsmanagershavetoconsiderthesocialcostsassociatedwithwastedisposal.Thehandlingofreturnedgoods,oftenreferredtoasreversedistribution,isanimportantpartofthelogisticsprocess.,Text2ActivitiesinLogisticsSystem,NewWordsandPhrasesfunctionaladj.功能上的，职责上的outputn.产量，产品complaintn.抱怨，投诉damagen./v.损失，损坏claimn./v.要求，索赔requirementn.需求，要求,Text2ActivitiesinLogisticsSystem,transportn./v.运输transportationn.运输regulationn.管制，规则integraladj.完整的warehousen./v.储存，仓库inventoryn.库存，存货maintainv.维持，保持conveyv.传送，传递,Text2ActivitiesinLogisticsSystem,promotionn.促进，提升，促销procurementn.采购，获得purchasen./v.采购facetn.（事情之）一面reverseadj.相反的,逆向的rawmaterial原材料workinprocess半成品，在加工产品finishedgoods成品wastedisposal废弃物处理,Text2ActivitiesinLogisticsSystem,Notes1Inabroadsense,customerserviceistheoutputoftheentirelogisticssystem.总的来说，客户服务是整个物流系统的主要产出。,Text2ActivitiesinLogisticsSystem,2Itinvolvesmakingsurethattherightpersonreceivetherightproductwiththerightquantityattherightplaceattherighttimeintherightconditionattherightcost.客户服务就是要以恰当的成本使恰当的客户在恰当的时间，恰当的地点以恰当的状况和恰当的价格收到恰当的产品。（这7个“right”就是物流服务的核心理念）,Text2ActivitiesinLogisticsSystem,3Demandforecastingestimatetheneedforpreciseamountofproductandservicethatcustomerswillrequireinthefuture.需求预测就是估计客户将来对产品和服务的准确需求数量。,Text2ActivitiesinLogisticsSystem,4Transportationreferstothephysicalmovementofgoodsfromonepointtoanotherpoint.Itincludesspecificactivitiessuchasselectingthetransportmode,choosingtheparticularroute,selectingtherightcarrier,complyingwithvariouslocaltransportationregulations.运输是指货物在不同地点之间的物理性移动。它包括选择运输方式、具体路线、恰当的承运人以及遵守各种运输法规等具体活动。,Text2ActivitiesinLogisticsSystem,5Itplaysanimportantroleinprovidingadesiredlevelofcustomerserviceatthelowestpossibletotalcost.仓储在以最低的可能成本提供相对满意的客户服务水平方面占据着重要的地位。,Text2ActivitiesinLogisticsSystem,6Generally,thegreaterthetimelagsbetweenproductionandconsumption,thelargerthelevelofwarehousingrequired.一般来讲，生产与消费间隔的时间越长，所需求的库存量越大。,Text2ActivitiesinLogisticsSystem,7Inventorymanagementdealswithbalancingthecostofmaintainingadditionalproductsonhandagainsttheriskofnothavingthoseitemswhenthecustomerwantsthem.库存管理平衡库存持有成本和销售损失成本。,Text2ActivitiesinLogisticsSystem,8Procurementisthepurchaseofmaterialsandservicesfromoutsidetosupportthefirmsoperationsfromproductiontomarketing,salesandlogistics.采购是指从企业外部进行原材料和服务的购买，以保证公司生产、销售、物流的正常运转。,Text2ActivitiesinLogisticsSystem,9Materialhandlingisabroadsenseconcerningallshort-distancemovementsofrawmaterials,workinprocess,orfinishedgoodswithinafactoryorwarehouse.Asmaterialshandlingtendstoaddcostsratherthanvaluetologisticssystems,managerstendstominimizethenumberofhandlingwheneverpossible.广泛意义上讲，物资搬运是指在工厂或仓库内的原材料，半成品或成品的短距离移动。其在物流系统中只能增加成本而不能创造价值，所以经理们尽可能将搬运的数量降到最低。,Text2ActivitiesinLogisticsSystem,10Thehandlingofreturnedgoods,oftenreferredtoasreversedistribution,isanimportantpartofthelogisticsprocess.对退回货物的物流处理，通常被称作逆向物流，是物流流程的重要组成部分。,Text2ActivitiesinLogisticsSystem,ExercisesTeamwork：talkingfacetoface,andthinkitover,discussthefollowingquestions.1Whataretheactivitiesinthelogisticssystem?2Whyiscustomerservicesoimportantinthelogisticssystem?3Whyistransportationthemostcostlylogisticsactivityinthetotallogisticscosts?,Text2ActivitiesinLogisticsSystem,4Whatismaindifferencebetweenwarehousingandinventorymanagement?5Informationmanagementisofgreatimportanceinmodernlogistics,isntit?Why?6Whatisreverselogistics?,Text2ActivitiesinLogisticsSystem,Fillintheblankswiththefollowingwords.1Transportcanbedonebysea,air,_,railandpipe.2Mr.Wangisaninventory_inabondedwarehouse（保税仓库）inCapitalAirport.,sourceactivitysuccesscostprocurementanalysismanagerbusinessalikeland,Text2ActivitiesinLogisticsSystem,3Logisticsmanagerspaymoreattentiontoinventoryatpresent,becauseinventorymanagementcaneffectivelyredu