英语语法：过去分词的用法.ppt

,过去分词”用法,过去分词作表语，主要表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态,Donttouchtheglassbecauseitisbroken.,不要碰那个杯子，它是坏的。,Heisquitepleasedwiththedesignofthedress.,她很喜欢那礼服的式样。,过去分词做定语,单个的过去分词作定语一般放在名词的前面，相当于一个定语从句。,Theexcitedpeoplerushedintothebuilding.,Weneedmorequalifiedteachers.,过去分词短语作定语通常放在被修饰的词后面，相当于一个定语从句。,Thesuggestionmadebytheforeignexpertwasadoptedbythemanager.,外国专家提出来的建议被经理采纳了。,过去分词作定语也可用作非限制性定语，前后用逗号隔开。,Thebooks,writtenbyLuXun,arepopularwithmanyChinesepeople.这些书是鲁迅写的，受到了许多中国人民的喜爱。,Themeeting,attendedbyonethousandstudents,wasasuccess.,这次会议获得很大的成功，共有一千个学生出席了。,过去分词做状语,表时间，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时过去分词前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念,Seenfromthetopofthehill,thecitylookedlikeabiggarden.从山顶上看，这个城市就像一个大花园。,AcceptedbytheParty,hedecidedtodevotehislifetothecauseoftheParty.,入党以后，他决定献身于党的事业。,表原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。,Encouragedbythespeech,theyoungpeoplemadeUptheirmindstotakeupthestruggle.,受到了讲演的鼓舞，年轻人决定起来从事斗争。,表条件，相当于一个条件状语从句，有时过去分词前可用if等词。,Givenanotherchance,hewilldobetter.,再给他一次机会，他会做得更好。,表让步，相当于一个though/although引导的让步状语从句。,Laughedatbymanypeople,hecontinuedhisstudy.,尽管被许多人嘲笑，他还是继续他的研究。,过去分词作补足语,过去分词可以在see,hear,notice,watch,find,get,have,feel,make,leave,keep等词后与一名词或代词构成复合宾语，用作宾语补语。,Whenwillyougotothehospitalandhaveyourtoothexamined?,Whenyouaremakingaspeech,youshouldspeakloudertomakeyourselfheard.,当你在作报告时，你应该讲响一点使自己被人听清。,动词have后所接的三种宾语补语,havesomebody/somethingdosomething不定式作补语必须省去to,不定式动作由宾语发出，表示一次性的动作。,Ihadtheworkersdothejobforme.,我让工人们替我完成了工作。,Jimoftenhashisfatherhelphimwithhishomework.,吉姆经常让他的父亲帮助做家庭作业。,havesomebody/somethingdoingsomething-ing分词作补语，分词动作也由宾语发出，强调动作的延续或正在进行。,Theyhadthetractorworkingallthetime.,他们让拖拉机一直工作着。,Wewonthavethechildtalkingtohismotherlikethat.,我们不能让那个孩子那样对他的妈妈说话。,havesomebody/somethingdone过去分词作补语，宾语和补足语之间有逻辑上的被动关系，通常有两种情况,主语让别人做某事，强调主语的意志,Hehadhishaircutyesterday.他昨天理发了。,主语遭到某种不幸或陷入恶劣的环境，说明宾语的一种无意识的被动行为。,Hehadhislegbrokeninthematchlastmonth.他在上星期的比赛中摔断了腿。,非谓语动词的被动式作定语的三种形式：thebridgetobebuilt将要建造的桥（表示将来的动作）thebridgebeingbuilt正在建造的桥（表示正在进行的动作）thebridgebuilt造好的桥（表示完成的动作）,过去分词作表语通常表示主语所处的状态或感受，而-ing分词作表语多表示主语所具有的特征,Hearingthenews,wefeltverysurprised.听到那个消息，我们感到很惊讶Thenewsisverysurprising.这个消息很令人惊讶。,过去分词和ing分词作定语的区别,过去分词作定语通常表示完成的或被动的动作；而-ing分词作定语可以表示正在进行的主动的动作。,boiledwater开水boilingwater正沸腾的水developedcountries发展的国家developingcountries发展中国家fallenleaves落叶fallingleaves正在飘落的叶子changedcondition改变了的情况changingcondition变化着的情况,Imgoingtohavemycar_.A.tobefixedB.tofixC.fixedD.tofix,Whatsthelanguage_inGermany?A.speakingB.spokenC.bespokenD.tospeak,_someofficials,Napoleoninspectedhisarmy.A.FollowedB.FollowedbyC.BeingfollowedD.havingbeenfollowedby,Hehadhisleg_inthematchyesterday.A.tobreakB.brokenC.breakD.breaking,Mostofthepeople_tothepartywerefamousscientists.A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.inviting,C,B,B,B,A,_moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.A.GivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Havinggiven,Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands_behindhisback.A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiedD.tied,Thecomputercenter,_lastyear,isverypopularamongthestudentsinthisschool.A.openB.openingC.havingopenedD.opened,_inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.A.LosingB.HavinglostC.LostD.Tolose,A,D,D,C,TheOlympicGames,_in776BC,didntincludewomenplayersuntil1912.firstplayedB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayingD.tobefirstplayed,Dontget_intherain.A.tobecaughtB.catchingC.tocatchD.caught,Ifoundacar_inapoolbythesideoftheroad.A.tobestuckB.stuckC.stickingD.stick,-Bytheway,whendidyougetyourbedroom_?-Lastweek.A.topaintB.paintedC.paintingD.tobepainted,A,D,B,B,Thechildrenwerefound_inthecave.A.trappingB.trappedC.tobetrappedD.betrapped,Theyfounda_oldwoman_onthegroundwhenthedoorwasbrokendown.A.dying,lyingB.dead,liedC.death,layingD.died,lain,Ona_morningthelittlegirlwasfound_atthecornerofthestreet.A.freezing,freezingB.freezing,frozenC.frozen,frozenD.frozen,freezing,Nooneenjoys_funofinpublic.A.makingB.beingmadeC.tobemadeD.tomake,B,A,B,B,BeforehecametoLondon,hehadneverheardasingleEnglishword_.A.speakingB.spokenC.tobespokenD.speak,_fromspace,theearth,w