牛津译林七年级语法总结

7A语法总结1、 一般现在时第一，动词be 的三变化 am is are. 我（I） 用am ,你（you）用are ,is 用于他(he)她(she)它(it)，单数名词用is,复数名词都用are句型结构：1、 肯定句：主语+amisare It is a football.2、 否定句：主语+amisare+not It is not a football.3、 一般疑问句：AmIsAre+主语+其他？Is it a football? 回答 Yes, it is. No, it isnt4、 特殊疑问句：疑问句+am/is/are +主语+其他？Whats your name?用be 动词的适当形式填空1、She _ my cousin. Her name _ Li Jie.2、Tom and I _ good friends3、What _ this in English？ It _ a book 4、_ you Jack? Yes, I _ 5、What _ those? They _ his notebooks.第二，行为动词的一般现在时行为动词的一般现在时的构成：主语+行为动词+（其他）当主语为第三人称单数（he, she, it） 时，谓语动词也要用单数形式。用好一般现在时，时间状态需牢记;主语人称是三单，动词要把-s/-es 添；基本用法要记清，状态习惯经常性。行为动词的一般现在时的变化1. 否定句：主语+ dont/doesnt + 动词原形+其他I dont like bread.He doesnt often play football.2. 一般疑问句：Do/Does + 主语+动词原形+其他Do you often play football? Yes, I am /No, I am notDoes he often play football? Yes, he does/ No, he doesnt3、特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句+一般疑问句？ When do you go to school? I go to school at seven oclock.动词的三单形式的变化：动词三单现在时，一般在词尾加SS,x,ch,sh,在词尾，直接加上-es词尾若是字母o ,加上-es 不用愁。词尾是“辅音字母+y” ,先变y为i, 后边再加-es巩固练习：用动词的适当形式填空1.I like _ (swim). 2.He _(read) English every day.3.We _(go)to school at seven in the morning. 4.Mike_(go)to school at seven in the morning.5.My mother_(like) _(go) shopping. 6.I can _(draw) many beautiful pictures.7.She_(make) a model plane. 8.Do you _(like)_(run)?9.Does he_(like)_(jump) ? 10.Does Nancy_(grow)flowers on Saturday ?11.The teachers_(like)_(dance). 12.The teacher_(like)_(dance).13.The students_(speak) English in class. 14.The student_(speak) Chinese after class. 15. Lets_and play football . ( go ) 二、人称代词人称代词主格：作主语，表示谁怎么样了、干什么了。I am a teacher. You are student. He is a student, too.We/You/They are students.人称代词宾格作宾语，表示动作行为的对象。Give it to me.Lets go (lets =let us)人称单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称hehimtheythemsheheritit三、物主代词表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词，也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种，其人称和数的变化见下表。数人称类别单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称形容词性物主代词myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs汉语我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他（她、它）们的形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her/its/our/their)+名词而名词性物主代词则相当于形容词性物主代词+名词,故其后不必加名词。如：Is this your book? No,，it isnt， its hers(her book) This pen is mine.巩固练习： 1. _ is my aunt. We often visit _. ( she ) 2. China is a developing country. _is in the east of Asia. ( its ) 3.What day is _ today? _ is Thursday. (its) 4. We are going to Paris to stay with a French friend of _ . (we ) 5. I own a blue bike. The red one isnt _. ( I )6. These new houses are so nice. _ are very expensive.( them ) 7. The fishermen caught a lot of fish, didnt _? ( them )8. Ling Ling is a girl. _ studies in a primary school. _ brother lives with_ and helps _ with_ lessons. ( she ) 9. Mike is my classmate. _ is good at English . ( his ) 10. Kate wants a glass of milk. Will you pass it to _ ? ( she ) 11. Whats the weather like today ? _ is cloudy. ( its ) 12. I ate all _ sandwiches yesterday.( I ) Can I have one of _ ? ( you ) 13. George has lost _ ( his ) pen. Ask Mary if(是否)she will lend him _ . ( she )14.Jack has a dog and so have I. _ ( he ) dog and _ ( I ) had a fight (打架).15. The teacher wants you to return that book of _ ( he ) 四，介词 in一般在“上午”“下午”“晚上”，还有时间段，年、月、季节；On 指特定的某一天，日期，星期和具体的节日At 用在时刻前，还有正午，午夜和表示一段时间的节日巩固练习：1. Childrengetgifts_Christmasand_theirbirthdays.A.on;onB.at;onC.in;inD.in;on2.-Thereisnothing_tomorrowafternoon,isthere? -No.Wecanhaveagameoftabletennis.A.onB.inC.outD.up3.Alotofstudentsinourschoolwereborn_March,1981.A.inB.atC.onD.since4.Hesuddenlyreturned_arainynight.A.onB.atC.inD.during5.Mygrandfatherwasborn_Oct.10,1935.A.onB.inC.atD.of6.Thetrainisstarting_fiveminutes.A.inB.atC.forD.still7.Mikedoeshisexercises_seven_theevening.A.on;toB.at;inC.by;ofD.at;on8. Childrenwakeupveryearly_themorningofChristmasDay.A.inB.onC.forD.at9._acoldwintermorning,Imetherinthestreet.A.InB.OnC.AtD.For10.Ithappenedtobeverycold_themorningofoursportsmeeting.A.atB.onC.withD.of11.Whydidyougetupsoearly_thismorning.A.onB./C.atD.in12.HewenttoShanghai_September3rd,1991andcameback_acoldmorninglastyear.A.in;onB.on;inC.on;onD.in;in13.Lucywasborn_thenightofMay12,1984.A.onB.inC.atD.to14.Mrs.BrowncametoChina_1996A.onB.ofC.to,D.in15_themorningofNovember20,1915,theworkerscametoChicagotoshowtheirmourningofJoeHill.A.OnB.InC.OnD.At五、频度副词从频率最大到频率最小依次为：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never.对频率副词提问要用how often 巩固练习：1. -Does Alice often work until 2 a.m.?-No, she _ does.A. nearly B. certainly C. seldom D. always2.I didnt know you take a bus to school.-Oh, I _ take a bus, but it is snowing today.A. hardly B. never C. sometimes D. usually3. -Were you often late for school last term, Tom?-No, _. I got to school early every day.A. Always B. Usually C. Sometimes D. Never4.How often do you go to a concert?-_ ever. Im not interested in that at all.A. Usually B. Hardly C. Almost 5. -John sings so well. Has he ever been trained? -No. He learns all by himself. He _ goes to any training class. A. usually B. often C. never D. even 6.Miss Gao is very popular with her students. -Yes. Her classes are _ lively and interesting.A. seldom B. never C. sometimes D. always7.We are going to have a party _ next week.A. sometime B. some time C. sometimes D. some times8. Sandy is so careful that she _ makes mistakes in her homework.A. usually B. seldom C. often D. Always9.Please drive _ when you pass a school. OK. A. nearly B. early C. slowly D. really 10.Have you ever been to Disneyland? No, _.I hope I can go there next year. A. always B. sometimes C. never D. often11.How often do the students play sports? A. Twice a day B. Since last night C. For two hours D. A month ago12. I play basketball every day because I want to play as _ as Yao Ming. A. well B. better C. best13. Mike hurt his back seriously and can_ get out of bed without help.A. quickly B. easily C. nearly D. hardly14. Did you go to the cinema to see 3D Titanic last night?No, I go to the cinema. The tickets are too expensive.A. hardly B. nearly C. still D. Only15. How often do you exercise? ever. Because I am very busy with my work. A. Hardly B. Nearly C. Always D. Almost六、特殊疑问句语法：特殊疑问句定义：特殊疑问句是用来对句子的某一部分提问的疑问句，以疑问词开头结构：特殊疑问句的基本结构 疑问词+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语动词特殊疑问词分类：疑问代词有：what（什么）, which（哪一个）, who（谁）, whose（谁的） 疑问副词有：where（哪里）, when（什么时候）, why（为什么）, how（怎么样） 疑问词还可以与某些单词搭配，构成疑问词短语，如：what time（什么时间）, what colour（什么颜色）, how many（多少）, how much（多少，多少钱） how long（多长）, how often（多久一次）, how old（几岁）, how tall（多高） 巩固练习：1 They bought a new bike yesterday._2 She is my teacher._3 It is my coat ._4 I get up at six ._5 I am from Hubei ._6 I went to school late because I got up late._7. They boy under the tree is Jack._8. The yellow cat is Sammy?_9. There are six boxes on the desk?_10. It is windy . _11. There are six boxes on the desk?_12. My bag is red . _13. The book is Li Huas. _15. They are five yuan . _八，冠词的用法定冠词 a， an 的用法元音因素前用“an” an hour 一个小时 a useful book 一本有用的书巩固练习：1.Iread_story.Itis_interestingstory.A.a,anB.a,aC.the,theD./,an2. Britainis_EuropeancountryandChinais_Asiancountry.A.an,anB.a,aC.a,anD.an,a3._Chinais_oldcountrywith_longhistory.A.The,an,aB.The,a,aC./,an,theD./,an,a4._elephantisbiggerthan_horse.A./,/B.an,aC.An,aD./,the5.Wealwayshave_ricefor_lunch.A./,/B.the,/C./,aD.the,the6. Ittookme_hourand_halftofinish_work.A.a,a,aB.an,a,aC.an,a,theD.an,a,/7._doctortoldmetotake_medicinethreetimes_day,stayin_bed,thenIwouldbebettersoon.A./,a,a,theB.A,the,the,/C.The,the,a,/D.A,/,a,/8. Thereis_pictureon_wall.Ilike_pictureverymuch.A.a,the,theB.a,the,aC.the,a,aD.a,an,the9.Januaryis_firstmonthoftheyear.A.aB./C.anD.the10.Shut_door,please.A.aB.anC.theD./11.Einsteinwon_NobelPrizeinPhysicsin1921.A.aB.anC.theD./12.What_finedayitistoday!LetsgototheSummerPalace.A.aB.anC.theD./13. Ilikemusic,butIdontlike_musicofthatTVplay.A. aB.anC.theD./14._girloverthereis_Englishteacher.A.The,anB.A,/C.The,/D.A,a15.Its_excitingwaytoshopontheNet.A.aB.anC.theD./七，不定代词的运用Some 用于肯定句 any 用于一般疑问句和否定句巩固练习：用some和any填空.1. Ihave_goodfriendsinmyclass.2. Isthere_waterinthebottle?3. Doyouhave_money?4. Theydonthave_timetogothere.5. Thereare_cakesonthetable.6. Idonthave_milkforbreakfast.7. Doeshehave_brothersorsisters?8. Therearent_picturesonthewall.9.CanIask_questions?10.Arethere_flowersinyouclassroom? No,therearent_.11.Wehave_apples,butwedonthave_pears.12.Isthere_orangejuiceinthefridge?Yes,thereis_.13.Icanspeak_English,butIcantspeak_Russian.14.Dotheyhave_colorpencil?No,theydonthave_.15.Thereisnt_meatathome.Imustgoandbuy_.There is +可数名词单数 /不可数名词There are +可数名词复数形式巩固练习：1. There _ any rice in the bowl. A. are B. Is C. isnt D. arent2. There _ many apples on the tree last year. A. have been B. were C. are D. is3. There _ a film tomorrow evening. A. will have B. have C. is going to be D. has4. There is some milk in the bottle, _? A. isnt there B. arent there C. isnt it D. are there5. how many boys _ there in the Class One? A. be B. is C. are D. am6. There _ a lot of good news in todays newspaper. A. is B. are C. was D. were7. There _ pencil-box, and some flowers on the desk. A. is a B. are some C. has a D. have some8. There _ an apple and ten bananas in the basket. A. are B. is C. has D. have9. _ any flowers on both sides of the street? A. Is there B. Are there C. Has D. Have10. There is little water n the glass, _? A. isnt there B. isnt it C. is it D. is there11. What did you see in the basket then? There _ a bottle of orange and some oranges.A. is B. are C. was D. were12. _ is there on the table? A. How many apples B. How much bread C. How much breads D. How many food.13. There _ something wrong with our classroom. A. are B. has C. is D. have14. There is some _ on the table. A. apple B. orange C. cake D. sandwich15. There is little water in the glass, _? A. isnt there B. isnt it C. is it D. is there 八、现在进行时1.定 义：现在进行时表示正在发生或进行的动作。2.标志词：(1) 时间状语 now 、at the moment (2) 句前有提示词look 、listen 、look at 3.谓语动词的构成：be +动词-ing4.动词-ing的构成规则规 则原 形-ing形式一般在动词原形末尾加-ingwash catch watch washing catching watching 以不发音字母e 结尾的动词，先去掉e,再加-ingmake take ride making taking riding 以重读闭音节（辅元辅）结尾的动词，双写末尾辅音，再加-ingsit put get sitting putting getting 以ie 结尾的动词，先把ie变成y 再加-inglie tie die lying tying dying 注意： see-seeing draw-drawing listen-listening现在分词构成口诀现在分词很好记，动词后缀-ing。直接加、去e加、双写加。还有一点要注意ie要用y来替。现在进行时用法口诀主语在前be在后，现在分词跟着走，其他成分不可丢。变一般很简单，把be 提到句子前，否定句也不难，be后要把not添。还有一点要注意，动作提问doing替。巩固练习：1._friends making_a kite. (A)I,me (B)My,my (C)My,me (D)His,his2.Is th